Wikipedia:格式手册 (消歧义页)
维基百科，自由的百科全书
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请参照英语维基对应页面或本页的讨论页内容进一步完善本页，或提议和参与讨论本方针是否可以成为中文维基百科的正式方针或指引。 |
| 维基百科格式指导 |
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| 格式手册 |
| 增补格式手册 |
| 特殊頁面指導 |
| 其他指导 |
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如何编辑页面 |
| 技術指導 |
消歧义页（Dab页）是（类似重定向）存在于文章名空间里的非文章页面。Dab页仅仅是为了通常在用户搜索一个有歧义的术语时，能够让用户在很多的维基百科文章中进行选择。这篇格式指导是为了通过提供给消歧义页一个一致的外观并避免转移信息，诸如无关链接，以使这个过程更有效率为目的。
这篇指导适用于仅包含歧义内容的页面，而无论页面标题是否包含(消歧义)一词。这篇指导不适用于一篇虽然包含“参见”或类似提示的主要话题文章。
目录 |
[编辑] 首行
类似于其它标准页面, 页标题应该使用粗体，但它应该包含语句碎片来介绍一个框住列表，并用冒号结尾：
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间隔可以表示：
约翰·史密斯是：
ABC可以代表：
[编辑] 独立入口
消歧義頁的主要目的，是讓所有人都能輕易且快速找出他們有興趣的頁面。
- 應以符號列表表示條目名稱（在項目前加上半形星號）；當條目名稱非中文時，首字應大寫。只有連結至獨立條目的那些入口需要加上符號列表。
- 盡量將消歧義頁中的連結放在條目內的最前面，例如：
- 球門 (足球)，設於足球場兩端的物品。
- 而非：在足球運動中，球門係指位於足球場兩端的物品。
- There is no need to emphasize the link with bolding or italics, although book titles and the like may be italicized in conformance with Wikipedia:Manual of Style (titles)
- Redlinks (links to articles not yet written) may be included only if you are confident that an encyclopedia article could be written on the subject. Don't include dictionary definitions (see below for how to include Wiktionary links).
- [可疑] (讨论)
Unlike a regular article page, don't wikilink any other words in the line, unless they may be essential to help the reader determine which page they are looking for; these pages aren't for exploration, but only to help the user navigate to a specific place. Thus:
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- Dark Star, a song by the Grateful Dead
- not: Dark Star, a song by the psychedelic rock band The Grateful Dead
Example:
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Interval may mean: - Interval (mathematics), a set containing a range of integers
- Interval (music), the distance between two notes
For people, include their birth and death years, if known, and only enough descriptive information that the reader can distinguish between different people with the same name. Keep in mind the conventions for birth and death dates, see Wikipedia:Manual of Style (dates and numbers)#Dates of birth and death.
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John Smith is the name of: - John Smith (mathematician) (1886–1928)
- John Smith (actor) (1776–1824)
- John Smith (composer) (born 1955), who wrote the theme music to Seinfeld
用於地名的時候，必須寫上條目的名稱。
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馬鞍山可以指:
如果是同義字，可以直接引用其名稱：
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Serving spoon may also be: - Tablespoon
If the item described appears as part of another page, link to the relevant section of that page instead (using the #anchor notation) and conceal that by making it a piped link, as shown with "coin", below. In this case the link may not start the line, but it should still be the only wikilink.
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Tail may also be: - The reverse side of a coin
- Part of an airplane fuselage
- Part of a bird's anatomy
Only use this feature if the item being described actually appears on the page you're linking to, so avoid:
- On-off switch is what turns on a television set
if the television article doesn't mention it.
[编辑] Piping
Piping means concealing the actual title of an linked article by replacing it with other text, typically to suppress parenthetical expressions.
- Don't pipe the name of the links to the articles being listed, e.g. Moment (physics). In many cases this may be all the user needs to find what they're looking for.
- If exceptionally a word of the description is wikified, you may use piping in the description.
- Use piping if you're linking to an anchor point on the target page.
[编辑] 链接回主文章
当页面在标题处有 （消歧义）一词时， 用户不太可能碰巧被绊住。大部分情况下，他们会通过从有相同名字的主文章处点击一条链接到达那里，类似这样：
- 对其他含义，参见 天花 (消歧义)
因此，主含义正好就是他们寻找的意思的情况是不太可能的，所以它不该与其它含义混在一起。推荐把链接放回在主含义的顶端，在列表框之前，比如：
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天花是一种由天花病毒引起的烈性传染病。
天花也可以指：
- 玉蜀黍的雄花
尽管可能这个词只有一种其它定义，但这类页面常常至少有两种不同取舍的定义；否则，在天花页上的链接就该直接链到另一条定义上去，而不需要一个单独的消歧义页了。
[编辑] 入口顺序
In most cases, place the items in order of usage, with the most-used meanings appearing at the top and less common meanings below. A recommended order is
- articles with a clarifier in parentheses (Anticipation (music))
- articles with the item as part of the name (Computer keyboard as part of a Keyboard dab page)
- synonyms
- larger subject articles which treat this item in a section (Medieval art from a Fresco dab page).
For places or people, alphabetical or chronological order may make more sense — but only for articles that are equally common. Always place the most-common meaning(s) at the top.
Unless the list is quite short, separate the articles in categories (1) and (2) from those in (3) and (4), with the "may also be" line shown below:
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Thingymabob may mean: - Thingymabob (mathematics), the square root of minus-pi
- Thingymabob (music), a note slightly higher than Q-sharp
- House thingymabob, a phallic door-knocker
- Computer thingymabob, carving-knife device for cutting off mouse's tail
Thingymabob may also be:
- Whatchamacallit
- Doodad
- A fetish used in Tribal ceremonies.
[编辑] 更长的列表
如果入口个数很大，列表可以通过主题区域来断开，如下：
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Thingamajig可以表示：
在科学领域：
- Thingamajig (化学)，一种氯的同位素
- Thingamajig (物理)，一种电波球体
- Thingamajig (生物)，一种用于地表覆盖的侵入性植物
在世界音乐里:
- Thingamajig (卡塔尔), 一种七弦乐器
- Thingamajig (迷路), 一种类似于轴管 (aulos)的簧风乐器
如果这个列表过长（超过30个入口），你可以使用章节头来取代（或者增加），比如约翰·泰勒 (消歧义)。To shorten the page suppress the table of contents by placing __NOTOC__ (No Table Of Contents) near the top of the page or use {{TOCright}} to place the table on the right hand side.
[编辑] “参见”部分
对于那些相似而可能带来混淆，错字及其他类似情况的术语，可以用一个“参见”部分, 但是不要对那些主标题词汇合法使用的地方运用“参见”。
[编辑] Wiktionary links
Rather than including a dictionary definition of a word, create a cross-link to our sister project, Wiktionary. To do this, use the {{wiktionary}} template on the first line, for example {{wiktionary|WORD}}. The {{wiktionary}} template is deprecated because it uses the page name, which starts with an uppercase letter, and Wiktionary is case sensitive on the first letter). For more information, see Wikipedia:How to link to Wikimedia projects#Wiktionary.
[编辑] 消歧义告示
放置 {{disambig}}模板於頁面底部。以提供以下信息，並使頁面歸於Category:消歧义中。
[编辑] 破壞規則
对上述每一项格式建议，尚存在某些有理由值得做一些修改的页面。这些指导方针是为了达到一致性，但是对读者游泳仍然是主要目标。所以如果你有好的理由ignore these guidelines。
