Siberian Flying Squirrel
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Siberian Flying Squirrel | ||||||||||||||
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 Flying squirrel next to nesthole
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| Pteromys volans (Linnaeus, 1758) |
The Siberian Flying Squirrel (Pteromys volans) is an Old World flying squirrel with a range from western Finland and the Baltic states to the Pacific coast. It is the only species of flying squirrel found in Europe, and is considered vulnerable within the European Union.
A female Siberian Flying Squirrel weighs about 150 grams, the males being slightly smaller on average. The body is 13–20 cm long, with a 9–14 cm long flattened tail. The eyes are large and strikingly black. The coat is gray all over, the abdomen being slightly lighter than the back, with a black stripe between the neck and the forelimb. A distinctive feature of flying squirrels is the furry glide membrane or patagium, a flap of skin that stretches between the front and rear legs. By spreading this membrane the flying squirrel may glide from tree to tree across distances of over a hundred meters.
The diet of a Siberian Flying Squirrel consists of leaves, seeds, cones, buds, sprouts, nuts, berries and occasionally bird eggs and nestlings. When alder and birch catkins are plentiful, the squirrel may store them for the winter in old woodpecker holes or similar nooks.
The squirrels are preyed upon by martens, owls, and cats.
Siberian Flying Squirrels mate early in the spring. In southern Finland the first mating season begins in late March, with a second mating season occurring in April. After a gestation period of five weeks, the female gives birth to a litter of usually two or three young, each weighing about 5 grams. Siberian Flying Squirrels preferentially build their nest in holes made by woodpeckers, but they may also nest in birdhouses if the size of the entrance is appropriate. The nest consists of a pile of soft materials (preferably soft beard lichen) into which the squirrel burrows. A Siberian Flying Squirrel can live up to about five years.
Siberian Flying Squirrels favor old forests with a mix of conifers and deciduous trees. They are mostly nocturnal, being most active late in the evening, although females with young may also feed during the day. Siberian Flying Squirrels do not hibernate, but in the winter they may sometimes sleep continuously for several days. As shy and nocturnal animals, Siberian Flying Squirrels are seldom seen. The most common sign of their presence are their droppings, which resemble orange-yellow rice grains and are often found beneath or on top of their nest.
[edit] References
- Amori (1996). Pteromys volans. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006.
[edit] External links
- Bird Box Cam, includes pictures of Siberian Flying Squirrels nesting in a birdhouse in Helsinki.
- Pteromys volans at Animal Diversity Web.
- Images and text in Swedish about Pteromys volans.
