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खगोलशास्त्र - Wikipedia

खगोलशास्त्र

नेपाली विकिपीडियाबाट

ग्रह, तारा, सौर्यमण्डल, तारापुञ्ज र अन्य दृस्य र अदृस्य खगोलिय पिण्डहरुको अध्ययन् र अवलोकन गर्ने विधालाई खगोलशास्त्र भनिन्छ। खगोलशास्त्र मानवजातिको एक सारै पुरानो विज्ञान हो। यसको सुरुवात लिखित ईतिहास भन्दा धेरै पुरानो छ।

विषयसूची

[परिवर्तन्] नेपालबाट खगोल समाचार

२००९ को Total Solar Eclipse नेपालको पूर्वि भागबाट देखिने छ। यसको लागी गाईघाट, उदयपुर एक उचित ठाँऊ हो।

[परिवर्तन्] नेपालमा खगोलशास्त्र

खगोलशास्त्र को शुरुवात मानव इतिहास को शुरुवात सगँसगैँ भएको मानिन्छ। प्राचीन कालमा मानिसले रात को समयमा अन्य जनावर सुतिरहेको बेला शिकार गर्न चन्द्रमा को उज्यालो प्रयोग गर्दथे। र दिन को गिन्ती राखि कहिले पूर्णिमा आउछ पत्तो पाउदथे। पछि किसान हरुले बाली लगाउने र काट्ने समय को किटान आकाशीय पिण्डको स्थिति हेरेर गर्न थाले। अझ पछि व्यापारी (traders) तथा नाविकहरूले दिशा पत्तो लगाउन आकाशीय पिण्डको स्थिति नै प्रयोग गर्नथाले। यसरी युगौँ देखी मानिसले आफ्नो जिवन धान्न खगोल विज्ञान को प्रयोग गरिरहेका छन्।

आकाशीय अवलोकण गर्दा आकाशीय पिण्डहरू को गति सामयिक (periodic) हुने भएकोले यिनीहरूलाई सामान्य गणित बाट नाप्न र पछि यी पिण्डहरू को स्थिति को भविष्यवाणी गर्न सकिन्छ। यो सीप भने मानवजाति ले करिब २/३ हजार वर्ष अघि मात्र विकास गरेका थिए र यस सम्बन्धि ज्ञान लाई पछि विस्तार गर्दै लगे। यहि क्रममा केहि व्यक्तिहरूले आकाशीय पिण्ड को स्थिति र पृथ्वी मा घट्ने घटना सगँ तुलना गर्न थाले र ज्योतिषी को विकास गरे। अहिले को वैज्ञानिक युगमा भने यसलाई मान्यता दिईदैन किनभने यसमा कुनै वैज्ञानिक आधार छैन। तर खगोलशास्त्र भने एक विशाल विज्ञान हो। यसले ब्रम्हाण्डमा हाम्रो स्थिति बताउछ र उल्का पिण्डहरू बाट हुनसक्ने सम्भावित क्षति बाट सचेत हुन/बच्न मद्दत गर्दछ।

हाम्रो यो विज्ञान ले जति फड्को मारे पनि नेपाल मा भने २००० वर्ष पुरानो ज्योतिषी ले नै जड गाडेको छ। हाम्रो धर्म सगँ यो यति गासिँएको छ कि यस बाट छुट्कारा पाउन अत्यन्तै गाह्रो छ। ईटालीयन वैज्ञानिक ग्यालिलीयो ग्यालिलीले ४०० वर्ष अघि टेलीस्कोप को प्रयोग गरेर सौर्यमण्डल को बीचमा पृथ्वी नभई सुर्य अवस्थित छ भनि पत्ता लगाए पनि नेपाली ज्योतिष हरु पुरानै मान्यता राख्दछन्। यहाँ सम्मकी नेपाल मा ४०० वर्ष अघि आविष्कार भएको टेलीस्कोप अत्यन्त न्युन मात्रामा छ र यहाँ कहीँ यो किन्न पाईदैन। यसको मुल कारण चाहिँ सरकार ले नदेखाएको चासो र टेलीस्कोप आयात गर्दा लगाईएको १०१% भन्सार मूल्य हो।

यति सबै दुख:को कुरा हुँदा हुदै पनि नेपालमा केही व्यक्ति हरू समाजमा खगोलशास्त्र को सही ज्ञान तथा सुचना सर्वसाधारण समक्ष पु¥याउन लागिपरेका देखिन्छन्। नेपाली खगोलशास्त्र समाजहरू का यी खगोलशास्त्रीहरू भने सबैले औपचारीक रुपमा खगोलशास्त्र शिक्षा पाएका होईनन्। उनीहरू सौखिन (amateur) तथा पेशागत/व्यवसायिक (professional) दुवै छन् र सौखिन खगोलशास्त्री amateur astronomer नै धेरै छन्। अहिले सम्म नेपालमा औपचारीक रुपमा खगोलशास्त्र पढेका पेशागत व्यक्ति केहि मात्रामा मात्रै भएतापनि उनीहरूको भनाई छ कि अबको पिढी ले अत्यन्तै धेरै नेपाली खगोलशास्त्री तथा खगोलशास्त्र-सचेत व्यक्ति हरू देख्ने छन्।

[परिवर्तन्] खगोलशास्त्र धेरै वर्ष अघि

The early astronomers were traders र sailors who depended on the stars to guide them at night र farmers who knew by the rising र setting of certain constellations that planting, flooding , or harvesting times were near. They were also the ancient civilizations who built such places as Stonehenge र the native North American medicine wheels for unknown, but probably sacred, reasons र needed precise knowledge of the phases of the moon, the northernmost र southernmost seasonal points of the sun, र other information for their purposes.

Other observers believed the future could be predicted by where the planets were in the sky when a person was born. Even though the study of stars र planets for this reason is not usually thought of as a science today, these astrologers kept careful records of their observations. These observations were of great importance to astronomers durin the past two centuries in trying to make sense of the universe.

[परिवर्तन्] खगोलशास्त्रि हुनु

Not only is astronomy a very old science, it is also one that can be practiced today with no special equipment or with very inexpensive equipment. Amateur astronomers have contributed a lot of new र useful information, usually about new asteroids or comets, but sometimes about events such as the birth or death of stars. While some astronomy research does take a great deal of money (for example, a project like the Hubble Space Telescope), good astronomy can be done with a simple pair of binoculars.

A pair of binoculars is, in fact, the best tool for a new astronomer. Many new astronomers buy expensive or poorly made telescopes, but do not know how to use them, do not know what they are looking at, र soon become frustrated र go on to another hobby. Amateurs should buy books or charts showing the constellations र the important stars they contain. They will take time to learn र understand the motions of the Earth, the moon, र the planets. They will spend some time working र learning with only their eyes र a simple recording tool such as a notebook.

Binoculars are an excellent tool for a beginner, because they are inexpensive, they do not need to be set up or taken down, they are easy to use, र they let the user see interesting things such as the moon's craters, double stars, star clusters such as the Pleiades, र the moons of other planets. They are even better than telescopes for looking at things such as the closer galaxies or very bright comets. When an amateur astronomer has taken some time to learn र understand the night sky, then it is time to buy a telescope.

[परिवर्तन्] खगोलशास्त्रका प्रकारहरु

Astronomy has become a very large science in the past few hundred years, र has many branches.

Lunar astronomers study only the moon, while planetary astronomers focus their attention on the planets of our Solar System as well as the planets discovered around other suns. Some astronomers specialize in particular types of stars, such as binary stars or pulsars. Others study only distant galaxies.

There are also astronomers who never look at the sky at all. These theoretical astronomers use the laws of physics र mathematics in combination with computers to create models of how the universe behaves, then they compare their models to what is observed. Their goal is to understand र predict the events which happen in the universe र how the universe was formed.

[परिवर्तन्] संबन्धित विषयहरु

  • सौर्यमण्डल
  • ग्रह
  • धूमकेतु
  • उल्का
  • उल्कापिण्ड
  • तारा
  • तारापुञ्ज
  • ब्रम्हाण्ड

[परिवर्तन्] यहाँ पनि हेर्नुहोस्

  • List of astronomical topics
  • List of comets

[परिवर्तन्] बाह्य संबन्ध


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