Northern Liang
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| Sixteen Kingdoms. |
|---|
| 16 Kingdoms |
| Cheng Han |
| Han Zhao |
| Later Zhao |
| Former Liang |
| Later Liang |
| Western Liang |
| Northern Liang |
| Southern Liang |
| Former Qin |
| Later Qin |
| Western Qin |
| Former Yan |
| Later Yan |
| Northern Yan |
| Southern Yan |
| Xia |
| Not included in the 16 Kingdoms |
| Ran Wei |
| Western Shu |
| Western Yan |
| Duan |
| Yuwen |
| Chouchi |
| Wei (Dingling) |
| Dai |
| Huan Chu |
The Northern Liang (Chinese: 北凉; pinyin: Bĕi Liáng; 397-439) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms in China. It was founded by the Xiongnu Juqu family, although they initially supported the Han official Duan Ye as prince, but overthrew Duan in 401 and directly took over.
All rulers of the Northern Liang proclaimed themselves "wang" (translatable as "prince" or "king").
Most Chinese historians view Northern Liang as ended in 439, when its capital Guzang (姑臧, in modern Wuwei, Gansu) fell to Northern Wei forces and its prince Juqu Mujian was captured. However, some view his cousins Juqu Wuhui and Juqu Anzhou, who subsequently settled with Northern Liang remnants in Gaochang (高昌, in modern Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang), as a continuation of Northern Liang, and thus view Northern Liang as having ended in 460, when Gaochang fell to Rouran and was made a vassal, and the remnants of the Juqu family were slaughtered.
[edit] Rulers of the Northern Liang
| Temple names | Posthumous names | Family names and given name | Durations of reigns | Era names and their according durations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese convention: use family and given names | ||||
| Northern Liang 397-439 (as Gaochang "wang" 442-460) | ||||
| Did not exist | Did not exist | Duan Ye (段業 Duàn Yè) | 397-401 | Shenxi (神璽 Shénxǐ) 397-399Tianxi (天璽 Tiānxǐ) 399-401 |
| Taizu (太祖 Tàizǔ) | Wuxuan (武宣 Wǔxuān) | Juqu Mengxun (沮渠蒙遜 Jǔqú Méngxùn) | 401-433 | Yongan (永安 Yǒngān) 401-412Xuanshi (玄始 Xuánshǐ) 412-428 |
| Did not exist | Ai (哀王 āi) | Juqu Mujian (沮渠牧犍 Jǔqú Mùjiān) | 433-439 | Yonghe (永和 Yǒnghé) 433-439 |
| Did not exist | Did not exist | Juqu Wuhui (沮渠無諱 Jǔqú Wúhuí) | 442-444 | Chengping (承平 Chéngpíng) 443-444 |
| Did not exist | Did not exist | Juqu Anzhou (沮渠安周 Jǔqú ānzhōu) | 444-460 | Chengping (承平 Chéngpíng) 444-460 |
