Escherichia coli

From Wikipedia

?Escherichia coli Conservation status: Secure
Scientific classification
Domain: ᎢᎦᎢ Phylum: Proteobacteria Class: Gamma Proteobacteria Order: Enterobacteriales Family: Enterobacteriaceae Genus: Escherichia Species: Escherichia coli
Binomial name
Escherichia coli T. Escherich, 1885

ᎡᎳᏗ-ᏄᏁᏌᏴᏢ electron micrograph ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ E. coli ᎢᎦᎢ, magnified 10,000 itsuwakodi. ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ bacterium ᎨᏒᎢ ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᏌᏆᎦᏘ ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ.

Escherichia coli, ᎤᏠᏱᎭ abbreviated E. coli, ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏓ ᎾᎥᎢ Theodor Escherich, pediatrician ᎠᎴ bacteriologist, ᎨᏒᎢ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎢᎦᎢ Ꮎ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎡᎳᏗᎨ ᏧᎵᎦᏏgantlai. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎤᎭ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎤᏂᎷᏨ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏛᎢ ᎤᏗᎴᎩ ᎠᎹ ᎦᏄᎪᎬ. ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᎪᏘ. Ꮝ ᎡᏙᎲᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ groundwater ᎨᏒᎢ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏙᏣᎵ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᎯᎠ Enterobacteriaceae, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏂᎦᎥ. ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏍᏕᏢ ᎤᏂᏁᏨ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ ᏏᏓᏁᎸᎯ ᎤᏤᎵ ᎠᏏᎾᏍᏛ ᏚᏙᎥ, "enteric", ᏩᏎᎯᎰᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏧᎵᎦᏏ, ᏯᏛᎾ "gastroenteritis" (ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ 'gastro-', ᎤᏍᏉᎵ, 'entero-' ᏧᎵᎦᏏ, '-itis', ᎠᎦᎾᏫᏗᏍᎩ). "ᎦᎳᏅᎯ" ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ Ꮎ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎢᏗᎦᏘᎭ ᎬᏙᏗ "enteric".

ᎯᎠ ᏎᏍᏗ ᎠᏂᏏᏴᏫᎭ E. coli ᎢᎦᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ Ꮎ ᏌᏊ ᏴᏫ ᏓᏂᎶᏍᎬᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏌᏊ ᎢᎦ ᎢᎦᏘᎭ ᎢᎬᏁᎸ ᎠᏰᎵ 100 ᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ 10 ᎯᏍᎩ. ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ coli ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎢᎦᎢ Ꮎ ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏙᎯ (ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎦᏲᎳᏗᏍᏗ digakohidi, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎨᏒᎢ Enterobacter aerogenes) ᎠᎴ grouped ᎢᏧᎳ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏙᎥ coliform ᎢᎦᎢ. ᎤᏦᏍᏗ ᏂᎬᎿᏅ, ᎯᎠ "coliform ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ" ᎨᏒᎢ ᎧᏁᎢᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ aerobic ᎠᎴ facultative anaerobic, ᎬᏙᏗ-ᏓᏪᎳᎩᏍᎩ-ᏑᏓᎴᎩ, ᏄᏓᎨᏒ-ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ, ᎦᏅᎯᏓ ᏔᎷᎩᏍᎩ-ᏓᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᏚᎷᏨ ᎢᎦᎢ Ꮎ ᎠᏰᎵ ᏗᏂᎦᏘᎴᎩ lactose ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏥᎸ ᎠᏓᏪᎳᎩᏍᎩ ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ 48 ᎢᏧᏟᎶᏛ ᎾᎾᎢ 35°C (95°F). ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏰᎸ, ᎪᎯ ᎠᏥᎸ ᎠᏓᏪᎳᎩᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏓᏥᏲᏒᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏥᎸ ᎠᏓᏪᎳᎩᏍᎩ. E. coli ᎦᏁᎸ ᎠᎴ elongated, 1-2 µm ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎠᎴ 0.1-0.5 µm ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ.

[edit] ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎡᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎹ ᎬᏫᏍᏓᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏗᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎧᏅᏩᏅᎯ

ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏕᎦᎶᎨᏒ ᎠᎹ ᎬᏫᏍᏓᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏗᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ ᎧᏅᏩᏅᎯ, E. coli ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎠᏑᏰᏛ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏙᎳᏩᏛᎲ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏏᎾᏒᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ "ᎪᎯᏳᏙ" ᎯᎠ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎤᏩᎾᏕᏍᎩ ᎠᎹ, ᎦᏛᎬᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ ᏴᏫ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᏍᎩ, ᎡᎷᏪᎢ ᎬᏗᏍᎬᎢ ᎯᎠ Coliform ᎠᏩᏛᏗ. E. coli ᎨᏒᎢ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏗ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏟᎶᎥ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ coliforms ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏴᏫ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ pathogen(Salmonella typhi ᎨᏒᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏯᏛᎿ pathogen. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᏕᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ typhoid ᎤᏗᎴᎲᏍᎩ.), ᎠᎴ E. coli ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᏰᎵ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬᎾ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏰᎵᏇ't "ᎠᎩᏍᏗᏱ ᏗᏲᏒᎯ" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ lab ᎠᎴ ᎠᏥᏐᏅᏅ ᎾᏂᎥᏇ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎦᎵᏓᏍᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ E. coli ᎤᏩᏒ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎪᎯᏳᏙ ᏴᏫ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎾᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ E. coli ᎠᏛᏍᎦ ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎹᏱ, ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ Ꭺ ᏍᏙᏍᎩᏱ.

[edit] ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎡᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎥᏳᎩ

ᏦᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᏳᏃ ᏰᎵ ᏰᎵ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬᎾ E. coli ᏰᎵᏇ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎠᏓᏂᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ:

1. ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᎩᏍᏗᏱ atsinuqowisgv ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏍᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ urinary ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏍᎩ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᏰᎵᏇ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎥᏳᎩ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ "ᎠᎵᎮᎵᏥᏓᏍᏗ cystitis" ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎦᏂ ᎾᏛᏁᎸ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ ᎠᎦᏘᏯ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏧᏣᏔᏊ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎨᏴ, urinary ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏍᎩ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎨᏴ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᎥᏂᎨᏍᏙᏗ ᎢᏗᎦᏗ ᎤᏜᏅᏛ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏛᏐᏅᎯ ansigaya ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᎨᏴ. ᎣᏂ ᏧᏩᎫᏛ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎠᏴᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ urinary ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏍᎩ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ urethra, ᎤᏲᎢᏳᏛᎾᎮᏕᎩ ᎫᏢᎥᏍᎬ technique ᏰᎵᏇ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏕᎫᎪᏗᏍᎬ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎠᎴ ᏐᎢ ᎦᏃᏢᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ (ᏥᏍᏚ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᎨᏴ, ᎧᏂᎬᎾᎥ ᎧᏁᏉᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ansigaya) ᎠᎴ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏕᎦᎸᏛ ᎧᏁᏌᎢ ᎯᎠ initiating ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏂᏙᎲ ᎨᏒᎢ unclear. Anal ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎠᏁᎸᏙᏗ ᎦᏃᏢᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ.
2. ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎠᎩᏍᏗᏱ atsinuqowisgv ᎯᎠ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏍᎩ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏍᎬ (ᎠᏔᎴᏒ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏣᎦᎸᏗ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎦᏬᏍᎬ, ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ) ᎠᎴ ᎾᎾᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎤᏍᏉᎵ, ᎤᏅᏌ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎤᏯᏅᎲ "peritonitis" Ꮎ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᎲᏲᎵᏍᏗ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ, E. coli ᎠᎴ ᏭᎶᏒᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᏁᏟᏴᏌᏘ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ streptomycin ᎠᎴ gentamycin, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎧᏅᏩᏅᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏙᏗᏱ.
3. ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ E.coli ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ Escherichia coli O157:H7 ᎠᎴ toxigenic (ᎢᎦᏛ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ toxin ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᎤᏠᏱ Ꮎ ᎠᎪᎲᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ) ᎠᎴ ᏰᎵᏇ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ-ᎠᏲᎶᎬ ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎤᎾᎵᎪᏅᎯ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᎲᏍᎬ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎭᏫᏯ (ᎥᏳᎩ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏍᏆᎵᎯᎨ ᎤᎶᏐᏅ ᎠᏓᎯᏍᏗ ᎡᏆ ᎠᎴ ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎠᏍᏆᏂᎪᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ). ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏂᎶᎯᏍᏗ varies ᎤᎪᏗᏗ; ᎾᏍᎩ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᎲᏲᎵᏍᏗ, ᎾᏍᎩᎾ ᎨᏒ ᎠᏲᎵ ᏗᏂᏲᎵ, ᎯᎠ ᎤᏛᏐᏅᎯ ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ immunocompromised, ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᏩᏂᎦᎳ. E. coli ᏰᎵᏇ ᎦᏁᎸ ᎢᏧᎳ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ-ᏐᏈᎵ ᎤᏂᏴᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ-labile enterotoxins. ᎯᎠ ᎣᏂᏯᎨ, termed LT, ᎨᏒᎢ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᎨᏍᏗ ᎤᏠᏱ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᎥᏳᎩ toxin. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏐ ᏌᏊ 'A' subunit ᎠᎴ ᎯᏍᎩ 'B' subunits ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅ ᎾᎾᎯ ᏌᏊ holotoxin. ᎯᎠ B subunits ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏴᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ toxin ᎾᎾᎯ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏁᎸ, ᎭᏢᏃ ᎯᎠ subunit ᎨᏒᎢ cleaved ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴᏫᏍᏔᏅ ᎦᏁᎸ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎤᎵᏁᏨ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᏗ ᎠᎹ, causing ᏗᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ.

E. coli ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎯᎠ causative ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏤᎵᏛ-ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎥᏳᎩ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ urinary ᎧᏃᎮᎸᏍᎩ ᎥᏳᎩ, meningitis, peritonitis, mastitis, septicemia ᎠᎴ ᏄᏓᎨᏒ-ᏗᎦᏘᎴᎩ ᏄᏍᏛ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᎪᎳ ᎡᎯ ᎤᏗᎴᎬᏍᎬ. ᎯᎠ enteric E. coli ᎠᎴ uniyatolv ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎴᏅᏙᏗ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ properties ᎾᎾᎯ enterotoxigenic (ETEC, causative ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ diarrhea ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᎠᏛ ᏏᏆ, ᎠᏫ ᎤᏃᏕᎾ, ᎤᎦᏐᏣᏁᏛ, ᏩᎦ, ᎠᏂᎩᏟ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏐᏈᎵ), enteropathogenic (EPEC, causative ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ diarrhea ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᏥᏍᏚ, ᎠᏂᎩᏟ, ᏪᏌ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏂᏐᏈᎵ), enteroinvasive (EIEC, ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ), verotoxigenic (VTEC, ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏛ ᏏᏆ, ᏩᎦ, ᎠᏂᎩᏟ ᎠᎴ ᏪᏌ), enterohaemorragic (EHEC, ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᏩᎦ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᏐᏣᏁᏛ), ᎠᏓᏂᏴᎡᎲ-effacing (AEEC, ᎠᏓᏂᏢᏗ E. coli ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᏄᎾᏛᏅ EPEC ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, EHEC ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᏩᎦ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᏐᏣᏁᏛ, ᎠᎴ porcine ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ Ꮎ ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᎦᏏ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏄᏍᏛᎢ ᎤᏠᏱ ᏴᏫ EPEC ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ) ᎠᎴ enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC, ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ).

[edit] ᎧᏅᏩᏅᎯ

ᏗᏙᎳᎩ ᎧᏅᏩᏅᎯ ᎠᎵᏍᎦᏍᏙᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏗᎾ ᎾᏍᏋ guided ᎾᎥᎢ ᏅᏬᏘ ᎠᏗ ᏗᎫᎪᏙᏗ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ sensitivities ᎯᎠ ᏧᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ E. coli. ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎬᏔᏅᎯ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ E. coli ᎥᏳᎩ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏛ (ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ) amoxycillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin. ᎾᏍᎩ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏗᎾᏙᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏌᏅᎯ ᎾᎥᎢ E. coli ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏕᏲᏗ ᎦᎾᎦᏗ ᎢᏳᏗᎾ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎤᏯᎸᎩ.

ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎠᏛᏏᏒ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ. ᎢᎦᏛ ᎪᎯ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ overuse ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ, ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎲ ᎯᎠ ᎬᏙᏗ anitbiotics ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ ᎠᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎵᏍᏓᏴᏗ ᎡᎿᎢ ᎡᎥ.^[1]

[edit] ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ

ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᏔᎵ ᎠᎽᏰᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ E. coli

"ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ" E. coli ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾ ᎨᎦᏓᏅᏖᏗ Ꮎ ᎪᏢᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᏐᎢ E. coli ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᏧᎾᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ detectable ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎤᏩᎾᏕᏍᎩ, ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎾᏍᎬᏘ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏗᎦᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ ᎠᎴ lifecycle ᎯᎠ bacterium, ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏓᏓᏘᏂᏒ pathogenicity. ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ E. coli ᎠᎴᏂᏓᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ gantlai, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏰᎵᏊ ᏚᎵᏃᎮᎸ ᎢᏳᏃ ᎦᎳᏅᎯ ᏭᏚᎸᏛ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᎹ ᎤᎷᏨᎩ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎠᎴ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎸᏍᎩ ᏥᏍᏆ, ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ. ᎢᏤ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ E. coli ᏗᎶᏗ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ iyuwakodi ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎬᏩᏍᏛ biological ᏧᎵᎬᏩᎳᏅᎯ ᏧᎾᏍᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ ᎤᎭ ᎨᎦᏓᏅᏖᏗ Ꮎ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᏗᏄᏬ ᏗᎦᏛᏗ ᎠᏓᏩᏛᎯᏙᎯ gantlai. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ nvwatohiyadv ᎤᏔᎾ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ ᏯᏓᎢᏗᏏ ᏄᏓᎷᎸᎾ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ Ꮭ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎠᏓᏠᎯᏍᏗ diarrhea, ᎠᎴ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ Ꮭ ᏄᏍᏛ ᏗᎧᏃᏗ ᎾᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᏛ, ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏲᎵ ᏗᏂᏲᎵ, ᏴᏫ ᎦᎪ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎭ ᏝᏱᎪᎯᎩ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎤᏢᎩ, ᎠᎴ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏴᏫ ᎠᎩᏍᎬᎢ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ medications, ᏓᎦᏘᎴᎬ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ ᏰᎵᏇ ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᏢᏲᎵᏍᏗ ᎠᏓᏂᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᎠᏲᎱᎯᏍᏗ. ᎾᏍᎩᎾ ᎨᏒ ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ E. coli ᎨᏒᎢ E.coli O157:H7.

ESBL (ᎧᏁᏉᏛ-ᏗᎧᏃᏗ Beta-Lactamase) ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ E. coli ᎠᎴ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ E. coli.ESBL-ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏗᏍᎬ ᎠᎵᏂᎬᏁᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎢᎦᎢ Ꮎ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ enzyme ᎤᏯᏅᎲ ᎧᏁᏉᏛ-ᏗᎧᏃᏗ beta lactamase, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᏗᎪᏢᏅ ᎠᏂ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏗᎪᏢᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎥᏳᎩ ᎠᏍᏓᏰᎯᎨ ᎠᏓᏁᏗ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏂᎦᎵᏍᏔᏅᏂᏙᎲ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᏔᎵ ᎧᏁᏨᎯ ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏙᎯᏳ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᎤᎾᏓᏟᏌᎲ intravenous ᎠᏅᏬᏗ ᏂᎦᏰᏙᎲ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏙᏗᏱ.

[edit] ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎡᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ microbiology

ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ Ꮝ ᎤᏜᏅᏛ, E. coli ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎤᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ microbiology ᎠᎴ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᏱᎵᏒ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ "workhorse" ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ. Ꮝ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏧᎸᏌᏓ, ᎠᎴ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏗᎪᏢᏅ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᎵᎶᎲᏍᎩ ᏗᏲᏍᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏕᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ, ᎤᏁᎫᏥᏛ, ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏌᎳᏙᏗ ᏙᎾᏕ ᎶᏆᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎥᎴᏂᏙᎲ agatohvsdi.

Bacterial ᏔᎵ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎪᎷᏩᏛᏓ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ E. coli, ᎠᎴ E. coli ᎤᎾᎵᏃᎯᏴᎯ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎠᎴᏅᏗ ᏗᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᏔᎵ.

E. coli ᏗᏁᎶᏗ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎠᏛᏁᎵᏍᎩ ᎤᏍᏆᎸᎡᎲ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎪᎯᏊ ᎢᏴ ᏥᎩ biological ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ. Researchers ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎦᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ "ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎤᏃᏢᏗ" ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎡᏆ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ DNA ᎠᎴ/ᎠᎴ ᏤᎵ. ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎢᎬᏱ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏓ ᏗᏔᏲᏍᏙᏗ recombinant DNA ᎠᏏᎾᏒᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏛᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏒᎾᏍᏗ E. coli ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᏴᏫ insulin ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎤᏢᎩ ᎬᏙᏗ diabetes.

[edit] ᏫᏓᏎᎸᎢ

1. ↑ Template:Cite journal

[edit] ᎤᏓᏎᎦᏤᏗ ᏗᏕᎬᏔᏛ

• Encyclopedia of Escherichia coli Genes and Metabolism (EcoCyc)
• The Presence of Coliform Bacteria in Canadian Pulp and Paper Mill Water Systems - a Cause for Concern? - ᎾᎥᎢ ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ. F. Archibald (ᎠᏓᏓᎶᏙᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ)
• Coliform Bacteria and Nitrogen Fixation in Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Treatment Systems - ᎾᎥᎢ ᏗᏕᎶᏆᏍᎩ. F. Archibald (ᎧᎵ ᏓᎵᏍᏛ)
• Investigation of a UK outbreak by Brian Deer
• The E. coli index: resource for E. coli as a model organism
• coliBASE: a comparative genomics database for E. coli
• EchoBASE: an integrated post-genomic database for E. coli
• E. coli Statistics
• E. coli computational and real Models
• Scientists engineer bacteria to create living photographs
• Scientists are synthetically engineering E. coli that can target and kill cancer cells

Template:Model Organisms