Petabyte

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Prefixes for bit and byte
Decimal Value SI 10001 k kilo- 10002 M mega- 10003 G giga- 10004 T tera- 10005 P peta- 10006 E exa- 10007 Z zetta- 10008 Y yotta-	Binary Value IEC JEDEC 10241 Ki kibi- K kilo- 10242 Mi mebi- M mega- 10243 Gi gibi- G giga- 10244 Ti tebi- 10245 Pi pebi- 10246 Ei exbi- 10247 Zi zebi- 10248 Yi yobi-

A petabyte (derived from the SI prefix peta- ) is a unit of information or computer storage equal to one quadrillion bytes, or 1000 terabytes. It is commonly abbreviated PB. When used with byte multiples, the prefix may indicate a power of either 1000 or 1024, so the exact number may be either:

• 1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes — 1000⁵, or 10¹⁵, or
• 1,125,899,906,842,624 bytes — 1024⁵, or 2⁵⁰.

The term "pebibyte", using a binary prefix, has been proposed as an unambiguous reference to the latter value.

Contents 1 Trivia 2 See also 3 References 4 External links

[edit] Trivia

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• BMMsoft, Sybase and Sun Microsystems set Guinness World Record for World's Largest Data Warehouse in May 2008. System was officially tested in July 2007 audit document, in Menlo Park, California. Tests also proved it to be the World's most Eco-friendly Data Warehouse. It requires 91% less storage, uses 91% less energy, reducing CO2 pollution by 91% compared to conventional solutions. Hardware is developed by Sun Microsystems [2]. Combined with Sybase's IQ, and BMMsoft's server application such appliance is already in use and available.

• IBM Kittyhawk supercomputer designed to run the global-scale Internet, with 32 petabytes (32 PiB) of memory. (February 2008)^{[citation needed]}

• Google processes over 20 petabytes of data per day.^[1]

• Greenplum recently installed an open source based data warehouse with more than 1 petabyte of disk space residing in 48 rackmount Sun Thumper servers to analyze web data for a popular Internet company.^{[citation needed][2]}

• Microsoft stores on 900 servers a total of approximately 14 petabytes. These are mostly imagery for Microsoft's digital model planet, Virtual Earth. This is part of its web-based geobrowser Live Search Maps. Microsoft has spent at the “couple of hundreds of millions of dollars level” on the acquisition of high-resolution commercial satellite images for Virtual Earth.^[3]

• Approximately fifteen petabytes of data will be generated each year in particle physics experiments using CERN’s Large Hadron Collider, due to be launched in May 2008.^[4]

• In October 2004, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) installed over 1 PB of high performance DataDirect Networks storage on BlueGene/L.

• The San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) in the USA has a 1-petabyte hard disk store and a 6-petabyte robotic tape store, both attached to the National Science Foundation's TeraGrid network.^[5]

• The Internet Archive Wayback Machine contains almost 2 petabytes of data and is currently growing at a rate of approximately 20 terabytes per month. (as of May 2006)^[6]

• The first commercially-available petabyte Storage Array was launched by the EMC Corporation in January 2006, with an approximate cost of USD 4 million.^[7]

• In March of 2005, Teradata announced the world's first single server with roughly 500 gigabytes of storage capable of scaling to a multiserver system that can scale up to approximately 4 petabytes in size for commercial decision support.^[8]
• Technicolor Netherlands formerly known as NOB Cross media facilities employs a 7.7-petabyte storage network for the storage of all old and new public television and radio content in digital format. Within the next year, most Dutch public television content will be pulled directly out of this database during broadcast.^{[citation needed]}

• RapidShare has 4.5 petabytes of hard-disk storage for its users.^[9]

• As of November 2006, eBay had 2 petabytes^[10] of data.

• On February 24, 2006, DataDirect Networks announced they will provide 1 petabyte of networked storage for Europe's fastest Supercomputer, Tera10, at Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique.^[11]

• Managed Storage Services offering in IBM Global Services manages more than two petabytes for IBM customers around the world.^[12]

• Indiana University announced on April 5, 2006 that it is acquiring the nation's fastest university-owned supercomputer and largest disk-based research storage facility. This new supercomputer will be connected to more than 1 petabyte of high-speed disk storage. This includes DataDirect Networks high-performance storage and will be by far the largest of its type of university-owned storage in the United States.^[13]

• Some modern commercial tape libraries, robotically accessed collections of tapes primarily used by large organizations for archiving, store several petabytes of data.^[14]

• According to Arnaud DeBorchgrave writing in the Washington Times (July 29, 2007), the amount of information loaded onto the Internet doubles every six months. According to him, about 627 petabytes moves all over the internet every day. According to his article, this amount of information is several thousand times the entire contents of the Library of Congress, and it happens every day.

• The first petabyte-size relational database: as of August 2007, BMMsoft DataFusion is the first application to store a petabyte of mixed relational and unstructured data (Emails, Documents, Multimedia and Transactions) in unified relational database using single server and single, non-partitioned database image. Data compression was 85% - compressing over a pebibyte (1,024 TB) of data (6 Trillion records) to less than 160 TB of data on disk. This represents 90% data reduction compared to conventional solutions that would need at least 1.5 PB of storage, according to Sun Microsystems who provided the HW platform for the test and Sybase who provided the analytic engine. Verified 90% storage reduction translates directly into 90% reduction in electricity consumption with corresponding 90% reduction in CO₂ emission. The entire system eliminates ~5,000 tons of CO₂ per year, or over 15,000 tons of CO₂ over typical 3-year life of such a large system. The DataFusion application operates in Real-Time with less than 1 second delay between email arrival and visibility in relational database. Loading speed was over 3 million records per second or over 1 TB per hour and corresponds to combined transaction throughput of all world's stock exchanges and all email and IM traffic between approx. 500,000 financial traders, described in audit document.

• Wal-Mart stores over 1 petabyte of retail data (as of August 2007). ^[15]

[edit] See also

• petabit
• orders of magnitude (data)

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• CacheLogic Survey: P2P Accounts for 10 Petabytes of Data
• Fancy a Million-Gigabyte Hard Drive?
• Remember when 1MB was a lot?

v • d • e Units of Information Base units Bit · Byte Traditional units Kilobyte · Megabyte · Gigabyte · Terabyte · Petabyte · Exabyte · Zettabyte · Yottabyte IEC standard units Kibibyte · Mebibyte · Gibibyte · Tebibyte · Pebibyte · Exbibyte · Zebibyte · Yobibyte