CASA C-212 Aviocar

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C-212 Aviocar
CASA C-212 of the Swedish Coast Guard
Type	Medium transport
Manufacturer	CASA
Maiden flight	26 March 1971
Introduced	May 1974
Primary users	Spanish Air Force Swedish Air Force Mexican Navy

The EADS-CASA C-212 Aviocar is a turboprop-powered STOL medium transport aircraft designed and built in Spain for civil and military use. C-212s are also produced under licence in Indonesia by Indonesian Aerospace, formerly called IPTN but now known as IAe. The design was initially marketed under the name of Aviocar, but EADS-CASA no longer uses that name in referring to the C-212.

A total of 471 C-212s of all variants were delivered through the end of 2006. EADS-CASA predicts that an additional 85 units will be delivered in the 2007-2016 time period.^[1] EADS-CASA currently builds only the C-212-400, which received Spanish certification in 1998. The C-212-200 is currently built in Indonesia, and IAe is also preparing to begin assembly of -400 models, probably in 2008.

Contents 1 Design and development 2 Variants 2.1 Series 100 2.2 Series 200 2.3 Series 300 2.4 Series 400 3 Operators 4 Incidents and Accidents 5 Specifications (Series 300M) 6 References 7 See also 8 External links

[edit] Design and development

During the late 1960s, the Spanish Air Force was still operating the already outdated Junkers Ju 52 and Douglas C-47, unpressurized and non-turbocharged piston-powered three- or two-engined craft. CASA developed the C-212 as a more modern alternative using the lighter and more reliable turboprop engine, with the first prototype flying on March 26 1971. In 1974, the Spanish Air Force decided to acquire the Aviocar to update its fleet.

Airlines took note of the type's success with the military, so CASA developed a commercial version, the first examples of which were delivered in July 1975. In August 2006 a total of 30 CASA C-212 aircraft (all variants) remain in airline service around the world.^[2]

The C-212 has a high-mounted wing, a boxy fuselage, and a conventional tail. The tricycle undercarriage is non retractable. It has space for 21-28 passengers depending on configuration. Since the C-212 does not have a pressurized fuselage, it is limited to relatively low-flight-level airline usage (below 10000 ft MSL). It is thus ideal for short legs and regional airline service.

[edit] Variants

[edit] Series 100

C-212A

Original military production version. Also known as C-212-5, C-212-5 series 100M, and by the Spanish Air Force as the T-12B and D-3A (for medevac aircraft), 129 built.

C-212AV

VIP transport version, T-12C.

C-212B

Six pre-production C-212As converted for photo-reconnaissance missions, TR-12A.

C-212C

Original civil version

C-212D

Two pre-production C-212As converted for use as navigational trainers, TE-12B.

NC-212-100

Manufactured under licence in Indonesia since 1976, IPTN producing 28 NC-212-100s before switching to NC-212-200.

[edit] Series 200

Stretched version with uprated engines (Honeywell TPE331-10R-511C or -512C, rated at 900 shp (671 kW) each), introduced in 1979. The CASA C-212-200 is also a popular skydiving aircraft, known for its large capacity, fast climb, and large tailgate exit ramp.

C-212 series 200M

Military version known as T-12D in Spanish service and Tp 89 for the Swedish Air Force. Specialised ASW and maritime patrol aircraft have been built from this version.

NC-212-200

C-212-200 built under licence by IPTN.

[edit] Series 300

Standard production version from 1987 on. Engines were Honeywell TPE331-10R-513C, also rated at 900 shp continuous (925 shp maximum). The propellers were changed from four-bladed Hartzell composite blade propellers to four-bladed Dowty-Rotol all-metal propellers. Winglets and a larger vertical stabilizer area provide improved performance, and the addition of a nose baggage compartment gives the nose a more streamlined look than the Series 200. Various systems have been incrementally upgraded, including the addition of an integrated autopilot system.

C-212-M series 300 (Series 300M)

Military version.

C-212 series 300 airliner

26 seat regional airliner.

C-212 series 300 utility

23 seat civil utility version.

C-212 series 300P

Civil utility version with Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-65 engines

[edit] Series 400

Updated version first flying in 1997. US military designation is C-41. Engines are Honeywell TPE331-12JR-701C, derated to 925 shp (690 kW) maximum. Airframe dimensions and flight performance are practically identical to those of the Series 300. Compared to the Series 300, many of the various aircraft systems have been refined and improved. Standard instrumentation has been updated to include a four-tube Rockwell-Collins Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS), a two-tube Integrated Engine Data System (IEDS), and a Universal UNS-1K Flight Management System (FMS) with integrated Inertial Reference Unit (IRU).

Currently, this version is built only in Spain, and is not certificated for civilian use in the United States.

[edit] Operators

•  Abu Dhabi
•  Angola
•  Argentina
•  Australia (Australian Antarctic Division)
•  Bolivia
•  Bosnia and Herzegovina
•  Botswana
•  Burma (Myanmar)
•  Chad
•  Chile (First foreign costumer of C-212A)
•  Colombia
•  Djibouti
•  Dominican Republic
•  Equatorial Guinea
•  France
•  Guinea
•  Ghana
•  Indonesia
•  Jordan
•  Lesotho
•  Malta
•  Mexico
•  Nicaragua
•  Panama
  • Panamanian Air Force/National Air Service
  • Air Panama (recently)
•  Paraguay
•  Portugal
•  South Africa
•  Spain
•  Sweden
•  Sudan
•  Suriname
•  Thailand
•  United States
•  Uruguay
•  Venezuela
•  Zimbabwe
•  United States
  • Arctic Transportation Services, Bighorn Airways, Blackwater Security, ConocoPhillips, Bering Air, Murray Aviation

[edit] Incidents and Accidents

The CASA C-212 has been involved in 71 hull-loss incidents with a total of 499 fatalities.^{[3] [4]} This is a high occurrence, however the aircraft is generally not considered accident-prone as the cause of most crashes have been attributed to its being used in high-risk operations at low altitudes.

• November 27, 2004: Presidential Airways CASA C-212-200 (registration: N960BW / serial nr: 231) was contracted by the US Department of Defense to supply American forces deployed in remote areas of Afghanistan. The airplane entered a box canyon and struck the 14,650 foot level of Baba Mountain, which has a peak elevation of 16,739 feet. The flight was about 25 nm north of the typical route between Bagram and Farah^[5].

• October 26, 2006: Swedish Coast Guard CASA C-212-200 (registration: SE-IVF/serial nr: KBV 585) crashed in the Falsterbo Canal during a surveillance mission, killing all four onboard.^{[6] [7]} Eye-witness accounts suggest that the accident was caused by one of the wings of the aircraft somehow detaching from the plane.^[8] The preliminary report from the Swedish Accident Investigation Board suggests that the right wing detached due to a fatigue crack which had developed in the load-bearing structure in the wing ^[9].

• November 15, 2006: Mexican Navy CASA 212-200 Maritime Patrol (serial AMP-114) crashed in the sea in Campeche coast over the Mexican Gulf during a surveillance mission, all crew managed to survive, due to a smooth maneuver, reasons of the accident still unknown.^[10]

[edit] Specifications (Series 300M)

Data from {name of first source}

General characteristics

• Crew: Two (pilot and co-pilot)
• Capacity: Up to 20 troops, 12 litters, or 2,820 kg (6,217 lb) of cargo
• Length: 16.15 m (53 ft 0 in)
• Wingspan: 20.28 m (66 ft 7 in)
• Height: 6.60 m (21 ft 8 in)
• Wing area: 41 m² (441 ft²)
• Empty weight: 4,400 kg (9,680 lb)
• Max takeoff weight: 8,000 kg (17,600 lb)
• Powerplant: 2× Garrett AiResearch TPE-331-10R-513C turboprop engines, 690 kW (925 shp) each

Performance

• Never exceed speed: 200 kts
• Maximum speed: 370 km/h (200 kts, 230 mph)
• Cruise speed: 170 kts
• Range: 1,433 km (774 nm, 895 miles)
• Service ceiling 7,925 m (26,000 ft)
• Rate of climb: 497 m/min (1,630 ft/min)

Armament

• Up to 500 kg (1,100 lb) of weapons on two hardpoints. Typically, machine gun pods or rocket launchers.

[edit] References

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

• EADS CASA C-212 official site

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