Jânio Quadros
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Jânio Quadros | |
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25th President of Brazil
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| In office January 31, 1961 – August 25, 1961 |
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| Vice President | João Goulart |
| Preceded by | Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira |
| Succeeded by | João Goulart |
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| In office January 31, 1955 – January 31, 1959 |
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| Preceded by | Lucas Nogueira Garcez |
| Succeeded by | Carlos Alberto Alves de Carvalho Pinto |
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| In office January 1, 1986 – December 31, 1988 |
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| Preceded by | Mário Covas |
| Succeeded by | Luiza Erundina |
| In office January 18, 1955 – February 5, 1955 |
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| Preceded by | José Porfírio da Paz |
| Succeeded by | William Salem |
| In office April 8, 1953 – July 6, 1954 |
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| Preceded by | Armando de Arruda Pereira |
| Succeeded by | José Porfírio da Paz |
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| Born | January 25, 1917 Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul |
| Died | February 16, 1992 (aged 75) São Paulo, São Paulo |
| Nationality | Brazilian |
| Political party | Various |
Jânio da Silva Quadros (pronunciation pron. IPA: ['ʒɐnju da 'siwva 'kwadɾus]) (January 25, 1917, in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul —February 16, 1992, in São Paulo) was a Brazilian politician who served briefly as President of Brazil in 1961.
Quadros's meteoric career can be attributed to his widespread use of populist rhetoric and his extravagant behavior. He became mayor of the city of São Paulo in 1953 and governor of the state of São Paulo just two years later, in 1955. He was elected president of Brazil by a landslide in 1960, taking office on January 31, 1961.
Quadros laid the blame for the country's high rate of inflation on his predecessor, Juscelino Kubitschek. As president, Quadros outlawed gambling, banned women from wearing bikinis on the beach, and established relations with the Soviet Union and Cuba (for getting into a neutral international policy). In a move intended to win him even greater power, he resigned on August 25, 1961, expecting to return to the presidency by acclamation of the Brazilian people or by request of the National Congress of Brazil and the Military which, scared about the possibility of the leftist vice-president João Goulart taking oath as President, would refuse Quadros' resignation. This maneuver, however, was immediately rejected by the Brazilian legislature, which accepted his resignation and called on the President of the Congress, Pascoal Ranieri Mazzilli, to assume office until the leftist vice-president came back from his trip on East Asia. Goulart finally took oath as President on September 7, 1961, even though after having his power tied down due to a Parliamentarist amendment to the Constitution.
Quadros' resignation initiated a serious political crisis that culminated in a military coup in 1964. While the military did not allow him to participate in politics, by the 1980s Quadros had made a comeback. He joined the Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro, and was candidate for governor of São Paulo in 1982, only to be defeated by André Franco Montoro. Nevertheless, he was re-elected mayor of São Paulo in 1985, defeating the favored candidate, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, later president of Brazil. Quadros served as mayor until 1988. He died in São Paulo in 1992.
[edit] See also
| Preceded by Armando de Arruda Pereira |
Mayor of São Paulo 1953 – 1954 |
Succeeded by José Porfírio da Paz |
| Preceded by Lucas Nogueira Garcez |
Governor of São Paulo 1955 – 1959 |
Succeeded by Carlos Alberto Alves de Carvalho Pinto |
| Preceded by Juscelino Kubitschek |
President of Brazil 1961 |
Succeeded by João Goulart |
| Preceded by Mário Covas |
Mayor of São Paulo 1985 – 1988 |
Succeeded by Luiza Erundina |
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