List of world's largest domes

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Domes are in architectural terms particularly demanding structures. A dome may be defined as a self-supporting structural element of architecture that resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere; this definition excludes structures such as The O₂ (formerly the Millennium Dome) in London which is 365m in diameter and supported by masts.

In the following, domes are classified according to three different categories. The defining criteron is in each case the diameter of the largest circular cross-section of the dome.

• The temporal dimension: World's largest domes in history
• The geographic dimension: Largest domes by continent
• The constructional dimension: Largest domes by structure

Contents 1 World's largest domes in history 2 By continent 2.1 Europe 2.2 North America 2.3 South America 2.4 Africa 2.5 Asia 2.6 Australia 3 By structure 3.1 Stone 3.2 Steel 3.3 Concrete 3.4 Masonry 4 The largest diameter monolithic dome in the world 4.1 Cast iron 4.2 Reinforced concrete 4.3 Wood 4.4 Famous large domes 5 References 6 External links

[edit] World's largest domes in history

Below is a list of buildings that have held the title of the largest dome in the world.^[1]

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Completed	Comment
1250 BC – 1st century BC	14.5 m[2]	Treasury of Atreus	Mycenae, Greece	City state of Mycenae	1300-1250 BC	Corbel dome
1st century BC – 128 AD	21.5 m[3]	Temple of Mercury	Baiae, Italy	Roman Empire	1st century BC	Concrete dome
128 – 1881	43.4 m[3]	Pantheon	Rome, Italy	Roman Empire	128	Largest unreinforced solid concrete dome in the world
1881 - 1902	44.2 m[4] or 46.9 m[5]	Devonshire Royal Hospital	Buxton, UK		1881	Converted from a horse stables to a hospital. Slate covered iron frame. Architect Robert Rippon Duke
1902 – 1913	59.45 m[6]	West Baden Springs Hotel	West Baden, Indiana, USA	Lee Wiley Sinclair	1902	Steel and glass dome. Architect Harrison Albright
1913 – 1930	65.0 m[7]	Centennial Hall	Breslau, Poland	Deutsches Reich	1913	Reinforced concrete dome. Architect Max Berg
1930 – 1944	65.8 m[8]	Leipzig Market Hall	Leipzig, Germany	Deutsches Reich	1930	Reinforced concrete dome. Architect Franz Dischinger
1944 – 1957	71.0 m[9]	V-2 Bunker La Coupole	Wizernes, France	Nazi Germany	1944	Reinforced concrete dome, 5m thick
1957 - 1965	109 m [10]	Belgrade Fair - Hall 1	Belgrade, Serbia	Belgrade Fair	1957	World's largest prestressed concrete dome.
1965 - 1992	216.4 m[citation needed]	Reliant Astrodome	Houston, Texas, USA	H.A. Lott, Inc.	1965	First domed sports stadium in the world
1992 – 1998	256.0 m[11]	Georgia Dome	Atlanta, Georgia, USA	Georgia World Congress Center Authority	1992	Cable-supported dome
1998 – present	365.0 m[12]	The O2 (formerly the Millennium Dome)	London, United Kingdom	English Partnerships	1999	Cable-supported dome

[edit] By continent

Below is a list of buildings that have held the title of the largest dome on their continent.^[1]

[edit] Europe

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Completed	Comment
1250 BC - 1st century BC	14.5 m[2]	Treasury of Atreus	Mycenae, Greece	City state of Mycenae	1300-1250 BC	Corbel dome
1st century BC - 128 AD	21.5 m[3]	Temple of Mercury	Baiae, Italy	Roman Empire	1st century BCE	Concrete dome
128 - 1881	43.4 m[3]	Pantheon	Rome, Italy	Roman Empire	128	Largest unreinforced solid concrete dome in the world
1881 - 1913	44.2 m[4] or 46.9 m[5]	Devonshire Royal Hospital	Buxton, UK		1881	Converted from a horse stables to a hospital. Slate covered iron frame. Architect Robert Rippon Duke
1913 - 1930	65.0 m[7]	Centennial Hall	Breslau, Poland	Deutsches Reich	1913	Reinforced concrete dome. Architect Max Berg
1930 - 1944	65.8 m[8]	Leipzig Market Hall	Leipzig, Germany	Deutsches Reich	1930	Reinforced concrete dome. Architect Franz Dischinger
1944 - 1957	71.0 m[9]	V2-Bunker La Coupole	Wizernes, France	Nazi Germany	1944	Reinforced concrete dome, 5m thick
1957 - 1998	109 m [13]	Belgrade Fair - Hall 1	Belgrade, Serbia	Belgrade Fair	1957	World's largest prestressed concrete dome.
1998 – present	365.0 m[12]	The O2 (formerly the Millennium Dome)	London, United Kingdom	English Partnerships	1999	Cable-supported dome

[edit] North America

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Constructed	Comment
1864 - 1902	29.0 m[14]	Capitol	Washington D.C., USA	USA	1864	Architect Thomas Walter
1902 - 1965	61.0 m[6]	West Baden Springs Hotel	West Baden, Indiana, USA	Lee Wiley Sinclair	1902	Architect Harrison Albright
1965 - 1992	216.4 m[citation needed]	Reliant Astrodome	Houston, Texas, USA	H.A. Lott, Inc.		First domed sports stadium in the world
1992 – present	256.0 m[11]	Georgia Dome	Atlanta, Georgia, USA	Georgia World Congress Center Authority	1992	Cable-supported dome

[edit] South America

Held record

Diameter

Name

Location

Builder

Constructed

Comment

[edit] Africa

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Constructed	Comment
	140.0 m[15]	Coca-Cola Dome	Johannesburg, South Africa

[edit] Asia

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Constructed	Comment
691 - 1659	20.37 m	Dome of the Rock	Jerusalem, Israel	Umayyad Empire	691	First monumental building of Islam, erected in Byzantine architectural style
1659 - 1960	37.9 m	Gol Gumbaz	Bijapur, India	Sultanate of Bijapur	1659	Mausoleum of Muhammad Adil Shah II (1627-57) of the Adil Shahi dynasty of the Sultanate of Bijapur.
1960 - present	108 m	Araneta Coliseum	Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines	J. Amado Araneta	1960	Also known as the Big Dome, it opened as the world's biggest indoor venue in 1960.

[edit] Australia

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Constructed	Comment

[edit] By structure

Below is a list of buildings that have held the title of the largest dome in terms of their structure.^[1]

[edit] Stone

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Completed	Comment
1250 BC - present	14.5 m[2]	Treasury of Atreus	Mycenae, Greece	City state of Mycenae	1300-1250 BC	Corbel dome

[edit] Steel

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Completed	Comment
1902-1913	61 m	West Baden Springs Hotel	West Baden, Indiana USA	Lee Wiley Sinclair	1902	steel and glass construction

[edit] Concrete

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Completed	Comment
1st century BC - 128 AD	21.5 m[3]	'Temple of Mercury'	Baiae, Italy	Roman Empire	1st century BC	Concrete dome
128 - present	43.4 m[3]	Pantheon	Rome, Italy	Roman Empire	128	Largest unreinforced solid concrete dome in the world

[edit] Masonry

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Completed	Comment
563-1436	31.5 m	Hagia Sophia	Istanbul, Turkey	Byzantine Empire	563	First pendentive dome in history. First completed in 537, rebuilt in 563 after earthquake. Architects Anthemius of Tralles and Isidore of Miletus.
1436 - 1969	42-45 m[16]	The Duomo	Florence, Italy	City state of Florence	1436	First double-dome structure in Europe
1969 - present	72 m	Masjid e Tooba	Karachi, Pakistan	Defense Housing Society, Karachi	1969

[edit] The largest diameter monolithic dome in the world

Faith Chapel Christian Center is the largest monolithic dome built to date. With a diameter of 280 feet and a height of 72 feet, the dome provides 61,575 square feet of interior space and seating for 3000.

The church was designed by architect Rick Crandall and Dome Technology of Idaho Falls, Idaho. Contractor Gary C. Wyatt out of Birmingham, Alabama built the dome shell.

[edit] Cast iron

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Completed	Comment
1864 - present	29.0 m[14]	United States Capitol dome	Washington D.C., USA	USA	1864	Architect Thomas Walter

[edit] Reinforced concrete

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Completed	Comment
1913 - 1930	65.0 m[7]	Centennial Hall	Breslau, Poland	Deutsches Reich	1913	Reinforced concrete dome. Architect Max Berg
1930 - 1944	65.8 m[8]	Leipzig Market Hall	Leipzig, Germany	Deutsches Reich	1930	Reinforced concrete dome. Architect Franz Dischinger
1944 - present	71.0 m[9]	V2-Bunker La Coupole	Wizernes, France	Nazi Germany	1944	Reinforced concrete dome, 5m thick

[edit] Wood

Held record	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Completed	Comment
1977 - 1983	153.0 m	Walkup Skydome	Flagstaff, Arizona, USA	Northern Arizona University	1977	Geodesic dome
1983 - 1991	161.5 m[citation needed](→Tacoma Dome)	Tacoma Dome	Tacoma, Washington, USA	City of Tacoma, WA	1983	Geodesic dome
1991 - present	163.4 m[citation needed](→Superior Dome)	Superior Dome	Marquette, Michigan, USA	State of Michigan/Northern Michigan University	1991	Geodesic dome

[edit] Famous large domes

Below is a list of large domes which are considered particularly important for various reasons.^[1]

Completed	Diameter	Name	Location	Builder	Comment
1227	21.0 m long 16.9 m wide[17]	St. Gereon's Basilica	Cologne, Germany	Bishop or city?	Oval shape, largest occidental dome built between Hagia Sophia and the Duomo
1405	18.2 m	Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasavi	Türkistan, Kazakhstan	Tamerlane	Double dome
1557	27.2 m	Suleiman Mosque	Istanbul, Turkey	Ottoman Empire	Architect Sinan
1575	31.2 m[18]	Selimiye Mosque	Edirne, Turkey	Ottoman Empire	Architect Sinan
1590	42.3 m	St. Peter's Basilica	Rome, Vatican City	The Holy See	Double dome
1641	17.7 m[19]	Taj Mahal	Agra, India	Mughal Empire
1710	30.8 m[20]	St. Paul's Cathedral	London, England	Christopher Wren	Double dome. the two domes are separated by a cone over the top of the inner which helps support the outer
1781	36.0m[21]	St. Blaise's Abbey	St. Blaise, Germany	Pierre Michel d'Ixnard	Third widest dome in Europe at the time of its construction.[21]
1871	45.0 m[22]	Mosta Dome	Mosta, Malta	George Grongnet de Vassé	The third largest unsupported dome in the world.
1894	31.0m[23]	Marble Church	Copenhagen, Denmark	Frederick V	Built from 1749 to 1894 by three different architects, with no construction done from 1770 to 1877.
1960	108 m	Araneta Coliseum	Quezon City, Philippines	J. Amado Araneta	Also known as the Big Dome, it opened as the world's biggest indoor venue in 1960.
1988	170ft (diameter) and ?? (height)	Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque	Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia		Biggest mosque in Malaysia, second biggest mosque in South East Asia, also known as Blue Mosque, the minaret(460ft) listed in Guinness World Record as having the tallest minaret in the world until takeover by the King Hassan II Mosque in Casablanca and can accommodate up to 16,000 workshippers at a time.

Interior of the West Baden Springs Hotel's steel and glass dome built in 1902

Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• The Roman Pantheon: The Triumph of Concrete
• Eye-Catching New Exterior for Faith Chapel
• Faith Chapel Christian Center
• Faith Chapel Christian Center Prepares For Expansion

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