Senate of the Republic of Poland

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The Senate (Senat) is the upper house of the Polish parliament. It consists of 100 senators elected by universal ballot and is headed by the Marshal of the Senate (Marszałek Senatu).

Contents 1 History 2 The Senate of the Republic of Poland today 3 Marshals of the Senate of the Republic of Poland (after 1922) 4 2007 election 5 Polish Senators (2001-2005 term) 5.1 Former senators 6 See also 7 External links

[edit] History

The Senate can be traced back to a council of royal advisors. In the Nobles' Democracy, the Senate was a Privy council rather than an upper chamber of the Sejm, and consisted of members of the royal cabinet and the royal court, together with voivods, prefects and castellans (all appointed by the king), and Catholic bishops (see Senatorial offices for details).

In the Second Polish Republic, senators were elected by universal ballot. After a referendum organized in 1946 by the Communist regime, the Senate was abolished in the post-Second World War People's Republic of Poland. It was only re-established after the fall of communism in 1989.

Republic of Poland

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Poland

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[edit] The Senate of the Republic of Poland today

The term of office of a senator is four years. The Senate may reject or amend the bills passed by the Sejm but any rejection or amendment may still be overruled by an absolute majority vote in the Sejm. A joint session of the Senate and the Sejm is known as a National Assembly. Traditionally, the Senate takes particular care of Polonia, Polish communities outside Poland.

Senators are elected by a plurality bloc voting method (rare internationally), where several candidates with the highest support are elected from each electorate, and each voter selects their whole preferred set. The exact number of senators from each electorate is dependent on its population and varies from two to four.

[edit] Marshals of the Senate of the Republic of Poland (after 1922)

• Wojciech Trampczynski November 28, 1922 - March 26, 1928
• Julian Szymanski (Non-Party Bloc of Cooperation with the Government) March 27, 1928 - December 8, 1930
• Wladyslaw Raczkiewicz (Non-Party Bloc of Cooperation with the Government) December 9, 1930 - October 3, 1935
• Aleksander Prystor (Non-Party Bloc of Cooperation with the Government) October 4, 1935 - November 27, 1938
• Boguslaw Medzinski (Camp of National Unity November 28, 1938 - November 2, 1939

• Andrzej Stelmachowski (Citizens' Parliamentary Caucus) November 22, 1989 - 1991
• August Chelkowski (Solidarity) November 26, 1991 - October 15, 1993
• Adam Struzik (Polish Peasant Party) October 26, 1993 - October 19, 1997
• Alicja Grzeskowiak (Solidarity Electoral Action) October 21, 1997 - October 18, 2001
• Longin Pastusiak (Democratic Left Alliance) October 20, 2001 - October 18, 2005
• Bogdan Borusewicz October 20, 2005 - November 4, 2007
• Bogdan Borusewicz November 5, 2007 - Present

[edit] 2007 election

[discuss] – [edit]
Summary of the 21 October 2007 Polish National Assembly election results

Parties		Sejm				Senat
		Votes	%	Seats	+/–	Seats	+/–
	Civic Platform (Platforma Obywatelska, PO)	6,701,010	41.51	209	+76	60	+26
	Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS)	5,183,477	32.11	166	+11	39	–10
	Left and Democrats (Lewica i Demokraci, LiD)	2,122,981	13.15	53	–2[1]	—	—
	Polish People's Party (Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe, PSL)	1,437,638	8.91	31	+6	—	–2
	Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland (Samoobrona RP, SRP)	247,335	1.53	—	–56	—	–3
	League of Polish Families (Liga Polskich Rodzin, LPR)	209,171	1.30	—	–34	—	–7
	Polish Labor Party (Polska Partia Pracy, PPP)	160,476	0.99	—	—	—	—
	Women's Party (Partia Kobiet, PK)[2]	45,121	0.28	—	—	—	—
	German Minority (Mniejszość Niemiecka, MN)[3]	32,462	0.20	1	–1	—	—
	Patriotic Self-Defense (Samoobrona Patriotyczna)[4]	2,531	0.02	—	—	—	—
	Independents (Niezależni)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	1	–4
	Total	16,142,202		460		100
Registered voters: 30,615,471 Votes counted: 16,477,734 (53.88 %) Invalid votes: 335,532 Valid votes: 16,142,202
^ Compared to the result of Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) in 2005. ^  Contested the election in seven districts only. ^  Contested the election in one district only. ^  Contested the election in one district only.

Main article: Polish parliamentary election, 2007

v • d • e Marshals of the Senate of Poland Republic of Poland (1918–1939) Wojciech Trąmpczyński · Julian Szymański · Władysław Raczkiewicz · Aleksander Prystor · Bogusław Miedziński Republic of Poland (1989–present) Andrzej Stelmachowski · August Chełkowski · Adam Struzik · Alicja Grześkowiak · Longin Pastusiak · Bogdan Borusewicz

[edit] Polish Senators (2001-2005 term)

1. Jerzy Adamski
2. Andrzej Anulewicz
3. Franciszek Bachleda-Księdzularz
4. Marek Balicki
5. Janusz Lucjan Bargieł
6. Tadeusz Bartos
7. Maria Berny
8. Adam Biela
9. Janusz Stefan Bielawski
10. January Bronisław Bień
11. Franciszek Bogdan Bobrowski
12. Krystyna Maria Bochenek (since September 2004)
13. Krzysztof Wawrzyniec Borkowski
14. Władysław Bułka
15. Czesława Christowa
16. Andrzej Chronowski
17. Zygmunt Alojzy Cybulski
18. Gerard Czaja
19. Jolanta Ryszarda Danielak
20. Krystyna Doktorowicz
21. Kazimierz Drożdż
22. Bernard Drzęźla
23. Henryk Dzido
24. Józef Dziemdziela
25. Genowefa Maria Ferenc
26. Witold Feliks Gładkowski
27. Zbigniew Gołąbek
28. Stanisław Huskowski (since April 2004)
29. Sławomir Izdebski
30. Andrzej Jaeschke
31. Zdzisława Janowska
32. Zdzisław Jarmużek
33. Ryszard Jarzembowski
34. Kazimierz Jaworski (since 29 September 2004)
35. Krzysztof Jurgiel (since 22 October 2003)
36. Dorota Maria Kempka
37. Apolonia Klepacz
38. Janusz Konieczny
39. Aleksandra Koszada
40. Marian Kozłowski
41. Zbigniew Kruszewski
42. Olga Teresa Krzyżanowska
43. Zbigniew Jerzy Kulak
44. Anna Maria Kurska
45. Irena Kurzępa
46. Kazimierz Kutz
47. Grzegorz Lato
48. Marian Piotr Lewicki
49. Grzegorz Marek Lipowski
50. Teresa Liszcz
51. Bogusław Litwiniec
52. Janusz Józef Lorenz
53. Mirosław Lubiński (since 7 May 2003)
54. Włodzimierz Łęcki
55. Władysław Mańkut
56. Jerzy Markowski
57. Ryszard Matusiak (since 28 July 2004)
58. Grzegorz Jan Matuszak
59. Bogusław Mąsior
60. Mieczysław Mietła
61. Stanisław Nicieja
62. Grzegorz Andrzej Niski
63. Longin Hieronim Pastusiak
64. Kazimierz Pawełek
65. Wojciech Jerzy Pawłowski
66. Jerzy Pieniążek
67. Krzysztof Marek Piesiewicz
68. Wiesław Michał Pietrzak
69. Zbyszko Piwoński
70. Sergiusz Plewa
71. Bogdan Leszek Podgórski
72. Lesław Paweł Podkański
73. Jolanta Popiołek
74. Zbigniew Religa
75. Zbigniew Romaszewski
76. Tadeusz Rzemykowski
77. Wiesława Regina Sadowska
78. Janina Sagatowska
79. Wojciech Paweł Saługa (since 29 September 2004)
80. Ewa Aleksandra Serocka
81. Krystyna Helena Sienkiewicz
82. Dorota Simonides
83. Zofia Maria Skrzypek-Mrowiec (since29 September 2004)
84. Ryszard Józef Sławiński
85. Robert Maciej Smoktunowicz
86. Jerzy Kazimierz Smorawiński
87. Andrzej Kazimierz Spychalski
88. Henryk Tadeusz Stokłosa
89. Alicja Stradomska
90. Jerzy Zdzisław Suchański
91. Jan Szafraniec
92. Józef Sztorc
93. Krzysztof Szydłowski
94. Maria Szyszkowska
95. Andrzej Jan Wielowieyski
96. Edmund Kazimierz Wittbrodt
97. Tadeusz Wnuk
98. Zbigniew Stanisław Zychowicz
99. Marian Żenkiewicz

[edit] Former senators

1. Jerzy Edmund Cieślak (died 25.04.2004 r.)
2. Henryk Gołębiewski (till 31 January 2003)
3. Genowefa Grabowska - elected MEP on 13.06.2004
4. Adam Graczyński (died 26.08.2004)
5. Adam Gierek - elected MEP on 13.06.2004
6. Adam Jamróz (till 10 July 2003)
7. Mieczysław Janowski - elected MEP on 13.06.2004 r.
8. Jan Józef Lipski (died 10. 09. 1991)
9. Marian Noga (till 14 January 2004 )
10. Grażyna Ewa Staniszewska - elected MEP on 13.06.2004

[edit] See also

• Sejm
• Politics of Poland
• Senate

[edit] External links

• Official website