صبغت الله مجددي
د Wikipedia لخوا
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|---|---|
| د زېږېدو نېټه: | ١٩٢٦ |
| د ماندينې نوم: | نادره |
| د مجاهدينو لومړنی ولسمشر | |
| د دندو ترتيب: | لومړنی جهادي ولسمشر
د نجات اسلامي افغانستان د ګوند مشر |
| د کار موده: | اپرېل ١٩٩٢ – جون ١٩٩٢ |
| مخکينی ولسمشر: | ډاکټر نجيب الله |
| وروستنی ولسمشر: | برهان الدين رباني |
صبغت الله مجددي ( ١٩٢٦ - ). په ١٩٩٢ کال کې د کمونېسټي رژيم د راپرځېدو وروسته د افغانستان د اسلامي دولت د لومړني ولسمشر په توګه دنده درلوده. صبغت الله مجددي د نجات اسلامي افغانستان د ګوند مشر هم دی.
ښاغلی مجددي په پاکستان کې د مجاهدينو تر منځ د يوه پخواني تړون پر بنسټ د افغانستان د اسلامي دولت ولسمشر شو. نوموړی تر دوو مياشتو پورې د افغانستان ولسمشر و چې بيا تر ده وروسته برهان الدين رباني د ولسمشرۍ په چوکۍ کېناسته. هغه په دې هېڅکله و نه توانېده چې د مجاهدينو د بېلابېلو ګوندونو او تنظيمونو تر مېنځ پخلاينه راولي.
په اوسينيو سياسي پېښو کې، مجددي د طالبانو د واکمنۍ پر مهال ځان د سياست نه ګوښه کړی وه. د ٢٠٠٣ کال په ډېسمبر مياشت کې د افغانستان د اساسي قانون له مخې، ښاغلی مجددي د لويې جرګې د ريس په توګه وټاکل شو.
نيوليک |
پخواني وختونه سياسي او شخصي ژوند
ښاغلی مجددي په ١٩٢٦ زېږيز کال کې د افغانستان لويديځ ولايت هرات کې زېږېدلی. نوموړی د مجددي له کورنۍ نه ده چې نصب يې د احمد سرهندي مجددي پورې رسېږي.
He is a well regarded Islamic scholar and one of the most prominent and prolific advocates of an independent Afghanistan since the early 1950s.
He completed post-graduate study at al-Azhar University in Cairo, Egypt, focusing on Islamic Law and Jurisprudence. In Afghanistan, he taught at Habibia High School after his graduation, and later in the Kabul University.
Mojadeddi was imprisoned from 1959 to 1964 for his alleged involvement in a plot to assassinate Soviet Prime Minister, Nikita Khrushchev. He also participated in anti-reformist and anti-soviet demonstrations in Kabul in 1970.
Fearing repression, he chose exile after Daoud's coup in 1973. Forced to flee the country in order to escape arrest, In exile he carried out the responsibility of the Copenhagen Mosque in Denmark.
د روسانو يرغل ( 1979 - 1989 )
In 1979 he founded the Afghan National Liberation Front, an islamic, traditionnal party . Although his party's military might remained marginal due to a bias in weapons distribution by the Pakistani ISI, Mujaddadi remained a highly respected leader among the Mujahideen.
His reputation as a moderate was finally recognised in 1989, when he was selected as the head of the Interim Islamic State of Afghanistan. Also as head of the Interim Afghan Government, he met with then President of the United States George H.W. Bush.
He was ready to assume his position when, on April 1992, the Mujaheddin enter Kabul, and the government of President Mohammad Najibullah collapsed. A cease-fire was achieved with Professor Burhanuddin Rabbani of the Jamait-i-Islami recognized as the head of the guerrilla coalition and of the country.
د جمهوريت ولسمشر
Eleven days later, in an agreement that excluded the Shi'a parties and the Hizb-i Islami led by Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, the parties in Kabul announced that Sibghatullah Mojadeddi would become president for two months, followed by Burhanuddin Rabbani of the Jamiat-i-Islami for four years.
During this period, a Loya Jirga, or grand council of Afghan elders, would convene and designate an interim administration to hold power for up to a year, pending elections. But in May 1992, Rabbani prematurely formed the leadership council, undermining Mojaddedi’s fragile authority.
In June, Mojaddedi surrendered power to the Leadership Council, which then elected Rabbani president. Rejecting the arrangement, Hekmatyar launched massive and indiscriminate rocket attacks on Kabul that continued intermittently for three years, until he was forced out of the Kabul area in February 1995.
His decision to declare a general state of amnesty for all citizens regardless of political ties until the legal system of the country had been rehabiliated is one of his presidency's legacies.
Mojaddedi completed his term in office and returned to private. During Taliban rule, he settled in Pakistan.
وروسته د طالبانو نه
In December 2003, Professor Mojaddedi was elected to serve as the chairman of the Loya Jirga, and under his leadership the Loya Jirga was able to approve a new constitution for the country.
When the constitutional loya jirga began its proceedings, Mojaddedi, offended many women when he refused to name a woman as one of his three deputies proclaimed to the assembled female delegates, "Even God has not given you equal rights because under his decision two women are counted as equal to one man."
Since March 16 2005, serving as the chairman of the National Commission for Peace in Afghanistan, professor Mojaddedi has been working to bring about country-wide reconciliation. He was appointed to this post by president Hamid Karzai.
The commission's objective is to promote reconciliation. In a press conference held on May 9, 2005 in Kabul, Mojaddedi announced that participation in the reconciliation process is open to all Afghans, including Mullah Omar (head of the Taliban) and Gulbuddin Hekmatyar.
He claimed that his remarks were misconstrued by the media, and that it was up to the Afghan nation to pardon or punish Mullah Omar and Gulbuddin Hekmatyar. He also stated that policies change with time, and added that the reconciliation commission was working independently with full backing from President Karzai.
Mojaddedi was quoted as saying: "If they accept Afghanistan's new basic law and give up fighting, they may be forgiven. But personally speaking, I can't let them off them because I don't have the right."
On December 18th 2005, Afghanistan's parliament elected Sibghatullah Mojadidi as the leader of the legislature's 102-seat upper house, the Meshrano Jirga, for a 5 year term.
He now lives in Kabul.
Trivia
- Mojaddedi is often referred to as Pir, meaning saint or elder, as he is the oldest member of the Naqshbandi sufi order. His family holds the rank of pir (saint) in the Sufi order which is the basis for its large religious following throughout Afghanistan.
- Mojaddedi is a conservative Maulawi. His party, consists essentially of Naqshbandi
- Mojaddedi is also a Shaykh of the Mujaddidiya branch of the Naqshbandi Sufi order.
- Mojaddedi was pulled out of a boarding line to a Virgin Atlantic flight to London by security officials, in order to conduct an additional search of his baggage. Airport security screeners said they heard him speak about an Islamic liberation organization and say, I know you're looking for a bomb, and God will revenge this, according to police. The comments were made in English but misinterpreted by the screeners, neither of whom spoke English as a first language. [1]
| Preceded by: ډاکټر نجيب الله |
د افغانستان ولسمشر April 1992 – June 1992 |
Succeeded by: برهان الدين رباني |
