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List of mammals in China - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of mammals in China

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Giant Panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, is the national animal of China
The Giant Panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, is the national animal of China

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in China. There are 495 mammal species in China, of which 13 are critically endangered, 24 are endangered, 47 are vulnerable, and 7 are near-threatened. 1 of the species listed for China can no longer be found in the wild.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR Critically Endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT Near Threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC Least Concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD Data Deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

LR/cd Lower Risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/nt Lower Risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as Vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lc Lower Risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks.

Contents

[edit] Subclass: Theria

[edit] Infraclass: Eutheria

[edit] Order: Proboscidea (elephants)

Asian Elephant
Asian Elephant

The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

[edit] Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

Dugong
Dugong

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

[edit] Order: Scandentia (treeshrews)

The treeshrews are small mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. Although called treeshrews, they are not true shrews and are not all arboreal.

[edit] Order: Primates

Stump-tailed Macaque
Stump-tailed Macaque
Francois' Langur
Francois' Langur

The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World.

[edit] Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Indian Porcupine
Indian Porcupine
Northern Birch Mouse
Northern Birch Mouse
Campbell's dwarf hamster
Campbell's dwarf hamster
Bank Vole
Bank Vole
Meriones unguiculatus
Meriones unguiculatus
Striped Field Mouse
Striped Field Mouse
Brown Rat
Brown Rat

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

[edit] Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

Northern Pika
Northern Pika
Mountain Hare
Mountain Hare

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

[edit] Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

Long-eared Hedgehog
Long-eared Hedgehog

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

[edit] Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

Lesser White-toothed Shrew
Lesser White-toothed Shrew
Asian House Shrew
Asian House Shrew
Eurasian Pygmy Shrew
Eurasian Pygmy Shrew

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

[edit] Order: Chiroptera (bats)

Daubenton's bat
Daubenton's bat
Serotine bat
Serotine bat
Lesser Noctule
Lesser Noctule
Brown long-eared bat
Brown long-eared bat

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

[edit] Order: Pholidota (pangolins)

Sunda Pangolin
Sunda Pangolin

The order Philodota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

[edit] Order: Cetacea (whales)

Harbour Porpoise
Harbour Porpoise
Pygmy Sperm Whale
Pygmy Sperm Whale
Pantropical Spotted Dolphin
Pantropical Spotted Dolphin

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

[edit] Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

Jungle Cat
Jungle Cat
Marbled Cat
Marbled Cat
Leopard Cat
Leopard Cat
Clouded Leopard
Clouded Leopard
Tiger
Tiger
Corsac Fox
Corsac Fox
Asiatic Black Bear
Asiatic Black Bear
Black-striped Weasel
Black-striped Weasel
Beech Marten
Beech Marten
Bearded Seal
Bearded Seal

The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

[edit] Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

Kiang
Kiang

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

[edit] Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

Siberian Musk Deer
Siberian Musk Deer
Thorold's deer
Thorold's deer
Hairy-fronted muntjac
Hairy-fronted muntjac
Saiga Antelope
Saiga Antelope
Gaur
Gaur
Takin
Takin

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.

[edit] References

[edit] See also

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