Nepenthes gymnamphora

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Nepenthes gymnamphora

Young plant with lower pitchers. Java.

Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Magnoliophyta
Class:	Magnoliopsida
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Nepenthaceae
Genus:	Nepenthes
Species:	N. gymnamphora

Binomial name

Nepenthes gymnamphora
Reinw. ex Nees (1824)

Distribution of N. gymnamphora. (incomplete)

Synonyms

Nepenthes melamphora
auct. non Reinw. ex Bl.: Hook.f. (1859)
[=N. gymnamphora/N. khasiana]
Nepenthes melamphora
Reinw. ex Bl. (1852) nom.illeg.
Nepenthes melamphora var. haematamphora (Miq.) Miq. (1858)
Nepenthes melamphora var. lucida Bl. (1852)
Nepenthes melamphora var. tomentella Becc. (1886)
Nepenthes rosulata
Tamin & M.Hotta in M.Hotta (1986) nom.nud.
Nepenthes singalana
auct. non Becc.: Tamin & M.Hotta in M.Hotta (1986) [=N. carunculata/N. densiflora?/N. gymnamphora/N. pectinata/N. singalana/N. spathulata]

Nepenthes gymnamphora (pronounced /nəˈpɛnθiːz ɡɪmnˈæmfɔːɹə/, from Greek: gymnos = naked, amphoreus = pitcher) is a tropical pitcher plant native to at least the Indonesian island of Java. There is much confusion surrounding the status of this species and the closely related N. pectinata and N. xiphioides.

Morphological differences between N. gymnamphora* and N. xiphioides (Salmon & Maulder, 1995)
Morphological character N. gymnamphora N. xiphioides

Longitudinal leaf veins 3-6 running in outer 2/3- 4/5 of blade 2-3 running in outer 1/2 of blade

Leaf margins covered with short dense hair glabrous

Rosette leaf tendril about as long as the pitcher 2-3 times as long as the leaf

Rosette pitchers 8-12 cm tall, 3-4 cm broad 4-5.5 cm tall, 1.5-2 cm broad

Aerial pitchers present absent

Peristome teeth 3-6 times as long as broad 6-8 times as long as broad

Inflorescence mostly 2 flowered, upper most ones 1 flowered; rarely most or all of them 1 flowered 1 flowered but bearing some 2 flowered pedicels in lower 1/3

Staminal column hairy at base or over whole length glabrous

Morphological differences between *N. gymnamphora** and *N. xiphioides* (Salmon & Maulder, 1995)
Morphological character	N. gymnamphora	N. xiphioides
Longitudinal leaf veins	3-6 running in outer 2/3- 4/5 of blade	2-3 running in outer 1/2 of blade
Leaf margins	covered with short dense hair	glabrous
Rosette leaf tendril	about as long as the pitcher	2-3 times as long as the leaf
Rosette pitchers	8-12 cm tall, 3-4 cm broad	4-5.5 cm tall, 1.5-2 cm broad
Aerial pitchers	present	absent
Peristome teeth	3-6 times as long as broad	6-8 times as long as broad
Inflorescence	mostly 2 flowered, upper most ones 1 flowered; rarely most or all of them 1 flowered	1 flowered but bearing some 2 flowered pedicels in lower 1/3
Staminal column	hairy at base or over whole length	glabrous

* Salmon & Maulder (1995) treat N. pectinata as conspecific with N. gymnamphora.

[edit] Infraspecific taxa

Nepenthes gymnamphora var. haematamphora Miq. (1851)
Nepenthes gymnamphora var. pectinata (Danser) Hort.Westphal (1999) in sched. [=N. pectinata]

[edit] References

Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba (2000). Nepenthes gymnamphora. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 10 May 2006.
Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
Danser, B.H. 1928. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Bulletin de Jardin de Botanique, Buitenzorg, Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.
Oye, P.v. 1921. Zur Biologie der kanne von Nepenthes melamphora Reinw.. Biologisches Zentralblatt 41: 529–534.
Salmon, B.R. & R.G. Maulder 1995. Two New Species of Nepenthes from North Sumatra, Indonesia. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 24(3): 77-85.