Nepenthes alata
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 N. alata upper pitcher. Mount Ambucao, Luzon.
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| Nepenthes alata Blanco (1837) |
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Nepenthes alata (pronounced /nəˈpɛnθiːz əlɑːtə/, Latin: alatus = winged) is a species of pitcher plant native to the Philippines. It is one of the easiest and most popular Nepenthes species in cultivation.
N. alata occurs in mossy forest at elevations ranging from 800 to 2,400 m.[1]
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[edit] Taxonomy
N. alata is closely related to several other species, including N. copelandii, N. eustachya, N. mindanaoensis, N. philippinensis, and N. saranganiensis.
| Morphological character | N. alata | N. eustachya |
|---|---|---|
| Leaf blade | lanceolate-ovate | lanceolate |
| Leaf apex | acute or attenuate | rounded to sub-peltate |
| Petiole | broadly winged | scarcely or not winged |
| Spur | simple, acutely pointed | simple or bifurcate |
| Indumentum | reddish or whitish hairs | absent throughout |
| Structure of pitcher base | texture similar to rest of pitcher, abruptly attenuate to tendril | angular, woody, gradually attenuate to tendril |
[edit] Infraspecific taxa
- N. alata f. variegata Hort. ex Mann (1996) nom.nud.
- N. alata var. biflora Macfarl. (1908)
- N. alata var. ecristata Macfarl. (1908)
[edit] Natural hybrids
- N. alata × N. merrilliana [=N. × merrilliata][2]
- ? (N. alata × N. merrilliana) × N. mirabilis [=N. × tsangoya]
- ? N. alata × N. mirabilis [=N. × mirabilata]
- N. alata × N. truncata [=N. × truncalata][2]
- N. alata × N. ventricosa [=N. × ventrata]
N. × mirabilata (N. alata × N. mirabilis) and N. × tsangoya ((N. alata × N. merrilliana) × N. mirabilis) were mentioned as natural hybrids in Guide to Nepenthes Hybrids (1995), however the known ranges of the parent species do not overlap in the wild.
[edit] References
- ^ Clarke, C.M., R. Cantley, J. Nerz, H. Rischer & A. Witsuba (2000). Nepenthes alata. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 12 May 2006.
- ^ a b Mann, P. 1998. A trip to the Philippines. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 27(1): 6–11.
- Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 1999. Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) in Palawan, Philippines. Kew Bulletin 54(4): 887–895. doi:10.2307/4111166
[edit] Further reading
- An, C.-I., E.-I. Fukusaki & A. Kobayashi 2001. Plasma-membrane H+-ATPases are expressed in pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes alata Blanco. Planta 212(4): 547–555. doi:10.1007/s004250000455
- An, C.-I., E.-I. Fukusaki & A. Kobayashi 2002. Aspartic proteinases are expressed in pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes alata Blanco. Planta 214(5): 661–667. doi:10.1007/s004250100665
- An, C.-I., S. Takekawa, A. Okazawa, E.-I. Fukusaki & A. Kobayashi 2002. Degradation of a peptide in pitcher fluid of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes alata Blanco. Planta 215(3): 472–477. doi:10.1007/s00425-002-0768-7
- Gaume, L., S. Gorb & N. Rowe 2002. Function of epidermal surfaces in the trapping efficiency of Nepenthes alata pitchers. New Phytologist 156(3): 479–489. doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00530.x
- Gorb, E.V., K. Haas, A. Henrich, S. Enders, N. Barbakadze & S. Gorb 2005. Composite structure of the crystalline epicuticular wax layer of the slippery zone in the pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes alata and its effect on insect attachment. Journal of Experimental Biology 208: 4651–4662. doi:10.1242/jeb.01939
- Gorb, E.V. & S.N. Gorb 2006. Physicochemical properties of functional surfaces in pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes alata Blanco (Nepenthaceae). Plant Biology (Stuttgart, Germany) 8(6): 841–848. PubMed
- Hatano, N. & T. Hamada 2008. Proteome Analysis of Pitcher Fluid of the Carnivorous Plant Nepenthes alata. Journal of Proteome Research 7(2): 809–816. doi:10.1021/pr700566d
- Kajii, E., T. Kamesaki, S. Ikemoto & Y. Miura 1988. Decomposing enzymes against human blood-group antigens in the extract of Nepenthes alata. Die Naturwissenschaften 75(5): 258–259. PubMed
- Kajii, E., T. Kamesaki & S. Ikemoto 1991. The effect of the Nepenthes alata extract on the cold agglutinin-associated antigens. Nihon Hōigaku Zasshi 45(1): 30–32. PubMed
- Kamesaki, T., E. Kajii & S. Ikemoto 1989. Purification of the decomposing enzyme from Nepenthes alata against glycophorin B of human red blood cells by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography 489(2): 384–389. PubMed
- Owen, T.P. & K.A. Lennon 1999. Structure and Development of the Pitchers from the Carnivorous Plant Nepenthes alata (Nepenthaceae).PDF American Journal of Botany 86(10): 1382–1390.
- Owen, T.P., K.A. Lennon, M.J. Santo & A.N. Anderson 1999. Pathways for Nutrient Transport in the Pitchers of the Carnivorous Plant Nepenthes alata.PDF Annals of Botany 84: 459–466.
- Pavlovič, A., E. Masarovičová & J. Hudák 2007. Carnivorous Syndrome in Asian Pitcher Plants of the Genus Nepenthes. Annals of Botany 100(3): 527–536. doi:10.1093/aob/mcm145
- Riedel, M., A. Eichner & R. Jetter 2003. Slippery surfaces of carnivorous plants: composition of epicuticular wax crystals in Nepenthes alata Blanco pitchers. Planta 218(1): 87–97. doi:10.1007/s00425-003-1075-7
- Santo, M.J., J.S. Massa, & T.P. Owen 1998. Glandular secretion and absorption in the carnivorous pitcher plant Nepenthes alata. American Journal of Botany 85(supplement): 92.
- Sota, T., M. Mogi & K. Kato 1998. Local and Regional-Scale Food Web Structure in Nepenthes alata Pitchers. Biotropica 30(1): 82–91. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7429.1998.tb00371.x
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