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List of dinosaurs - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of dinosaurs

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mounted skeletons of Tyrannosaurus (left) and Apatosaurus (right) at the AMNH.
Mounted skeletons of Tyrannosaurus (left) and Apatosaurus (right) at the AMNH.

This list of dinosaurs is a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the superorder Dinosauria, excluding class Aves (birds, both living and those known only from fossils) and purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomen dubium), or were not formally published (nomen nudum), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered dinosaurs. Many listed dinosaurs have since been reclassified as everything from birds to crocodilians to petrified wood. The list contains 1205 names, of which approximately 815 are considered valid dinosaur genera or nomina dubia.

[edit] Scope and terminology

There is no official, canonical list of dinosaur genera. The closest is the Dinosaur Genera List, compiled by biological nomenclature expert George Olshevsky, which was first published online in 1995 and is regularly updated. The most authoritative general source in the field is the second (2004) edition of The Dinosauria. The vast majority of citations are based on Olshevsky's list, and all subjective determinations (such as junior synonymy or non-dinosaurian status) are based on The Dinosauria, except where they conflict with primary literature. These exceptions are noted.

Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include:

  • Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN (see Tyrannosaurus), but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
  • Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen.
  • Nomen oblitum (Latin for "forgotten name"): A name that has not been used in the scientific community for more than fifty years after its original proposal.
  • Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list.
  • Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. As this can be an extremely subjective and controversial designation (see Hadrosaurus), this term is not used on this list.

[edit] A

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Abelisaurus skull.
Abelisaurus skull.
Replica of an Allosaurus skeleton.
Replica of an Allosaurus skeleton.
Model of Archaeopteryx.
Model of Archaeopteryx.
Artist's restoration of a trio of Aucasaurus.
Artist's restoration of a trio of Aucasaurus.

[edit] B

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Model of Beipiaosaurus in an artificial setting.
Model of Beipiaosaurus in an artificial setting.
Sketch of two Brachiosaurus.
Sketch of two Brachiosaurus.

[edit] C

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Camarasaurus skull.
Camarasaurus skull.
Obsolete drawing of Ceratosaurus.
Obsolete drawing of Ceratosaurus.
Drawing of the movement of a Corythosaurus.
Drawing of the movement of a Corythosaurus.

[edit] D

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
The painting Laelaps by Charles Knight, depicting two Dryptosaurus fighting.
The painting Laelaps by Charles Knight, depicting two Dryptosaurus fighting.

[edit] E

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Edmontosaurus skull.
Edmontosaurus skull.
Sketch of Euoplocephalus.
Sketch of Euoplocephalus.

[edit] F

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Life restoration of Fukuiraptor.
Life restoration of Fukuiraptor.

[edit] G

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Skeleton of Brachiosaurus brancai, also known as Giraffatitan.
Skeleton of Brachiosaurus brancai, also known as Giraffatitan.

[edit] H

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Early sketch of Hadrosaurus.
Early sketch of Hadrosaurus.
Drawing of Huayangosaurus.
Drawing of Huayangosaurus.

[edit] I

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Early, inaccurate sketch of two Iguanodon.
Early, inaccurate sketch of two Iguanodon.

[edit] J

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Life restoration of Jinfengopteryx.
Life restoration of Jinfengopteryx.

[edit] K

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Kentrosaurus skeleton.
Kentrosaurus skeleton.

[edit] L

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Drawing of a Leptoceratops.
Drawing of a Leptoceratops.
Remains of a Lophorhothon skull.
Remains of a Lophorhothon skull.

[edit] M

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Sketch of the sauropod Mamenchisaurus.
Sketch of the sauropod Mamenchisaurus.
Cast of a Muttaburrasaurus skeleton.
Cast of a Muttaburrasaurus skeleton.

[edit] N

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Artist's restoration of a pair of Nanshiungosaurus.
Artist's restoration of a pair of Nanshiungosaurus.

[edit] O

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Ornitholestes sketch.
Ornitholestes sketch.

[edit] P

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Parasaurolophus sketch.
Parasaurolophus sketch.
Life-sized model of a Procompsognathus.
Life-sized model of a Procompsognathus.
Life restoration of Protoceratops.
Life restoration of Protoceratops.

[edit] Q

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also

[edit] R

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Profile sketch of the head of Rinchenia.
Profile sketch of the head of Rinchenia.

[edit] S

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Artist's restoration of a pair of Saltasaurus.
Artist's restoration of a pair of Saltasaurus.
Artist's restoration of Segisaurus.
Artist's restoration of Segisaurus.
Artist's restoration of Sellosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Sellosaurus.
Early sketch of a Struthiomimus.
Early sketch of a Struthiomimus.

[edit] T

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Tarbosaurus skeleton.
Tarbosaurus skeleton.
Tyrannosaurus skull.
Tyrannosaurus skull.

[edit] U

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Illustration of the skull of Udanoceratops.
Illustration of the skull of Udanoceratops.

[edit] V

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Drawing of a Velociraptor.
Drawing of a Velociraptor.

[edit] W

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also

[edit] X

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also

[edit] Y

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Artist's restoration of Yunnanosaurus.
Artist's restoration of Yunnanosaurus.

[edit] Z

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z — See also
Artist's restoration of Zalmoxes.
Artist's restoration of Zalmoxes.

[edit] See also

[edit] Notes

Uncited genera names can be attributed to Olshevsky, 2007. Dalianraptor is listed by Olshevsky, but omitted from this list, since it has not been described as a dinosaur in a published source.

  1. ^ Ryan, M.J., A.P. Russell, D.A. Eberth & P.J. Currie 2001. The Taphonomy of a Centrosaurus (Ornithischia: Certopsidae) Bone Bed from the Dinosaur Park Formation (Upper Campanian), Alberta, Canada, with Comments on Cranial Ontogeny. Palaios 16 (5): 482–506.
  2. ^ Taylor, M. (12 February 2005). Re: Raptor Red and Heyday Of The Giants. Dinosaur Mailing List.
  3. ^ Williams, T. (13 February 2005). Re: Raptor Red and Heyday Of The Giants. Dinosaur Mailing List.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Lambert, D. 1993. "A to Z of Dinosaurs" In: The Ultimate Dinosaur Book. Dorling Kindersley.
  5. ^ Worth, G. (Ed.). N.d. Chondrosteus. In: The Dinosaur Encyclopedia. Retrieved December 4, 2006. Attributes misspelling to Huene, F. von. 1907–1908. Die Dinosaurier der europaischen Triasformation mit Beriicksichtigung der aussereuropaischen Vorkominnisse. Geol. Paleontol. Abhandl. Suppl. 1, pp. 1–419.
  6. ^ a b c d Nesbitt, S.J., R.B. Irmis & W.G. Parker 2007. A Critical Re-Evaluation Of The Late Triassic Dinosaur Taxa Of North America. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 5: 209-243.
  7. ^ a b c d Mateus, O (2008). "Two ornithischian dinosaurs renamed: Microceratops Bohlin 1953 and Diceratops Lull 1905". Journal of Paleontology 82 (2): 423. doi:10.1666/07-069.1. 
  8. ^ a b Sereno, P.C. and Brusatte, S.L. 2008. "Basal abelisaurid and carcharodontosaurid theropods from the Lower Cretaceous Elrhaz Formation of Niger". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 53 (1): 15–46.
  9. ^ Lu Junchang; Li Tianguang; Zhong Shimin; Ji Qiang; and Li Shaoxue (2008). "A new mamenchisaurid dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Yuanmou, Yunnan Province, China". Acta Geologica Sinica 82 (1): 17–26. 
  10. ^ Alifanov, V.R. & A.O. Averianov 2003. Палеонтология: Ферганозавр Верзилина. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Vol. 23. №2. pp. 358-372.
  11. ^ Smith, Nathan D.; and Pol, Diego (2007). "Anatomy of a basal sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Early Jurassic Hanson Formation of Antarctica" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 52 (4): 657–674. 
  12. ^ a b c Rana, A.N. 2006. Country’s first dinosaur fossils. DAWN March 25, 2006.
  13. ^ a b Godefroit, P., Hai, S., Yu, T., and Lauters, P. (2008). "New hadrosaurid dinosaurs from the uppermost Cretaceous of north−eastern China". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 53 (1): 47–74.
  14. ^ Olshevsky, G. (February 9 2001). Sauropodus. Dinosaur Mailing List.
  15. ^ This is not a hoax but a pre-Linnaean name, like Rutellum, applied to what would now be recognized as a theropod, perhaps Megalosaurus. For additional information, please see George Olshevsky's Dinosaur Genera List, The Theropod Database, The Dinosaur Enyclopaedia at Dino Russ's Lair, or Dinogenera (French).
  16. ^ Canudo, J. I., Royo-Torres, R. & Cuenca-Bescós, G. (2007) "A new Titanosauriformes sauropod: Tastavinsaurus sanzi gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous (Aptian) of Spain". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
  17. ^ Worth, G. (Ed.). N.d. Tenchisaurus. In: The Dinosaur Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 16, 2006. Attributes misspelling to a Japanese guide to a Chinese dinosaur exhibit, 1981. And also to Glut, 1982.
  18. ^ Malkani, M.S. 2006. First rostrum of carnivorous Vitakridrinda (Abelisaurid Theropod Dinosaur) found from the latest Cretaceous Dinosaur Beds (Vitakri) Member of PAB formation, Alam Kali Kakor Locality of Vitakri area, Barkhan District, Balochistan, Pakistan.PDF (855 KB) Sindh University Research Journal (Science Series) 38(2): 7–26.
  19. ^ Michael Hopkin.(14 November 2007). "Dinosaur discovered after a century on the shelf". Nature News. Nature Publishing Group. Retrieved 15 November 2007

[edit] References

Dinosaurs Portal
  • Lambert, D. 1993. "A to Z of Dinosaurs" In: The Ultimate Dinosaur Book. Dorling Kindersley, 192 pp. ISBN 0-7513-0047-0
  • Olshevsky, G. 2007. Dinosaur Genera List. Retrieved September 20, 2007.
  • Tweet, J. N.d. Thescelosaurus!. Retrieved March 16, 2006.
  • Walters, M. & J. Paker 1995. Dictionary of Prehistoric Life. Claremont Books. ISBN 1-85471-648-4.
  • Weishampel, D.B., P. Dodson & H. Osmólska (Eds.) 2004. The Dinosauria, Second Edition. University of California Press, 861 pp. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
  • Worth, G. (Ed.) N.d. The Dinosaur Encyclopedia. Retrieved March 16, 2006.
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