Robert Bárány
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| Robert Bárány | |
 Robert Bárány
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| Born | April 22, 1876 Vienna |
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| Died | April 8, 1936 |
| Fields | physician |
| Institutions | Uppsala University |
| Alma mater | Vienna University |
| Notable awards |  1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine |
Robert Bárány (April 22, 1876 – April 8, 1936) was an Hungarian-Jewish physician. For his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus of the ear he received the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Bárány was born in Vienna. He attended medical school at Vienna University, graduating in 1900. As a doctor in Vienna, Bárány was syringing fluid into the inner ear of a patient to relieve the patient's dizzy spells. The patient experienced vertigo and nystagmus (involuntary eye movement) when Bárány injected fluid that was too cold. In response, Bárány warmed the fluid for the patient and the patient experienced nystagmus in the opposite direction. Bárány theorized that the endolymph was sinking when it was cool and rising when it was warm, and thus the direction of flow of the endolymph was providing the proprioceptive signal to the vestibular organ. He followed up on this observation with a series of experiments on what he called the caloric reaction. The research resulting from his observations made surgical treatment of vestibular organ diseases possible. Bárány also investigated other aspects of equilibrium control, including the function of the cerebellum.
He served with the Austrian army during World War I as a civilian surgeon and was captured by the Russian Army. When his Nobel Prize was awarded in 1914, Bárány was in a Russian prisoner of war camp. He was released in 1916 following diplomatic negotiations with Russia conducted by Prince Carl of Sweden and the Red Cross. He was then able to attend the Nobel Prize awards ceremony in 1916, where he was awarded his prize. From 1917 until his death he was professor at Uppsala University.
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[edit] References
- Pearce, J M S (2007), “Robert Bárány.”, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 78 (3): 302, 2007 Mar, PMID:17308291, doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.0110197, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17308291>
- Haas, L F (2005), “Robert Bárány 1876-1936.”, J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 76 (5): 662, 2005 May, PMID:15834023, doi:10.1136/jnnp.2004.055277, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15834023>
- Baloh, Robert W (2002), “Robert Bárány and the controversy surrounding his discovery of the caloric reaction.”, Neurology 58 (7): 1094-9, 2002 Apr 9, PMID:11940699, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11940699>
- Raju, T N (1998), “The Nobel Chronicles. 1914: Robert Bárány (1876-1936).”, Lancet 352 (9134): 1156, 1998 Oct 3, PMID:9798631, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9798631>
- Pretterklieber, M L (1995), “Robert Barany--discoverer of the caloric nystagmus.”, Isr. J. Med. Sci. 31 (10): 647-A, 1995 Oct, PMID:7591695, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7591695>
- Diamant, H (1984), “The Nobel Prize Award to Robert Bárány--a controversial decision?”, Acta oto-laryngologica. Supplementum 406: 1-4, 1984, PMID:6382918, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382918>
- Torok, N (1980), “Robert Bárány.”, JAMA 244 (22): 2520, 1980 Dec 5, PMID:7001070, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7001070>
- Shampo, M A & Kyle, R A (1980), “Robert Bárány.”, JAMA 243 (19): 1914, 1980 May 16, PMID:6988618, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6988618>
- Majer, E H (1976), “[Robert Bárány (1876-1936) Nobel prize in medicine 1914]”, Laryngologie, Rhinologie, Otologie 55 (8): 614-6, 1976 Aug, PMID:134224, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/134224>
- Sulek, K (1967), “[Nobel prize in 1914 to Robert Barany for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus]”, Wiad. Lek. 20 (17): 1667, 1967 Sep 1, PMID:4864045, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4864045>
- “ROBERT BARANY (1876-1936)--INVESTIGATOR OF LABYRINTHINE FUNCTION.”, JAMA 191: 132-3, 1965, 1965 Jan 11, PMID:14236941, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14236941>
[edit] See also
- Bárány chair
- List of Austrian scientists
- Famous Austrians
- Spatial disorientation
- Instrument flight
- Instrument rating
[edit] References
- Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1901-1921, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1967.
[edit] External links
- Robert Bárány – Biography at Nobelprize.org
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