사용자:이형주/스페인 페세타

위키백과 ― 우리 모두의 백과사전.

이형주/스페인 페세타
스페인어: peseta española


3 × 500 페세타	200 pesetas - Madrid European Capital of Culture - 1992

ISO 4217 ESP

사용 국가 스페인, 안도라

통화 팽창률 1.4%

출처 Cámara Gipuzcoa, 1998

ERM

가입 날짜 1989년 6월 19일

고정환율 시작 날짜 1998년 12월 31일

€로 대체 날짜 (비현금） 1999년 1월 1일

€로 대체 날짜 (현금） 2002년 1월 1일

€ = 166.386 ₧

보조단위

1/100 센티모 (céntimo)
인플레이션 때문에, 센티모 (céntimos) 는 더 이상 사용되지 않았다.

기호 ₧ (거의 안 씀)

동전

자주 사용되는 동전 1, 5, 25, 100, 500 ₧

드물게 사용되는 동전 10, 50, 200 ₧

지폐

자주 사용되는 지폐 1000, 2000, 5000, 10000 ₧

드물게 사용되는 지폐 200, 500 ₧

중앙은행 Banco de España

웹사이트 www.bde.es

인쇄처 Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre

웹사이트 www.fnmt.es

민트 Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre

웹사이트 www.fnmt.es

이 요약 표는 이 통화가 대체되기 직전의 상태를 보여준다.

페세타는 1869년에서 2002년까지 스페인에서 통화로 쓰였던 화폐의 이름이다. 프랑스 프랑과 함께 안도라에서 공식 화폐의 지위기를 누리기도 했다. 페세타는 소단위로 100 센티모스(céntimos)씩 나뉘며 보통은 4 레알레스(reales) 단위로도 쓰였지만 이러한 현상은 1970년대부터 사라졌다.

[편집] 어원

페세타라는 명칭의 어원은 카탈루냐 어에서 유래했다고 전하며 원래의 의미는 "작은 조각"인 것으로 추정된다. 여러 스페인어 및 기타 고대언어를 추정해보건대 -eta라는 어미는 대개 수 형용사로, 여성형이었다. 현재의 페소 화 또한 이러한 영향이 수많은 세월에 걸쳐 변형된 것이 아닌가 하는 학자들도 있다. 페세타라는 용어는 푸에르토리코에서 25센트를 나타내는 말이기도 하다.

[편집] 역사

스페인에 1869년 도입된 페세타 화는 사실 그 전년도에 라틴 화폐협회에 등재 된후 스페인 국내법 발표에 따라 도입된 것이었다. 당시에는 협회에 등재된 모든 국가의 화폐가 교환될 수 있도록 비율을 정해놓고 있었는데 당시의 기준은 1 페소 두로=5페세타였다. The peseta was introduced in 1869 after Spain joined the Latin Monetary Union in 1868. The Spanish Law of June 26, 1864 decreed, in prepare to join the Latin Monetary Union (set up in 1865),that the peseta was a subdivision of the peso with 1 Peso Duro = 5 Pesetas.The peseta replaced the escudo at a rate of 2½ pesetas = 1 escudo. The peseta was equal to 4.5 grams of silver or 0.290322 grams of gold, the standard used by all the currencies of the Latin Monetary Union. From 1873, only the gold standard applied. The political turbulence of the early 20th century caused the monetary union to break up, although it was not until 1927 that the union came to an official end.

In 1959, Spain became part of the Bretton Woods System, pegging the peseta at a value of 60 pesetas = 1 U.S. dollar. In 1967, the peseta followed the devaluation of the British pound, maintaining the exchange rate of 168 pesetas = 1 pound and establishing a new rate of 70 pesetas = 1 U.S. dollar.

페세타는 1999년에 스페인이 유로화를 쓰는 것이 확정되면서 2002년에 유로화로 대체되었다. 당시 환율은 1 유로 = 166.386 페세타였다.

[편집] 동전

통화기호 • ¤

฿ • ₵ • ¢ • ₡ • B/. • ₫ • € • ƒ • ₲ • Kč • ₭
£ • ₤ • ₥ • ₦ • ₱ • P • R • RM • ₨ • руб • Sk
৲ • S/. • ৳ • R$ • $ • ₮ • ₩ • ¥ • zł • ₴ • ₪

옛 기호
₳ • ₢ • $ • ₰ • ₯ • ₠
₣ • Lm • ℳ • ₧ • I/.• Kčs

1869년에서 1870년까지 1, 2, 5, 10, 50 센티모스가 도입되고 1, 2, 5 페세타도 생겨났다. 가장 낮은 4개의 동전은 구리로 주조되었다가 1877년부터는 청동으로 주조물이 바뀌었다. 50, 1, 2 페세타는 은화였고 금화 25페세타도 1876년에 새롭게 발행되기 시작하였다. 18889년에는 20페세타 동전이 생겨나는 대신 25페세타가 사라졌다. 1897년에는 계속된 화폐 가치의 영향으로 100 페세타 주화가 발행되기 시작하였다. 1904년에는 금화 발행이 전면 중단되면서 은화 체제로 바뀌게 되었고 마지막 청동제 동전은 1912년을 끝으로 생산을 마감하였다.

Coin production resumed in 1925 with the introduction of cupro-nickel 25 céntimos. In 1926, a final issue of silver 50 céntimos was made, followed by the introduction of a holed version of the 25 céntimos in 1927.

In 1934, the Second Spanish Republic issued coins for 25 and 50 céntimos and 1 peseta. The 25 céntimos and silver 1 peseta were the same size and composition as the earlier Royal issues, whilst the 50 céntimos was struck in copper. In 1937, an iron 5 céntimos coins was introduced along with a brass 1 peseta. The last Republican issue was a holed, copper 25 céntimos in 1938.

During the Civil War, a number of local coinages were issued by both Republican and Nationalist forces. In 1936, the following pieces were issued by the Nationalists:

District	Denominations
Cazalla de Sierra	10 céntimos
Arahal	50 céntimos, 1, 2 pesetas
Lora del Rio	25 céntimos
Marchena	25 céntimos
La Puebla de Cazalla	10, 25 céntimos

The following issues were made by Republican forces in 1937:

District	Denominations
Arenys de Mar	50 céntimos, 1 peseta
Asturias and Leon	50 céntimos, 1, 2 pesetas
Euskadi	1, 2 pesetas
Ibi	25 céntimos, 1 peseta
L'Ametlla del Vallès	25, 50 céntimos, 1 peseta
Menorca	5, 10, 25 céntimos, 1, 2½ pesetas
Nulles	5, 10, 25, 50 céntimos, 1 peseta
Olot	10 céntimos
Santander, Palencia and Burgos	50 céntimos, 1 peseta
Segarra de Gaià	1 peseta

The Nationalists issued their first national coins in 1937. These were holed, cupro-nickel 25 céntimos minted in Vienna. Following the end of the Civil War, the Nationalist government introduced aluminium 5 and 10 céntimos in 1940, followed by aluminium-bronze 1 peseta coins in 1944.

In 1948, the first 1 peseta coins bearing the portrait of Francisco Franco were issued. Nickel 5 pesetas followed in 1949. In 1951, holed, cupro-nickel 50 céntimos were introduced, followed by aluminium-bronze 2½ pesetas in 1954, cupro-nickel 25 and 50 pesetas in 1958 and smaller aluminium 10 céntimos in 1959. Silver 100 pesetas were issued between 1966 and 1969, with aluminium 50 céntimos introduced in 1967.

틀:Coin image box 2 singles Following the accession of King Juan Carlos, the only change to the coinage was the introduction of cupro-nickel 100 pesetas in 1976. However, more significant changes occurred in 1982. The 50 céntimos was discontinued, with aluminium 1 and 2 pesetas and aluminium-bronze 100 pesetas introduced. Cupro-nickel 10 pesetas were introduced in 1983. Cupro-nickel 200 pesetas were introduced in 1986, followed by aluminium-cupro-nickel 500 pesetas in 1987. In 1989, the size of the 1 peseta coin was significantly reduced and aluminium bronze 5 pesetas were introduced. Nickel-bronze 25 pesetas and smaller 50 pesetas were introduced in 1990, along with larger 200 pesetas.

Until 19 June 2001, the following coins were minted by the Spanish Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre:

Value	€ equiv.	Diameter	Weight	Composition
1 ₧	0.006 (0.01)	14 mm	0.55 g	Aluminium
5 ₧	0.03	17.5 mm	3 g	Aluminium bronze
10 ₧	0.06	18.5 mm	3 g	Cupronickel
25 ₧	0.15	19.5 mm	4.25 g	Aluminium bronze
50 ₧	0.30	20.5 mm	5.60 g	Cupronickel
100 ₧	0.60	24.5 mm	9.25 g	Aluminium bronze
200 ₧	1.20	25.5 mm	10.5 g	Cupronickel
500 ₧	3.01	28 mm	12 gr	Aluminium bronze

The 50 pesetas coins issued between 1990 and 2000 were the first that featured the Spanish flower shape.

Spanish flower

[편집] 지폐

In 1874, the Banco de España introduced notes for 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 pesetas. Except for the 250 pesetas notes only issued in 1878, the denominations produced by the Banco de España did not change until the Civil War, when both the Republicans and Nationalists issued Banco de España notes.

In 1936, the Republicans issued 5 and 10 pesetas notes. The Ministry of Finance (Ministerio de Hacienda) introduced notes for 50 céntimos, 1 and 2 pesetas in 1938, as well as issuing stamp money (consisting of postage or revenue stamps affixed to cardboard disks) in denominations of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 45, 50 and 60 céntimos.

The first Nationalist Banco de España issues were made in 1936, in denominations of 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 pesetas. 1 and 2 pesetas notes were added in 1937. From the mid 1940s, denominations issued were 1, 5, 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 pesetas. The 1, 5, 25 and 50 pesetas were all replaced by coins by the late 1950s.

In 1978, 5000 pesetas notes were introduced. The 100 pesetas note was replaced by a coin in 1982, with 2000 pesetas notes introduced in 1983, 200 pesetas in 1984 and 10,000 pesetas in 1987. The 200 and 500 pesetas notes were replaced by coins in 1986 and 1987.

The penultimate series of banknotes was introduced between 1982 and 1987 and remained legal tender until the introduction of the euro.

액면	유로 환산 가격	크기	색	초상
200 ₧	1.20	120 × 65 밀리미터	주황색	Leopoldo Alas
500 ₧	3.01	129 × 70 밀리미터	암청색	Rosalía de Castro
1000 ₧	6.01	138 × 75 밀리미터	녹색	Benito Pérez Galdós
2000 ₧	12.02	147 × 80 밀리미터	빨간색	Juan Ramón Jiménez
5000 ₧	30.05	156 × 85 밀리미터	갈색	스페인의 후안 카를로스 1세
10000 ₧	60.10	165 × 85 밀리미터	회색	스페인의 후안 카를로스 1세 와 아스투리아스 지방의 펠리페 왕자

The last banknotes series (1992) was:

Value	€ equiv.	Dimensions	Colour	Portrait
1000 ₧	6.01	130 × 65 mm	Green	Hernán Cortés and Francisco Pizarro
2000 ₧	12.02	138 × 68 mm	Red	José Celestino Mutis
5000 ₧	30.05	146 × 71 mm	Brown	Christopher Columbus
10 000 ₧	60.10	154 × 74 mm	Gray	Juan Carlos I of Spain and Jorge Juan y Santacilia

[편집] "Andorran" peseta

The Andorran peseta (ADP) was a 1:1 peg to the Spanish peseta. As Andorra used coins and banknotes from Spain, there was no separate Andorran peseta, and they were convertible into normal pesetas.

[편집] 유로화 이후

The peseta was replaced by the euro (€) in 1999 on currency exchange boards. Euro coins and notes were introduced in January 2002, and in March 1, 2002, the peseta lost its legal tender status in Spain (also in Andorra). The exchange rate was 1 euro = 166.386 ESP

Peseta notes and coins that were legal tender on December 31, 2001, remain exchangeable indefinitely at any branch of the central bank.

[편집] Symbol

Traditionally, there was never a single symbol nor special character for the spanish peseta. Common abbreviations were "Pt", "Pta", "Pts" and "Ptas", and even using superior letters: "P^tas".

Common earlier spanish models of mechanic typewriters had the expression "Pts" in a single type (₧), as a shorthand intended to fill a single type space (₧) in tables instead of three (Pts).

Later, spanish models of IBM electric typewriters also included the same type in its repertorie.

When the first IBM PC was designed circa 1980, it included a "peseta symbol" ₧ in the ROM of the Monochrome Display Adapter (MDA) and Color Graphics Adapter (CGA) video output cards' hardware, with the code number 158. This original character set chart becomes later the MS-DOS code page 437.

Some spreadsheet software for PC under MS-DOS, as Lotus 1-2-3, employed this character as the peseta symbol in their spanish editions.

Subsequent international MS-DOS code pages, like code page 850 and others, deprecated this character in favour of some other national characters, so the "peseta symbol" life was brief.

In order to guarantee the interchange with previous encodings (namely, the code page 437 in this case), the international standard Unicode includes this character as U+20A7 PESETA SIGN in its Currency Symbols block. Out of that, the use of the "peseta symbol" standalone is extremely rare, and it is outdated since the adoption of the euro in Spain.

[편집] 같이 보기

Latin Monetary Union (1865-1927)
미국-스페인 전쟁 (1898)
제1차 세계 대전 (1914-1918/1919)
스페인 내전 (1936년~ 1939년)
Latin Union (1954년 부터)
European Union (1957년 부터)
유로 (From 1999/2002)
Spanish euro coins
Commemorative coins of Spain
스페인의 경제

[편집] References

틀:Refbegin

틀:Numis cite SCWC
틀:Numis cite SCWPM

틀:Refend

[편집] 바깥 고리

틀:Standard numismatics external links

틀:Start box

틀:Succession box

틀:End box

^ 1999 by law, 2002 de facto.

v · d · e

유로 관련 주제

화제

언어적 문제 · 유로 고정 환율 · 유로 기호 · 유로존 · 오일 유로

관리

유럽 중앙은행 (ESCB • 유로시스템 • 중앙은행장) · 경제 통화 연합 · 에코핀 · 안정과 성장 협정 · 유로그룹

역사

스네이크 체제 · 유럽 통화 시스템 (I: ECU • II: ERM • III: EMU) · 유럽 통화 연구소 · 도입 · 확장

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