Indonesian Aerospace
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| Indonesian Aerospace (IAe) | |
|---|---|
| Type | Public limited company |
| Founded | August 23rd 1976, based on the Notary Act 15 on April 26th 1976 , Jakarta (in August 24th 2000, the company took on current name, Bandung) |
| Headquarters | Bandung, Indonesia |
| Industry | Aerospace and Defense |
| Products | Commercial Airliners Military aircraft Aircraft Component Aircraft Services Defence Engineering |
| Employees | 3,720 (2004) |
| Website | www.indonesian-aerospace.com |
Indonesian Aerospace (IAe) (Indonesian: PT. Dirgantara Indonesia (DI)) is an Indonesian aerospace company in Asia with core competence in aircraft design, development and manufacturing of civilian and military regional commuter aircraft. The company formerly known as Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara (IPTN) or Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio (IPTN).
Established in 1976 as a state owned company, it has developed its capability as aircraft manufacturer and diversified its product not only in the field of aircraft but also other area such as Telecommunication, Automotive, Maritime, Information Technology, Oil & Gas, Control & Automation, Military, Simulation Technology, Industrial Turbine, and Engineering Services.
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[edit] History
[edit] Pioneering
Though aircraft production in Indonesia existed before her independence, the National Aviation Industry was pioneered in 1946 at Yogyakarta by the formation of Planning and Construction Bureau (Indonesian: Biro Rencana dan Konstruksi) within The Indonesian Air Force. Wiweko Soepono, Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, and J. Sumarsono, opened a simple workshop at Magetan, near Madiun. With basic materials, gliders were designed and built -- Resulting Zogling,NWG-1 (Nurtanio Wiweko Glider) among others.
In 1948, a motorized aircraft, WEL-X was built by Wiweko Soepono utilizing a Harley Davidson engine. The small craft was registered as RI-X. This era marked the rise of several aeromodeling club.
The war for independence, however, halted all progress until 1953. In that year, The Experimental Section (Seksi Percobaan) was organized. Consisting of only 15 personnel, led by Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo, The team built and tested three prototypes of a single-seated all metal aircraft at Andir Airport (Later renamed to Husein Sastranegara Airport) in Bandung.
Later in April 24th 1957, The Experimental Section graduated into The Inspection, Trial, and Production Sub-Depot (Indonesian: Sub Depot Penyelidikan, Percobaan dan Pembuatan) based on Decision Letter of Indonesian Air Force Chief of Staff number 68.
Finally in 1958, a light training aircraft prototype named Belalang 89, or Grasshopper 89, was successfully flown. The design was later produced as Belalang 90. 5 Belalang 90 were built and used for military training. On the side note, within the same year, a sport plane, "Kunang 25", was also successfully built and flown.
[edit] Preparation
On August 1, 1960, by the order of Indonesian Air Force Chief of Staff (order #488), The Aviation Industry Preparation Body was to be formed to envision the birth of the National Aircraft Industry. Within months, the new body, known as LAPIP (Lembaga Persiapan Industri Penerbangan) since December 16, 1961, was actively negotiating for technological transfers and contracts.
LAPIP was able to secured a joint licensing and production contract with Poland. Within the same year, Indonesia was producing PZL-104 Wilga or locally named Gelatik. 44 units were produced for agriculture, transport, and aero club purposes.
In 1965, Aircraft Industry Project Implementation Command (Komando Pelaksana Proyek Industri Pesawat Terbang (KOPELAPIP)) and Independent Aircraft Industry National Company (PN. Industri Pesawat Terbang Berdikari) were formed to expand and formulate specific uses of the young aviation industry.
Within the same timeline, Aviation Study(ies) were promoted in the country top universities. One of the first and well respected school was founded within The Machine Department of The Engineering Faculty of Institut Teknologi Bandung ITB by Oetarjo Diran and Liem Keng Kie.
In September 1974, Pertamina's Advanced Technology Division signed a license contract with MBB and CASA for producing Bölkow Bo 105 and CASA C.212 Aviocar.
[edit] Nurtanio Aircraft Industry
On April 26th, 1976 , mandated by Government's Act No. 15, in Jakarta, PT. Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was officially established with Dr. BJ. Habibie as the President Director. The infrastructure was completed and inaugurated on August 23rd 1976 by President Suharto. The new body was a merge between Nurtanio Aviation Industry Body (Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio/LIPNUR) and Pertamina's Advanced Technology Division.
The name Nurtanio is a tribute to Nurtanio Pringgoadisuryo, one of the first aviation pioneers in Indonesia, who designed Sikumbang, an indigenous all metal aircraft (maiden flight: August 1st, 1954).
Initially, IPTN manufactured The NBO 105, under license by MBB -- Followed by NC 212, under license by CASA.
In March 1966, Nurtanio Pringgoadisurjo died in flight testing accident. The Aviation Industry Preparation Body was then renamed to Nurtanio Aviation Industry Body (Indonesian: Lembaga Industri Penerbangan Nurtanio (Abbreviated as LIPNUR)).
[edit] Nusantara Aircraft Industry
On October 11, 1985, the name PT. Industri Pesawat Terbang Nurtanio was changed to the PT. Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara or IPTN. Nusantara signifies the Indonesian 17000 island archipelago.
The exclusion of "Nurtanio" from IPTN was due to some highly questionable accusations. One of the allegations was a personal use of company's letterhead by Nurtanio's family to appropriate some IPTN stocks. None was proven true.
[edit] Dirgantara Indonesia / Indonesian Aerospace
Following the 1997 Asian financial crisis, a major restructuring program was implemented. At its peak, in 2004, the Indonesian Aerospace reduced its payroll from 9670 to a healthier 3720. Furthermore, the 18 business divisions were reorganized into the following:
- Aircraft
- Aircraft Services
- Aerostructure
- Defence
- Engineering Services
The restructuring focused on new business goals, downsizing and adaptive man-powering according to available workloads, and a pinpoint market targeting along with a concentrated business mission. Furthermore, Indonesian Aerospace opens welcome new markets to its redundant engineering experties in design to test processing, aircraft and non-aircraft component manufacturing, and after sales support and services.
The IPTN was re-introduced as PT. Dirgantara Indonesia (abbreviated DI) or Indonesian Aerospace (abbreviated IAe). IAe was officially inaugurated by the President of Indonesia, Abdurrahman Wahid, in Bandung on August 24, 2000.
[edit] Product
[edit] Fixed wing aircraft
Some Fixed-wing aircraft Aircraft made by IAe:
- CN-235 Civil, Military, and Maritime Version (Joint Development with CASA).
- NC 212, a licensed production of CASA C.212 Aviocar aircraft.
- N 250 A prototype commercial turboprop aircraft, discontinued due Asian financial crisis, the first prototype flew 55 minutes on August 10th, 1995.
- N 2130 Planned commercial jet aircraft, discontinued due Asian financial crisis before making prototype.
[edit] Rotary wing aircraft
Some Helicopter Aircraft made by IAe:
- NAS 330J, a licensed production of Aérospatiale Puma helicopter.
- NAS 332, a licensed production of Eurocopter Super Puma helicopter.
- NBell 412,a licensed production of Bell 412 helicopter.
- NBO 105,a licensed production of Bölkow Bo 105 helicopter.
[edit] Aircraft component
Some subcontracts had been received by IAe:
- Component of Airbus A330.
- Component of Airbus A340.
- Wing Component of Airbus A380.
- Component of Boeing 737.
- Component of Boeing 757.
- Component of Boeing 767.
- Component of F-16 Fighting Falcon.
- Component of Fokker F100.
[edit] Armaments
Some armaments made:
- FFAR 2.75 inch rocket under Belgium's license.
- SUT-Torpedo.
- NDL-40 Ground-to-Ground Rocket Multi Launcher.
[edit] Service
- Engineering work packages; design, development, testing
- Manufacturing subcontracts
- Aircraft Maintenance Repair and Overhaul (MRO)
- Engine Maintenance Repair and Overhaul (MRO)
[edit] Facility
Indonesian Aerospace covers an area of 86,98 ha. The backbone of the production are sustained by 232 high tech machineries and equipments. Apart from these, there are other minor high-tech equipments spread over in various assembly lines, laboratories, and service & maintenance units. They are located mainly in Bandung.
[edit] External links
- Official website
- IPTN Profile from Industry Department
- Nurtanio reminiscences
- History of Indonesian Aviation
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