Chlorphenamine

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Chlorphenamine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl- 3-pyridin-2-yl-propan-1-amine
Identifiers
CAS number	132-22-9
ATC code	R06AB04
PubChem	2725
DrugBank	DB01114
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₆H₁₉Cl N₂
Mol. mass	274.788 g/mol
Physical data
Solubility in water	0.55 g/100 mL, liquid mg/mL (20 °C)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	25 to 50%
Protein binding	72%
Metabolism	Hepatic (CYP2D6)
Half life	21-27 hours
Excretion	Renal
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	A(AU) B(US)
Legal status	Pharmacist Only (S3)(AU) GSL(UK) OTC(US) (for oral forms)
Routes	Oral, IV, IM, SC

Chlorphenamine 4mg, in the UK

Chlorphenamine (INN) or chlorpheniramine (USAN, former BAN), commonly marketed as its salt chlorphenamine maleate (CPM; Chlor-Trimeton, Piriton, Chlor-Tripolon), is a first-generation alkylamine antihistamine used in the prevention of the symptoms of allergic conditions such as rhinitis and urticaria. Its sedative effects are relatively weak compared to other first-generation antihistamines. Chlorpheniramine is one of the most commonly used antihistamines in small-animal veterinary practice as well.

Chlorpheniramine is part of a series of antihistamines including pheniramine (Naphcon) and its halogenated derivatives and others including fluorpheniramine, dexchlorpheniramine (Polaramine), brompheniramine (Dimetapp), dexbrompheniramine (Drixoral) deschlorpheniramine, dipheniramine (also known as triprolidine with the trade name Actifed) iodopheniramine &c.

The halogenated alkylamine antihistamines all exhibit optic isomerism and chlorpheniramine in the indicated products is racemic chlorpheniramine maleate whereas dexchlorpheniramine (Polaramine) is the dextrorotary (right-handed) stereoisomer.

Also known as "Comakin" in Taiwan and parts of Asia.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Combination medications

Chlorpheniramine is often combined with phenylpropanolamine to form an allergy medication with both antihistamine and decongestant properties. Brand names include Demazin, Allerest 12 Hour, Codral Nightime, Chlornade, Contac 12 Hour, A. R. M. Allergy Relief, Ordrine, Ornade Spansules, Teldrin, Triaminic, and Tylenol Allergy.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

Bruce G. Charlton, Self-management of psychiatric symptoms using over-the-counter (OTC) psychopharmacology: the S-DTM therapeutic model - self-diagnosis, self-treatment, self-monitoring. Medical Hypotheses 2005; 65: 823-828.

v • d • e Antihistamines (primarily R06)

Aminoalkyl ethers	Bromazine/Bromodiphenhydramine • Carbinoxamine • Clemastine • Chlorphenoxamine • Diphenylpyraline • Diphenhydramine • Doxylamine • Orphenadrine • Phenyltoloxamine

Substituted alkylamines	Brompheniramine • Chlorphenamine • Dexbrompheniramine • Dexchlorpheniramine • Dimetindene • Pheniramine • Talastine

Substituted ethylenediamines	Chloropyramine • Histapyrrodine • Mepyramine • Methapyrilene • Tripelennamine (Pyribenzamine)

Phenothiazine derivatives	Alimemazine • Hydroxyethylpromethazine • Isothipendyl • Mequitazine • Methdilazine • Oxomemazine • Promethazine

Piperazine derivatives	Buclizine • Cetirizine • Chlorcyclizine • Cinnarizine • Cyclizine • Hydroxyzine • Levocetirizine • Meclizine • Niaprazine • Oxatomide

Others for systemic use	Antazoline • Azatadine • Bamipine • Cyproheptadine • Deptropine • Dimebon • Ebastine • Epinastine • Ketotifen • Mebhydrolin • Mizolastine • Phenindamine • Pimethixene • Pyrrobutamine • Rupatadine • Triprolidine • selective (Acrivastine • Astemizole • Azelastine • Desloratadine • Fexofenadine • Loratadine • Terfenadine)

For topical use	Bamipine • Chloropyramine • Chlorphenoxamine • Clemastine • Dimetindene • Diphenhydramine • Isothipendyl • Mepyramine • Promethazine • Thenalidine

Antiallergic agents excluding corticosteroids	Antazoline • Azelastine

Other antiallergics	Emedastine • Epinastine • Ketotifen • Montelukast • Olopatadine