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Zapadna obala - Wikipedia, slobodna enciklopedija - Википедија, слободна енcиклопедија Wikipedia (2008) - wikipedia.classicistranieri.com

Zapadna obala

From Wikipedia

Za ostala značenja v. Zapadna obala (razvrstavanje).
Zapadna obala

Zapadna obala je naziv za kopneni teritorij u Jugozapadnoj Aziji koji trenutno nije de jure priznat kao dio nijedne suverene zemlje. Prema mišljenju UN i većine država u svijetu, Zapadna obala je pod nominalnom kontrolom Izraela, iako ga sami Izraelci pa i mnoge druge skupine u svijetu nazivaju "spornim područjem".

Ime joj dolazi od desne, odnosno zapadne obale rijeke Jordan koju su zaposjele jordanske snage za vrijeme prvog arapsko-izraelskog rata godine 1948. Nad tim područjem je Jordan imao međunarodno priznati suverenitet od godine 1948. do 1967, da bi ga se formalno odrekao godine 1988. Izrael ju je okupirao godine godine 1967. za vrijeme Šestodnevnog rata, ali, za razliku od Istočnog Jeruzalema, nije formalno anektirana.

Prije svih tih događaja Zapadna obala nije postojala kao posebni entitet, odnosno predstavljala je integralni dio britanskog mandata u Palestini, stvorenog nakon nestanka Otomanskog imperija.

Zapadna obala se nalazi zapadno i jugozapadno od rijeke Jordan te graniči s Izraelom na zapadnu, sjeveru i jugu, odnosno Jordanom na istoku.

Trenutno se 40 % područja (i većina stanovništva) nalazi pod ograničenom civilnom nadležnošću Palestinske samouprave, dok Izrael održava vojnu kontrolu (uključujući židovska naselja, ruralna područja i granice). Većinu stanovništva Zapadne obale čine Palestinci (84 %) dok ostatak uglavnom čine židovski doseljenici.

U hebrejskom jeziku se za Zapadnu obalu koristi naziv Yehuda i Shomron, pa je ponekad, pogotovo među izvorima sklonim Izraelu, koristi izraz Judeja i Samarija. U nekim starijim izvorima se koristi izraz Cisjordanija.

Uz pitanje Zapadne obale je vezan status Istočnog Jeruzalema, iako ga Izrael, s obzirom na aneksiju, ne smatra dijelom Zapadne obale. Ta aneksija nije priznata od UN niti od jedne druge države u svijetu. Ipak, s obzirom na njegovu važnost, tretira ga se odvojeno, uključujući i Sporazume iz Osla.

Države u Aziji

Samostalne države

Afganistan • Armenija • Azerbejdžan • Bahrein • Bangladeš • Brunej • Butan • Cipar • Egipat • Filipini • Gruzija1) • Indija • Indonezija2) • Irak • Iran • Istočni Timor2) • Izrael • Japan • Jemen • Jordan • Južna Koreja • Kambodža • Katar • Kazahstan1) • Kina • Kirgistan • Kuvajt • Laos • Libanon • Maldivi • Malezija • Mianmar • Mongolija • Nepal • Oman • Pakistan • Rusija1) • Saudijska Arabija • Singapur • Sirija • Sjeverna Koreja • Šri Lanka • Tadžikistan • Tajland • Turkmenistan • Turska1) • Ujedinjeni Arapski Emirati • Uzbekistan • Vijetnam

Ostali teritoriji:

Hong Kong (PUR NR Kine) • Makao (PUR NR Kine)

Nepriznate države:

Abhazija • Gorski Karabah • Južna Osetija • Pojas Gaze i Zapadna obala • Tajvan • Turska Republika Sjeverni Cipar

1) Djelomično u Europi.  2) Smatra se i dijelom Oceanije.

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