GRIN1

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 1

Identifiers

GRIN1; NMDA1; NMDAR1; NR1

External IDs

OMIM: 138249 MGI: 95819 HomoloGene: 7187

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• magnesium ion binding • motor activity • receptor activity • ionotropic glutamate receptor activity • N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity • ion channel activity • extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity • calcium ion binding • protein binding • glycine binding • glutamate binding • extracellular-glycine-gated ion channel activity
Cellular Component:	• membrane • integral to membrane • N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor complex • dendrite • growth cone • postsynaptic membrane
Biological Process:	• ion transport • cation transport • cellular calcium ion homeostasis • glutamate signaling pathway • synaptic transmission • learning and/or memory • response to ethanol • regulation of synaptic plasticity

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

Refseq

NM_000832 (mRNA)
NP_000823 (protein)

NM_008169 (mRNA)
NP_032195 (protein)

Location

Chr 9: 139.15 - 139.18 Mb

Chr 2: 25.11 - 25.14 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 1, also known as GRIN1, is a human gene.^[1]

The protein encoded by this gene is a critical subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, members of the glutamate receptor channel superfamily which are heteromeric protein complexes with multiple subunits arranged to form a ligand-gated ion channel. These subunits play a key role in the plasticity of synapses, which is believed to underlie memory and learning. The gene consists of 21 exons and is alternatively spliced, producing transcript variants differing in the C-terminus. Although the sequence of exon 5 is identical in human and rat, the alternative exon 5 splicing in rat has yet to be demonstrated in human. Cell-specific factors are thought to control expression of different isoforms, possibly contributing to the functional diversity of the subunits.^[1]

[edit] See also

NMDA receptor

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b Entrez Gene: GRIN1 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 1.

[edit] Further reading

Lin JW, Wyszynski M, Madhavan R, et al. (1998). "Yotiao, a novel protein of neuromuscular junction and brain that interacts with specific splice variants of NMDA receptor subunit NR1.". J. Neurosci. 18 (6): 2017-27. PMID 9482789.
Schröder HC, Perovic S, Kavsan V, et al. (1998). "Mechanisms of prionSc- and HIV-1 gp120 induced neuronal cell death.". Neurotoxicology 19 (4-5): 683-8. PMID 9745929.
Adriani W, Felici A, Sargolini F, et al. (1999). "N-methyl-D-aspartate and dopamine receptor involvement in the modulation of locomotor activity and memory processes.". Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale 123 (1-2): 52-9. PMID 9835392.
Dingledine R, Borges K, Bowie D, Traynelis SF (1999). "The glutamate receptor ion channels.". Pharmacol. Rev. 51 (1): 7-61. PMID 10049997.
King JE, Eugenin EA, Buckner CM, Berman JW (2006). "HIV tat and neurotoxicity.". Microbes Infect. 8 (5): 1347-57. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2005.11.014. PMID 16697675.
Monyer H, Sprengel R, Schoepfer R, et al. (1992). "Heteromeric NMDA receptors: molecular and functional distinction of subtypes.". Science 256 (5060): 1217-21. PMID 1350383.
Zimmer M, Fink TM, Franke Y, et al. (1995). "Cloning and structure of the gene encoding the human N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR1).". Gene 159 (2): 219-23. PMID 7622053.
Karp SJ, Masu M, Eki T, et al. (1993). "Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of the key subunit of the human N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor.". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (5): 3728-33. PMID 7679115.
Younkin DP, Tang CM, Hardy M, et al. (1993). "Inducible expression of neuronal glutamate receptor channels in the NT2 human cell line.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (6): 2174-8. PMID 7681588.
Planells-Cases R, Sun W, Ferrer-Montiel AV, Montal M (1993). "Molecular cloning, functional expression, and pharmacological characterization of an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit from human brain.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (11): 5057-61. PMID 7685113.
Magnuson DS, Knudsen BE, Geiger JD, et al. (1995). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat activates non-N-methyl-D-aspartate excitatory amino acid receptors and causes neurotoxicity.". Ann. Neurol. 37 (3): 373-80. doi:10.1002/ana.410370314. PMID 7695237.
Foldes RL, Rampersad V, Kamboj RK (1994). "Cloning and sequence analysis of additional splice variants encoding human N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (hNR1) subunits.". Gene 147 (2): 303-4. PMID 7926821.
Sheng M, Cummings J, Roldan LA, et al. (1994). "Changing subunit composition of heteromeric NMDA receptors during development of rat cortex.". Nature 368 (6467): 144-7. doi:10.1038/368144a0. PMID 8139656.
Tingley WG, Roche KW, Thompson AK, Huganir RL (1993). "Regulation of NMDA receptor phosphorylation by alternative splicing of the C-terminal domain.". Nature 364 (6432): 70-3. doi:10.1038/364070a0. PMID 8316301.
Foldes RL, Rampersad V, Kamboj RK (1993). "Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNAs encoding human hippocampus N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits: evidence for alternative RNA splicing.". Gene 131 (2): 293-8. PMID 8406025.
Collins C, Duff C, Duncan AM, et al. (1993). "Mapping of the human NMDA receptor subunit (NMDAR1) and the proposed NMDA receptor glutamate-binding subunit (NMDARA1) to chromosomes 9q34.3 and chromosome 8, respectively.". Genomics 17 (1): 237-9. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1311. PMID 8406459.
Lannuzel A, Lledo PM, Lamghitnia HO, et al. (1996). "HIV-1 envelope proteins gp120 and gp160 potentiate NMDA-induced [Ca2+]i increase, alter [Ca2+]i homeostasis and induce neurotoxicity in human embryonic neurons.". Eur. J. Neurosci. 7 (11): 2285-93. PMID 8563977.
Corasaniti MT, Melino G, Navarra M, et al. (1996). "Death of cultured human neuroblastoma cells induced by HIV-1 gp120 is prevented by NMDA receptor antagonists and inhibitors of nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase.". Neurodegeneration : a journal for neurodegenerative disorders, neuroprotection, and neuroregeneration 4 (3): 315-21. PMID 8581564.
Ehlers MD, Zhang S, Bernhadt JP, Huganir RL (1996). "Inactivation of NMDA receptors by direct interaction of calmodulin with the NR1 subunit.". Cell 84 (5): 745-55. PMID 8625412.
Pittaluga A, Pattarini R, Severi P, Raiteri M (1996). "Human brain N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors regulating noradrenaline release are positively modulated by HIV-1 coat protein gp120.". AIDS 10 (5): 463-8. PMID 8724036.

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v • d • e Ion channel, receptor: ligand-gated ion channels

Cys-loop receptors	5-HT/serotonin: 5-HT₃ (A) GABA: GABA A (α₁, α₂, α₃, α₄, α₅, α₆, β₁, β₂, β₃, γ₂, γ₃, δ, ε, π), GABA C (ρ₁, ρ₂) Glycine: α₁, α₂, β Nicotinic acetylcholine: α1, α2, α3, α4, α5, α7, α9, β1, β2, β3, β4, δ, ε, combinations ((α4)₂(β2)₃, (α7)₅, Ganglion type, Muscle type)

Ionotropic glutamates	AMPA (1, 2, 3, 4) - Kainate (1, 2, 3, 5) - NMDA (1, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D)

ATP-gated channels	Purinergic receptors: P2X (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)