DC-SIGN
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
DC-SIGN or CD209 is a C-type lectin receptor present on both macrophages and Dendritic cells.
DC-SIGN on macrophages recognises and binds to mannose type carbohydrates, a class of Pathogen associated molecular patterns PAMPs commonly found on viruses, bacteria and fungi. This binding interaction activates phagocytosis.[1]
On myeloid and pre-plasmacytoid dendritic cells DC-SIGN mediates dendritic cell rolling interactions with blood endothelium and activation of CD4+ T cells, as well as recognition of pathogen haptens.
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[edit] Role in HIV infection
This molecule is involved in the initial stages of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection, as the HIV gp120 molecule causes co-internalization of the DC-SIGN molecule and HIV virion.
The dendritic cell then migrates to the cognate lymphoid organ, whereupon recycling of the DC-SIGN/HIV virion complex to the cell periphery facilitates HIV infection of T cells by interaction between DC-SIGN and ICAM-3.
[edit] References
- ^ McGreal E, Miller J, Gordon S (2005). "Ligand recognition by antigen-presenting cell C-type lectin receptors". Curr Opin Immunol 17 (1): 18–24. doi:. PMID 15653305.
[edit] Further reading
- Geijtenbeek TB, Engering A, Van Kooyk Y (2002). "DC-SIGN, a C-type lectin on dendritic cells that unveils many aspects of dendritic cell biology.". J. Leukoc. Biol. 71 (6): 921–31. PMID 12050176.
- Baribaud F, Doms RW, Pöhlmann S (2006). "The role of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR in HIV and Ebola virus infection: can potential therapeutics block virus transmission and dissemination?". Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 6 (4): 423–31. doi:. PMID 12223058.
- Bénichou S, Benmerah A (2003). "[The HIV nef and the Kaposi-sarcoma-associated virus K3/K5 proteins: "parasites"of the endocytosis pathway]". Med Sci (Paris) 19 (1): 100–6. PMID 12836198.
- van Kooyk Y, Geijtenbeek TB (2003). "DC-SIGN: escape mechanism for pathogens.". Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3 (9): 697–709. doi:. PMID 12949494.
- Turville S, Wilkinson J, Cameron P, et al. (2004). "The role of dendritic cell C-type lectin receptors in HIV pathogenesis.". J. Leukoc. Biol. 74 (5): 710–8. doi:. PMID 12960229.
- Cambi A, Figdor CG (2004). "Dual function of C-type lectin-like receptors in the immune system.". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 15 (5): 539–46. PMID 14519388.
- Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D (2005). "Nef: "necessary and enforcing factor" in HIV infection.". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 87–94. PMID 15638726.
- Stove V, Verhasselt B (2006). "Modelling thymic HIV-1 Nef effects.". Curr. HIV Res. 4 (1): 57–64. PMID 16454711.
[edit] External links
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