List of Indian monarchs
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The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several lists of incumbents.
Rulers and dynasties who ruled a portion of the Indian subcontinent and were based in South Asia will be included in this list.
For more information, see History of South Asia.
[edit] Mythical Sun Dynasty (c. 1700 BC - 1500 BC)
- Vivasvant - the Sun God, who commenced this clan
- Akash - the Sky God, the ruler of this clan and protector of mankind
- Manu - the King of all mankind and the first human being
- Ikshvaku - first prominent monarch of the Ikshvaku dynasty and the son of Manu.
- Kukshi - the only son of King Iksvaku
- Vikukshi - According to the Brahma Purana, Vikukshi was sent to fetch meat for the sacrifice to be performed by his father. While hunting game, the prince was overcome by hunger and ate some of the meat destined for the sacrifice. This was an act of sacrilege, therefore, Vashistha ordered King Kukshi to banish him from the kingdom. He is also known as "Sashada", one who has eaten the meat of a rabbit
- Bana
- King Anaranya
- Prithu
- Trishanku - His original name was Satyavrata. His son was Dhundumara. Satyavrata committed three sins, and hence he got the name Trishanku. First, while a prince, he misbehaved in the kingdom and was temporarily exiled. Next, he killed the milch cow of his perceptor Vasishta. His third sin was that he used the unsanctified meat of his kill as food. He also had a quench to ascend heaven in his mortal body. Since, Vashistha denied him this right, since it is against nature to ascend heaven as a mortal, Vishwamitra created a heaven for him, called "Trishank's Heaven", which is located in mid-air
- Dhundumara
- Yuvanashva - He is referred to as the "speediest charioteer" (Rama 1.70.25)
- Mandhata - One of the most illustrious monarchs. He was very powerful who was equally in power to the Lord of Lanka, Ravana. He wanted to attain the Kingdom of Heaven, ruled by Lord Indra, whoever, he was sent to fight Lavnasur, who eventually defeated him through his Trishul granted by Lord Shiva
The Bengali idiom Mandhatar amol ('time of Mandhata') refers to something held antiquated.
- Sushandi - He had two sons, Dhruvasandhi and Prasenajit
- Dhruvasandhi
- Bharata
- Asita - He was defeated by rival Kings from the clans of Haihayas, Talajanghas and Shashabindhus in battle. He fled to the Himalayas with his two wives. While there, he fell ill and died. At the time of his death, both his wives were pregnant. One of the wives, named Kalindi was given poison by the other, with the intention of inducing abortion. However, when both went to the hermitage of sage Chyavana, he blessed the poisoned wife, saying, "A highly illustrious son shall be born to you. He shall be born with the toxin in his body, but shall live a full life." He then gave her asylum. Sagara, was born to her, with poison in his body as foretold by the sage
- Sagara - When he grew up, Sage Chyavana told him of how his father had to flee from his enemies, three Kings from the clans of Haihayas, Talajanghas, and Sashabindhus. Sagara, who by then had become an accomplished warrior, amassed an army and succeeded in defeating his father's enemies and regained his kingdom. Due to his kindness, sea was given a vast place on Earth from the netherworld. Therefore, the sea is also known as Sagar, taken from the donator
- Asmanjya
- Amshuman
- Dilip
- Bhagirath - The ancestors of King Bhageeratha had been burnt to ashes by the great sage Kapila in the netherworld. Since no one had performed their funeral rites, they could not ascend to heaven. When Bhagirath came to know of this, he sought the advise of learned men, as to the means by which his ancestors could be freed from this state. Their advice was unequivocal, "Only the Sacred river Ganga, that flows in the heavens can wash away the sins of your ancestors. Unless you bring her down to the earth to wet the ashes of your ancestors, they will be eternally cursed". Accordingly Bhagirath started to perform a terrible penance. He underwent many agonizing trials and set-backs, but he persevered. At last he obtained the boon that Ganga would flow on earth. However, the earth could not stand the force of her flow, so he sought the help of Lord Shiva to control the river's flow. Shiva arrested major portion of the river in his matted locks and let only a small portion flow to the earth, thereby making it possible for the earth to bear the burden. Ganga washed away the sins, and helped the ancestors of Bhagirath to ascend to heaven. Since she was brought to earth by the efforts of Bhagirath, she is also called Bhagirathi.
- Kakutstha - son of Great King Sagar
- Raghu - Due to his extreme kindness and supreme valor, the Sun Dynasty is also known as Raghu Dynasty (Raghuvansha).
- Pravriddha - Once, he angered his perceptor Vasishta, who cursed him. Pravriddha wanted to curse him back, and took water from his vessel for that purpose. However, his queen Madayanti restrained him. The magical water fell on his feet, that became blemished as a result. From that day, he was known as Kalmashapada ('one of blemished feet'). Later, he got into an argument with Shakti regarding right-of-way in a forest lane. Vishwamitra, who was the rival of Vasishta, seized this opportunity and caused the spirit of a flesh-eating demon to enter the body of the King. Thus possessed, the King devoured Shakti alive. He also killed the other ninety-nine sons of Vasishta in a similar fashion. Later, he was freed from the curse, but could not father a child due to the curse uttered by a Brahmana woman. So, Vasishta went unto his queen Madayanti and begat Shankana
- Shankana
- Sudarshana
- Agnivarna
- Shigragha
- Maru
- Prashushruka
- Ambarisha
- Nahusa
- Yayati
- Nabhaga
- Aja - father of King Dashrath.
- Dashrath - father of Lord Ram, Bharat, Lakshman and Shatrughan. He is very well known for his encounter with the Asuras in the Deva-Asura Sangram (God-Demigod Fight) in which he helped Lord Indra
- Ram
[edit] Mythical Puru-Bharata-Kuru-Pandava Dynasty (c. 1700 BC - 1026 AD)
Please note that these dates are debated among scholars of Indology.
[edit] Mythical Bharata Dynasty (c. 1700-1400 BC)
- Manu Vaivasvata (from c. 1600 BC)
- Sudyumna
- Yayati, great-grandson of Sudyumna
- Dushyanta, father of Bharata
- Bharata, son of Dushyanta, India's native name Bharatavarsha (Bharat) is named after him
- Bhimanyu, son of Bharata
- Sudas
- Rsabha
- Srestha
- Vidura
- Bharata Muni
- Artha-Vinirnayah (until c. 1400 BC)
[edit] Mythical Puru Dynasty (c. 1400-1200 BC)
- Puru-rava Aila (from c. 1400 BC), descendant of the Bharata dynasty
- Ayu
- Yayati Nahushya
- Dauhshanti Saudyumni
- Ajamidha
- Riksha
- Trasadasyu
- Samavarana (until c. 1200 BC)
[edit] Kuru Dynasty (c. 1400-450 BC)
- Kuru-Sravana (from c. 1200 BC), son of Puru king Samavarana, featured in the ancient epic Mahabharata (see Kuru (Hindu mythology))
- Uchchaihsravas Kaupayeya
- Prati sutvana
- Bahlika Pratipeya
- Santanu
- Chitrāngada
- Vichitravirya the last scion of the Kuru dynasty, died issueless.
- Satyavati wife of King Santanu, ruled after Vichitravirya's untimely death.
- Dhritarashtra son of sage Rishi Ved Vyasa (who was step son of queen Satyavati)
[edit] Pandava Dynasty (c.1200-1100BC)
- Yudhishtra Pandava son of king Pandu succeeded Dhritarashtra after the Kurukshetra war
- Parikshita, featured in the Mahabharata as the grandson of Arjuna Pandava (a central character)
- Janamejaya (until c. 1000 BC), son of Parikshita Pandava
- Korayvya (c. 600-550 BC)
- Dhananjaya (c. 550-500 BC), said to be a descendant of Yudhishtra Pandava (a central character in the Mahabharata)
- Ratthapala (c. 500-450 BC), embraced Buddhism, the Kuru kingdom soon became a republic
- Ambhi (Omphis/Taxiles in Greek) (until c. 320 BC), descendant of the Pandava dynasty, ruled Taxila (Takshashila) in Pakistan, surrendered Taxila to Alexander
- Por (King Porus in Greek Chronicles) (until c. 320 BC), descendant of the Pandava dynasty, ruled Jhelum (Hydaspes) and Chenab in Pakistan, fought Alexander in the Battle of the Hydaspes River
- Malayaketu (c. 320-316 BC), son of Rai Por (Porus), killed in the Battle of Gabiene
[edit] Janjua Shahi Dynasty (964-1026 AD)
- Jayapala (964-1001), son of Asatapala deva, descendant of the Pandava dynasty
- Anandapala (c. 1001-1011), son of Jayapala
- Trilochanpala (c. 1011-1022), son of Anandapala, assassinated in 1021-1022
- Bhímapála (c. 1022-1026), son of Tirlochanpala.
[edit] Magadhan Kings (c. 1700 BC - 550 AD)
[edit] Brihadratha Dynasty (c. 1700-799 BC)
- Brihadratha
- Jarasandha
- Sahadeva
- Somapi (1678-1618 BC)
- Srutasravas (1618-1551 BC)
- Ayutayus (1551-1515 BC)
- Niramitra (1515-1415 BC)
- Sukshatra (1415-1407 BC)
- Brihatkarman (1407-1384 BC)
- Senajit (1384-1361 BC)
- Srutanjaya (1361-1321 BC)
- Vipra (1321-1296 BC)
- Suchi (1296-1238 BC)
- Kshemya (1238-1210 BC)
- Subrata (1210-1150 BC)
- Dharma (1150-1145 BC)
- Susuma (1145-1107 BC)
- Dridhasena (1107-1059 BC)
- Sumati (1059-1026 BC)
- Subhala (1026-1004 BC)
- Sunita (1004-964 BC)
- Satyajit (964-884 BC)
- Biswajit (884-849 BC)
- Ripunjaya (849-799 BC)
[edit] Pradyota dynasty (799-684 BC)
- Pradyota
- Palaka
- Visakhayupa
- Ajaka
- Varttivarddhana
[edit] Shishunaga Dynasty (684-424 BC)
- Shishunaga (684-644 BC), established the kingdom of Magadha
- Kakavarna (644-618 BC)
- Kshemadharman (618-582 BC)
- Kshatraujas (582-558 BC)
- Bimbisara (544-491 BC), founder of the first Magadhan empire
- Ajatashatru (491-461 BC)
- Darshaka (from 461 BC)
- Udayin
- Nandivardhana
- Mahanandin (until 424 BC), his empire is inherited by his illegitimate son Mahapadma Nanda
[edit] Shakya Dynasty (c. 650-500 BC)
- Suddhodana Gautama (c. 600-500 BC), king of the Shakyas, father of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)
- Maya (c. 600-500 BC), queen of the Shakyas, wife and cousin of Suddhodana, mother of Siddhartha
- Suprahuddha (c. 600-500 BC), lord of Devadaha Castle, brother of Maya, father of princess Yashodhara (wife of Buddha)
[edit] Nanda Dynasty (424-321 BC)
- Mahapadma Nanda (from 424 BC), illegitimate son of Mahanandin, founded the Nanda Empire after inheriting Mahanandin's empire
- Pandhuka
- Panghupati
- Bhutapala
- Rashtrapala
- Govishanaka
- Dashasidkhaka
- Kaivarta
- Dhana (Agrammes, Xandrammes) (until 321 BC), lost his empire to Chandragupta Maurya after being defeated by him
[edit] Maurya Dynasty (324-184 BC)
- Chandragupta Maurya (Sandrakottos) (324-301 BC), founded the Mauryan Empire after defeating both the Nanda Empire and the Macedonian Seleucid Empire, claimed descent from Shakya dynasty
- Bindusara Amitraghata (301-273 BC)
- Ashoka Vardhana (Ashoka the Great) (273-232 BC), considered the greatest ancient Indian emperor, first emperor to unify India (after conquering most of South Asia and Afghanistan), adopt Buddhism, grant animal rights and promote non-violence
- Dasaratha (232-224 BC)
- Samprati (224-215 BC)
- Salisuka (215-202 BC)
- Devavarman (202-195 BC)
- Satadhanvan (195-187 BC), the Mauryan Empire had shrunk by the time of his reign
- Brhadratha (187-184 BC), assassinated by Pusyamitra Shunga
[edit] Shunga Dynasty (185-73 BC)
- Pusyamitra Shunga (185-149 BC), founded the dynasty after assassinating Brhadratha
- Agnimitra (149-141 BC), son and successor of Pusyamitra
- Vasujyeshtha (141-131 BC)
- Vasumitra (131-124 BC)
- Andhraka (124-122 BC)
- Pulindaka (122-119 BC)
- Ghosha
- Vajramitra
- Bhagabhadra, mentioned by the Puranas
- Devabhuti (83-73 BC), last Sunga king
[edit] Kanva Dynasty (73-26 BC)
- Vasudeva (from 73 BC)
- Successors of Vasudeva (until 26 BC)
[edit] Gupta Dynasty (c. 240-550 AD)
- Sri-Gupta I (c. 240-290)
- Ghatotkacha (290-305)
- Chandra Gupta I (305-335), founder of the Gupta Empire, which is often regarded as the golden age of Indian culture
- Samudra Gupta (335-370)
- Rama Gupta(370-375)
- Chandra Gupta II (Chandragupta Vikramaditya) (375-415), son of Samudra Gupta, the Gupta Empire achieved its zenith under his reign, the Chinese pilgrim Fa-Hsien describes Indian culture during his reign
- Kumara Gupta I (415-455)
- Skanda Gupta (455-467)
- Kumara Gupta II(467-477)
- Buddha Gupta (477-496)
- Chandra Gupta III(496-500)
- Vainya Gupta (500-515)
- Narasimha Gupta(515-530)
- Kumara Gupta III (530-540)
- Vishnu Gupta (c. 540-550)
[edit] Western Kshatrapas
- Nahapana (119-124 AD)
- Castanafl (c 120)
- Rudradaman I (c 130-150)
- Damajadasri I (170-175)
- Jivadaman (175 d 199)
- Rudrasimha I (175-188 d 197)
- Isvaradatta (188-191)
- Rudrasimha I (restored)]] (191-197)
- Jivadaman (restored)]] (197-199)
- Rudrasena I (200-222)
- Samghadaman (222-223)
- Damasena (223-232)
- Damajadasri II (232-239) with
- Viradaman (234-238)
- Yasodaman I (239)
- Vijayasena (239-250)
- Damajadasri III (251-255)
- Rudrasena II (255-277)
- Visvasimha (277-282)
- Bhartridaman (282-295) with
- Visvasena (293-304)
- Rudrasimha II (304-348) with
- Yasodaman II (317-332)
- Rudradaman II (332-348)
- Rudrasena III (348-380)
- Simhasena (380- ?)
[edit] Bana Dynasty rule Magadaimandalam (c.1190-1260 AD)
[edit] Kadava Dynasty (c. 1216-1279 AD)
[edit] Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - Present)
[edit] Central Pandya Dynasty (c. 550 BC - 1311 AD)
- Kulasekara (c. 550-450 BC)
- Pandion (c. 50 BC - 50 AD), known as Pandion to Greeks and Romans
- Kadungon (c. 600-700 AD), revived the dynasty
- Pandalathu Thampuran (from c. 1102)
- Punjattil Thampuran (from c. 1102)
- Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan (1251-1268), revived Pandyan glory, considered one of the greatest conquerors of Southern India
- Maravarman Sundara Pandyan
- Maravarman Kulasekaran I (1268-1308)
- Sundara Pandya (1308-1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother Vira Pandya over the throne
- Vira Pandya (1308-1311), son of Maravarman Kulasekaran, fought with his brother of Sundara Pandya over the throne, Madurai was conquered by the Khilji dynasty
[edit] Pandalam Dynasty (903 - Present)
- Raja Rajasekhara (c. 1200-1500), descendant of the Pandya Dynasty, father of Ayyappan (often regarded as a Hindu deity)
- Punartham Naal Ravi Varma Thampuran (c. 1950-2002)
- Revathi Nal Rama Varma Raja (2002 - Present), currently the Raja of the Pandalam dynasty, living in Kerala at present
[edit] Foreign Emperors in North-Western India (c. 538 BC - 750 AD)
These empires were vast, centered in Persia or the Mediterranean; their satrapies (provinces) in India were at their outskirts.
[edit] Persian Achaemenid Dynasty (c. 538-330 BC)
- Cyrus the Great (c. 538-529 BC), established the Achaemenid Empire, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan
- Cambyses II (530-521 BC)
- Smerdis (521 BC)
- Darius I (521-486 BC)
- Xerxes I (486-465 BC)
- Artaxerxes I (474-424 BC)
- Xerxes II (424-423 BC)
- Sogdianus (424-423 BC)
- Darius II (424-404 BC)
- Artaxerxes II (404-358 BC)
- Artaxerxes III (358-338 BC)
- Artaxerxes IV Arses (338-336 BC)
- Darius III Codomannus (336-330 BC), defeated by King Alexander the Great (who replaces the Achaemenid Empire with the Macedonian Empire)
[edit] Argead Dynasty (326-323 BC)
- Alexander the Great (326-323 BC), founded the Macedonian Empire after conquering the Achaemenid Empire, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan, fought Porus (Purushottama) in the Battle of the Hydaspes River; his empire is quickly divided amongst the so-called diadochoi
[edit] Seleucid Diadochi (323-321 BC)
- Seleucus Nicator (323-321 BC), diadochos general who founded the Seleucid Empire in the eastern part of the Macedonian empire after gaining control following Alexander's death, loses his territories in Pakistan and Afghanistan after being defeated by Chandragupta Maurya (Sandrakottos)
[edit] Arab Umayyad Caliphate (711-750 AD)
- Muhammad bin Qasim (711-715), an Arab general, conquered Sindh, Balochistan and southern Punjab and ruled these lands on behalf of the Ummayyid Caliph (political and spiritual leader of Islam), Al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik
- Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik (715-717)
- Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (717–720)
- Yazid ibn Abd al-Malik (720–724)
- Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik (724–743)
- al-Walid ibn Yazid (743–744)
- Yazid ibn al-Walid (744)
- Ibrahim ibn al-Walid (744)
- Marwan II ibn Muhammad (744–750)
[edit] Chera dynasty (c. 300 BC - 1314 AD)
[edit] Ancient Chera Kings (c. 300 BC - 397 AD)
- Udiyancheralatan
- Antuvancheral
- Imayavaramban Nedun-Cheralatan (56-115 AD)
- Cheran Chenkutuvan (from 115)
- Palyanai Sel-Kelu Kuttuvan (115-130)
- Poraiyan Kadungo (from 115)
- Kalankai-Kanni Narmudi Cheral (115-140)
- Vel-Kelu Kuttuvan (130-185)
- Selvak-Kadungo (131-155)
- Adukotpattu Cheralatan (140-178)
- Kuttuvan Irumporai (178-185)
- Tagadur Erinda Perumcheral (185-201)
- Yanaikat-sey Mantaran Cheral (201-241)
- Ilamcheral Irumporai (241-257)
- Perumkadungo (257-287)
- Ilamkadungo (287-317)
- Kanaikal Irumporai (367-397)
[edit] Kulashekhara Dynasty (825-1314 AD)
- Rama Varma Kulashekhara (1020-1102), descendant of the Cheras
- Ravi Varma Kulashekhara (c. 1250-1314), last of the Cheras
[edit] Satavahana Dynasty (c. 230 BC - 199 AD)
- Simuka (c. 230-207 BC)
- Kanha (or Krishna) (207-189 BC)
- Satakarni I
- Hala (20-24 AD)
- Gautamiputra Satakarni (106-130)
- Vashishtiputra Pulumayi (130-158)
- Vashishtiputra Satakarni (c. 158-170)
- Sri Yajna Satakarni (c. 170-199)
[edit] Hellenistic Euthydemid Dynasty (c. 221-85 BC)
Unlike the far larger empires of Alexander the Great and his Seleukid diadoch, centered in the region
- Euthydemus I (c. 221-206 BC), Greco-Bactrian king
- Demetrius I (c. 200–170 BC), son of Euthydemus I, conquered parts of what is now Pakistan
- Apollodotus I (180-160 BC), successor of Demetrius
- Agathocles (190-180 BC)
- Pantaleon (190-185 BC)
- Apollodotus I (reigned c. 180–160 BC)
- Antimachus II Nikephoros (160-155 BC)
- Demetrius II (155-150 BC)
- Menander I (c. 150–135 BC)
- Agathokleia (c. 135-125 BC), probably widow of Menander, queen-mother and regent for her son Strato
- Strato I (125-110 BC), son of Menander and Agathokleia
- Heliokles II (110-100 BC)
- Polyxenios (c. 100 BC), possibly in Gandhara
- Demetrius III Aniketos (c. 100 BC)
- Amyntas (95-90 BC)
- Peukolaos (c. 90 BC)
- Menander II Dikaios "The Just" (90 - 85 BC)
- Archebios (90-85 BC)
[edit] Chola Dynasty (c. 100 AD - 1279 AD)
[edit] Sangam Cholas (c. 100 AD - 240 AD)
- Ilamcetcenni c.100 AD
- Karikala Chola c.120 AD
- Nedunkilli c.150 AD
- Nalankilli c.150 AD
- Killivalavan c. 200 AD
- Perunarkilli c. 300 AD
- Kocengannan c. 220 AD
[edit] Chola Emperors (848-1279 AD)
- Vijayalaya Chola (848-881), founder of the Chola Empire
- Aditya (871-907)
- Parantaka I (907-955)
- Gandaraditya (950-957)
- Arinjaya (956-957)
- Parantaka Chola II (957-970)
- Uttama Chola (973-985)
- Rajaraja Chola I (985-1014), considered the greatest of all Cholas, expanded the Chola Empire overseas to Sri Lanka
- Rajendra Chola I (1012-1044), expanded the Chola Empire overseas to South-East Asia
- Rajadhiraja Chola I (1018-1054)
- Rajendra Chola II (1051-1063)
- Virarajendra Chola (1063-1070)
- Athirajendra Chola (1067-1070)
- Vikkrama Chola (1118-1135)
- Kulotunga Chola II (1133-1150)
- Rajaraja Chola II (1146-1163)
- Rajadiraja Chola II (1163-1178)
- Kulothunga Chola III (1178-1218)
- Rajaraja Chola III (1216-1256)
- Rajendra Chola III (1246-1279), last of the Cholas
[edit] Indo-Scythian Rulers (c. 85 BC - 45 AD)
[edit] North-western India (c. 90 BC - 10 AD)
- Maues (c. 85-60 BC)
- Vonones (c. 75-65 BC)
- Spalahores (c. 75-65 BC)
- Spalarises (c. 60-57 BC)
- Azes I (c. 57-35 BC)
- Azilises (c. 57-35 BC)
- Azes II (c. 35-12 BC)
- Zeionises (c. 10 BC - 10 AD)
- Kharahostes (c. 10 BC - 10 AD)
- Hajatria
- Liaka Kusuluka, satrap of Chuksa
- Kusulaka Patika, satrap of Chuksa and son of Liaka Kusulaka
[edit] Apracharaja Rulers (12 BC - 45 AD)
- Vijayamitra (12 BC - 15 AD)
- Itravasu (c. 20 AD)
- Aspavarma (15-45 AD)
[edit] Mathura area (c. 20 BC - 20 AD)
[edit] Minor local rulers
- Bhadrayasha Niggas
- Mamvadi
- Arsakes
[edit] Indo-Parthian Rulers (c. 21-100 AD)
- Gondophares I (c. 21-50)
- Abdagases I (c. 50-65)
- Satavastres (c. 60)
- Sarpedones (c.70)
- Orthagnes (c. 70)
- Ubouzanes (c. 77)
- Sases or Gondophares II (c. 85)
- Abdagases II (c. 90)
- Pakores (c. 100)
[edit] Kushana Dynasty (80-225)
- Vima Takto (c. 80–105), alias Soter Megas or "Great Saviour."
- Vima Kadphises (c. 105-127), the first great Kushan emperor
- Kanishka I (127–147)
- Vāsishka (c. 151–155)
- Huvishka (c. 155–187)
- Vasudeva I (c. 191–225), the last of the great Kushan emperors
[edit] Pallava Dynasty (275-882)
[edit] Early Pallavas (275-355)
- Simha Varman I (275-300 or 315-345)
- Skanda Varman I (345-355)
[edit] Middle Pallavas (355-537)
- Visnugopa (350-355)
- Kumaravisnu I (355-370)
- Skanda Varman II 370-385)
- Vira Varman (385-400)
- Skanda Varman III (400-438)
- Simha Varman II (438-460)
- Skanda Varman IV (460-480)
- Nandi Varman I (480-500)
- Kumaravisnu II (c. 500-510)
- Buddha Varman (c. 510-520)
- Kumaravisnu III (c. 520-530)
- Simha Varman III (c. 530-537)
[edit] Later Pallavas (537-882)
- Simha Vishnu (537-570)
- Mahendra Varman I (571-630)
- Narasimha Varman (Mamalla) (630-668)
- Mahendra Varman II (668-672)
- Paramesvara Varman (672-700)
- Narasimha Varman (Raja Simha) 700-728)
- Parameswaran II (705-710)
- Nandi Varman II (732-796)
- Thandi Varman (775-825)
- Nandi Varman III (825-869)
- Nirupathungan (869-882)
[edit] Kadambas of Banavasi (345-525 AD)
- Mayura Sharma (Varma) (345-365)
- Kangavarma (365-390)
- Bagitarha (390-415)
- Raghu (415-435)
- Kakusthavarma (435-455)
- Santivarma (455-460)
- Mrigeshavarma (460-480)
- Shivamandhativarma (480-485)
- Ravivarma (485-519)
- Harivarma (519-525)
[edit] Western Ganga dynasty of Talakad (350-1024 AD)
- Konganivarma Madhava 350 - 370
- Madhava II 370 - 390
- Harivarman 390 - 410
- Vishnugopa 410 - 430
- Tadangala Madhava 430 - 466
- Avinita 466 - 495
- Durvinita 495 - 535
- Mushkara 535 - 585
- Srivikrama 585 - 635
- Bhuvikarma 635 - 679
- Shivamara I 679 - 725
- Sripurusha 725 - 788
- Shivamara II 788 - 816
- Rajamalla I 817 - 853
- Nitimarga Ereganga 853 - 869
- Rajamalla II 870 - 907 AD
- Ereyappa Nitimarga II 907 - 919
- Narasimhadeva 919 - 925
- Rajamalla III 925 - 935
- Butuga II 935 - 960
- Takkolam in 949
- Maruladeva 960 - 963
- Marasimha III 963 - 974
- Rajamalla IV 974 - 985
- Rakkasa Ganga 985 - 1024
[edit] Chalukya Dynasty (543-1156)
[edit] Chalukyas of Badami (543-757)
- Pulakesi I (543-566)
- Kirtivarman I (566-597)
- Mangalesa (597-609)
- Pulakesi II (609-642)
- Vikramaditya I (655-680)
- Vinayaditya (680-696)
- Vijayaditya (696-733)
- Vikramaditya II (733-746)
- Kirtivarman II (746-757)
[edit] Chalukyas of Kalyani (973-1156)
- Tailapa Ahavamalla (973-997)
- Satyasraya Irivabedanga (997-1008)
- Vikramaditya V (1008-1014)
- Ayyana (1014-1015)
- Jayasimha II (1015-1042)
- Someshvara I (1042-1068)
- Someshvara II (1068-1076)
- Vikramaditya VI (1076-1127)
- Someshvara III (1127-1138)
- Jagadekamalla (1138-1151)
- Tailapa (1151-1156)
- Someshwara IV (1183-1189)
[edit] Shashanka dynasty (600-625)
- Shashanka (600-625), first recorded independent king of Bengal, created the first unified political entity in Bengal
[edit] Harsha dynasty (606-648)
- Harsha Vardhana (606-648), unified Northern India and ruled it for over 40 years, he was the last non-Muslim emperor to rule a unified Northern India
[edit] Rashtrakutas of Manyaketha (735-982)
- Dantidurga (735-756)
- Krishna I (756-774)
- Govinda II (774-780)
- Dhruva Dharavarsha (780-793)
- Govinda III (793-814)
- Amoghavarsha I (814-878)
- Krishna II Akalavarsha (878-914)
- Indra III (914-929)
- Amoghavarsha II (929-930)
- Govinda IV (930-935)
- Amoghavarsha III (934-939)
- Krishna III (939-967)
- Khottiga Amoghavarsha (967-972)
- Karka II Amoghhavarsha IV (972-973)
- Indra IV (973-982),only a claimer for the lost throne.
[edit] Shahi Dynasty (c. 890-895)
[edit] Brahmin Shahi Dynasty (c. 890-964)
- Lalliya (c. 890-895)
- Kamaluka (895-921)
- Bhima (921-964), son of Kamaluka
[edit] Janjua Shahi Dynasty (964-1026 AD)
- Jayapala (964-1001)
- Anandapala (1001-1011)
- Trilochanpala (1011-1022)
- Bhímapála (1022-1026)
[edit] Parmaras of Malwa
- Upendra (c 800-c 818)
- Vairisimha I (c 818-c 843)
- Siyaka I (c 843-c 893)
- Vakpati (c 893-c 918)
- Vairisimha II (c 918-c 948)
- Siyaka II (c 948-c 974)
- Vakpatiraja (c 974-c 995)
- Sindhuraja (c 995-c 1010)
- Bhoja I (c 1010-c 1055)
- Jayasimha I (c 1055-c 1060)
- Udayaditya (c 1060-c 1087)
- Lakshmanadeva (c 1087-c 1097)
- Naravarman (c 1097-c 1134)
- Yasovarman (c 1134-c 1142)
- Jayavarman I (c 1142-c 1160)
- Vindhyavarman (c 1160-c 1193)
- Subhatavarman (c 1193-c 1210)
- Arjunavarman I (c 1210-c 1218)
- Devapala (c 1218-c 1239)
- Jaitugideva (c 1239-c 1256)
- Jayavarman II (c 1256-c 1269)
- Jayasimha II (c 1269-c 1274)
- Arjunavarman II (c 1274-c 1283)
- Bhoja II (c 1283- ?)
- Mahlakadeva (c ? -c 1305)
[edit] Seuna Yadavas of Devagiri ((850 - 1334)
- Dridhaprahara
- Seunachandra 850 - 874 C.E.
- Dhadiyappa 874 - 900 C.E.
- Bhillama I 900 - 925 C.E.
- Vadugi (Vaddiga) 950 - 974 C.E.
- Dhadiyappa II 974 - 975 C.E.
- Bhillama II 975 - 1005 C.E.
- Vesugi I 1005 - 1020 C.E.
- Bhillama III 1020 - 1055 C.E.
- Vesugi II 1055 - 1068 C.E.
- Bhillama III 1068 C.E.
- Seunachandra II 1068 - 1085 C.E.
- Airamadeva 1085 - 1115 C.E.
- Singhana I 1115 - 1145 C.E.
- Mallugi I 1145 - 1150 C.E.
- Amaragangeyya 1150 - 1160 C.E.
- Govindaraja 1160
- Amara Mallugi II 1160 - 1165 C.E.
- Kaliya Ballala 1165 - 1173 C.E.
- Bhillama V 1173 - 1192 C.E., Proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya
- Jaitugi I 1192 - 1200 C.E.
- Singhana II 1200 - 1247 C.E.
- Kannara 1247 - 1261 C.E.
- Mahadeva 1261 - 1271 C.E.
- Amana 1271 C.E.
- Ramachandra 1271 - 1312 C.E.
- Singhana III 1312 - 1313 C.E.
- Harapaladeva 1313 - 1318 C.E.
- Mallugi III 1318 - 1334 C.E.
[edit] Hoysala Dynasty (1000-1346)
- Nripa Kama (1000-1045)
- Vinayaditya I (1045-1098)
- Ereyanga (1098-1100)
- Ballala (1100-1108)
- Vishnuvardhana (1108-1142)
- Narasimha I (1142-1173), proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukya
- Ballala II (1173-1220)
- Narasimha II (1220-1235)
- Vira Someshwara (1235-1253)
- Narasimha III and Ramanatha (1253-1295)
- Ballala III (1295-1342)
[edit] Kalachuri (Southern) Dynasty (1130 - 1184)
- Bijjala II (1130-1167): proclaimed independence from Kalyani Chalukyas in 1162AD.
- Sovideva (1168 - 1176)
- Mallugi --> overthrown by brother Sankama
- Sankama (1176 - 1180)
- Ahavamalla (1180-83)
- Singhana (1183-84)
[edit] Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526)
Despite the name, the capital was repeatedly elsewhere then Delhi city, not always near
[edit] Slave Dynasty (1206-1290)
- Qutb-ud-din Aybak (1206-1210)
- Aram Shah (1210-1211)
- Shams-ud-din Iltutmish (1211-1236)
- Rukn-ud-din Firuz (1236)
- Raziyyat ud din Sultana (1236-1240)
- Muiz-ud-din Bahram (1240-1242)
- Ala-ud-din Masud (1242-1246)
- Nasir-ud-din Mahmud (1246-1266)
- Ghiyas-ud-din Balban (1266-1286)
- Muiz-ud-din Qaiqabad (1286-1290)
[edit] Khilji Dynasty (1290-1320)
- Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji (1290-1296), founder of the Khilji dynasty, defeated some invading Mongol armies
- Ala ud din Khilji (1296-1316), considered the greatest of the Delhi Sultans, unified India and defeated a number of invading Mongol armies
- Qutb ud din Mubarak Shah (1316-1320), the Delhi Sultanate had shrunk during his reign
[edit] Tughlaq Dynasty (1321-1398)
- Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq (1321-1325)
- Muhammad bin Tughluq (1325-1351)
- Firuz Shah Tughluq (1351-1388)
- Ghiyath al-Din Tughlaq II (1388-1389)
- Abu Baker (1389-1390)
- Nasir al-Din Muhammad (1390-1394)
- Mahmud Nasir al-Din (Sultan Mahmud) at Delhi (1394-1413)
- Nusrat Shah at Firuzabad
Invasion of Timur in 1398 and the end of the Tughluq Dynasty as known earlier.
[edit] Sayyid Dynasty (1414-1451)
- Khizr (1414-1421)
- Mubarik II (1421-1434)
- Muhamed IV (1434-1445)
- Alem I (1445-1451)
[edit] Lodi Dynasty (1451-1526)
- Bahlul Khan Lodi (1451-1489)
- Sikandar Lodi (1489-1517)
- Ibrahim Lodi (1517-1526), defeated by Babur (who replaces the Delhi Sultanate with the Mughal Empire)
[edit] Malwa Sultanate
[edit] Ghorids
- Dilavar Khan Husain (1390-1405)
- Alp Khan Hushang (1405-1435)
- Ghazni Khan Muhamnmad (1435-1436)
- Mas'ud Khan (1436)
[edit] Khiljis
- Mahmud Shah I (1436-1469)
- Ghiyath Shah (1469-1500)
- Nasr Shah (1500-1511)
- Mahmud Shah II (1511-1531)
Under Gujarat (1531-1535)
[edit] Qadirid
- Qadir Shah (1535-1542)
Under Mughal Empure (1542-1555) (see Mughal Empire)
[edit] Shaja'atid
- Shaja'at Khan (1555)
- Miyan Bayezid Baz Bahadur (1555-1562)
[edit] Bahmani Sultanate (1322-1527)
- Ala ud din Bahman Shah (1347-1358), establishes capital at Gulbarga
- Muhammad Shah I (1358-1375)
- Ala ud din Mujahid Shah (1375-1378)
- Daud Shah I (1378)
- Muhammad Shah II (1378-1397)
- Ghiyas ud din Tahmatan Shah (1397)
- Shams ud din Daud Shah II (1397)
- Taj ud din Feroz Shah (1397-1422)
- Shahab ud din Ahmad Shah I (1422-1435) establishes capital at Bidar
- Ala ud din Ahmad Shah II (1436-1458)
- Ala ud din Humayun Shah (1458-1461)
- Nizam ud din Ahmad Shah III (1461-1463)
- Shams ud din Muhammad Shah III (1463-1482)
- Mahmud Shah (1482-1518)
- Ahmad Shah IV (1518-1521)
- Ala ud din Shah (1521-1522)
- Waliullah Shah (1522-1524)
- Kalimullah Shah (1524-1527)
[edit] Vijayanagara Empire (1336-1660)
[edit] Sangama Dynasty (1336-1487)
- Harihara I (Deva Raya) 1336-1343
- Bukka I (1343-1379)
- Harihara II(1379-1399)
- Bukka II (1399-1406)
- Deva Raya I(1406-1412)
- Vira Vijaya(1412-1419)
- Deva Raya II(1419-1444)
- (Notknown)(1444-1449)
- Mallikarjuna(1452-1465)
- Rajasekhara (1468-1469)
- Virupaksha I(1470-1471)
- Praudha Deva Raya(1476-?)
- Rajasekhara (1479-1480)
- Virupaksha II (1483-1484)
- Rajasekhara (1486-1487)
[edit] Saluva Dynasty (1490-1567)
- Narasimha (1490-1???)
- Narasa (Vira Narasimha) (1???-1509)
- Krishna Deva (1509-1530)
- Achyuta (1530-1542)
- Sadasiva (1542-1567)
[edit] Tuluva Dynasty (1542-1614)
- Rama (1542-1565)
- Tirumala (1565-1567)
- Tirumala (1567-1575)
- Ranga II (1575-1586)
- Venkata I (1586-1614)
[edit] Qutb Shahi Dynasty (1518-1687)
- Sultan Quli Qutbl Mulk (1518 - 1543)
- Jamsheed Quli Qutb Shah (1543 - 1550)
- Subhan Quli Qutb Shah (1550)
- Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah (1550 - 1580)
- Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah (1580 - 1612)
- Sultan Muhammad Qutb Shah (1612 - 1626)
- Abdullah Qutb Shah (1626 - 1672)
- Abul Hasan Qutb Shah (1672 - 1687)
[edit] Mughal Empire (1526-1857)
[edit] Mughal Dynasty (first rule, 1526-1540)
- Zahir ud din Muhammad Babur (1526-1530), descendant of Mongol conqueror Timur, establishes the Mughal Empire (one of the 3 earliest gunpowder empires) after defeating the Delhi Sultanate
- Nasir ud din Muhammad Humayun (1530-1540), temporarily loses his empire to usurper Sher Shah after being defeated by him
[edit] Suri Dynasty (1540-1555)
- Sher Shah (1540-1545), seizes the Mughal Empire after defeating the second Mughal Emperor Humayun
- Islam Shah Suri (1545-1553)
- Adil Shah (1553-1555), loses the empire to the chased Mughal Humayun who defeated and chased him
[edit] Mughal Dynasty (restored, 1555-1857)
- Nasir ud din Muhammad Humayun (1555-1556), restores his empire after defeating Suri-ruler Adil Shah
- Jalal ud din Muhammad Akbar (Akbar the Great) (1556-1605), considered the greatest of all Mughals, unified India ('Hind') under the Mughal Empire
- Nur ud din Muhammad Jahangir (1605-1627), known in legends as Shehzada Salim
- Ghiyasuddin Shah Jahan (1627-1657), built the Taj Mahal, which is often regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the World
- Murad Baksh (1657)
- Shah Shuja (1657-1658)
- Aurangzeb Alamgir (1658-1707), expanded the Mughal Empire to its greatest extent, ruling over most of South Asia and Afghanistan
- Azam Shah (1707)
- Kambaksh (1707)
- Bahadur Shah I (1707-1712)
- Azim ush Shan (1712)
- Jahandar Shah (1712-1713)
- Farrukh Siyar (1713-1719)
- Rafi ud Darajat (1719)
- Rafi ud Daulah (1719)
- Nikusiyar (1719)
- Muhammad Shah (First rule, 1719-1720)
- Mohammed Ibrahim (1720)
- Muhammad Shah (Restored) (1720-1748)
- Ahmad Shah Bahadur (1748-1754)
- Alamgir II (1754-1759)
- Shah Jahan III (1760)
- Shah Alam II (1759-1806)
- Akbar Shah II (1806-1837)
- Bahadur Shah II (1837-1857)
[edit] Maratha Empire (1674-1818)
- Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj (b.1627, coronated 1674, d.1680)
- Chhatrapati Sambhaji (1680-1688), elder son of Shivaji
- Chhatrapati Rajaram (1688-1700), younger son of Shivaji
- Rajmata Tarabai, regent (1700-1707), widow of Chhatrapati Rajaram
- Chhatrapati Shivaji II (b.1796, ruled 1700-14); first of the Kolhapur Chhatrapatis
Empire divided between two branches of the family c.1707-10 AD; division formalized in AD 1731.
[edit] Chhatrapatis at Satara
- Chattrapati Shahu Maharaj (b.1682, r.1707-1749)
- Rajaram II of Satara (b.1749, r.1749-77)
- Shahu II of Satara (r.1777-1810)
- Chhatrapati Pratapsinh of Satara (b.1793, r.1810-39)
State annexed by the British in 1839
[edit] Chhatrapatis at Kolhapur
- Chhatrapati Shivaji II (b.1796, ruled 1700-14)
- Sambhaji II of Kolhapur (b.1698, r.1714-60)
- Rajmata Jijibai, regent (1760-73), senior widow of Sambhaji II
- Rajmata Durgabai, regent (1773-79), junior widow of Sambhaji II
- Shahu Shivaji II of Kolhapur (r.1762-1813); adopted by Jijibai, his predecessor's senior widow
- Sambhaji III of Kolhapur (b.1801, r.1813-21)
- Shivaji III of Kolhapur (b.1816, r.1821-22) (council of regency)
- Shahaji I of Kolhapur (b.1802, r.1822-38)
- Shivaji IV of Kolhapur (b.1830, r.1838-66)
- Rajaram I of Kolhapur (r.1866-70)
- Council of regency (1870-94)
- Shivaji V of Kolhapur (b.1863, r.1871-83); adopted by his predecessor's widow
- Rajarshi Shahu IV of Kolhapur (b.1874, r.1884-1922); adopted by his predecessor's widow
- Rajaram II of Kolhapur (b.1897 r.1922-40)
- Indumati Tarabai of Kolhapur, regent (1940-47), widow of Rajaram II
- Shivaji VI of Kolhapur (b.1941, r.1941-46); adopted by his predecessor's widow
- Shahaji II of Kolhapur (b.1910, r.1947-47, d.1983); formerly Maharaja of Dewas Senior; adopted by Indumati Tarabai, widow of Rajaram II
State acceded unto the dominion of India following the independence of India in 1947.
[edit] The Peshwas
Technically they weren't monarchs, but hereditary prime ministers, though in fact they ruled in stead of the Maharaja, and were hegemon of the mahratta confederation
- Balaji Vishwanath (1713-2april 1720) (b.1660, d. 2april 1720)
- Peshwa Bajirao I (17 April 1720-28 April 1740) (b.18 aug.1700, d. 28 April 1740)
- Balaji Bajirao (4 July 1740-23 June 1761) (b.8 dec.1721, d. 23 jun.1761)
- Madhavrao Ballal (1761-18 nov.1772) (b.16 feb.1745, d. 18 nob.1772)
- Narayanrao Bajirao (13 dec.1772-30 aug.1773) (b.10 aug.1755, d. 30 aug.1773)
- Raghunath Rao Bajirao (5 dec.1773-1774) (b.18 aug.1734, d. 11 dec.1783)
- Sawai Madhavrao (1774-27 oct.1795) (b.18 April 1774, d. 27 oct.1795)
- Baji Rao II (6 dec.1796-3 June 1818) (d. 28 jan.1851)
- Nana Sahib (1 July 1857-1858) (b.19 May 1825, d. 24 sep.1859)
[edit] Maharajas of Thanjavur
Descended from a brother of Shivaji; ruled independently and had no formal relationship with the Maratha Empire.
- Venkojirao Bhonsle of Thanjavur a.k.a. Ekoji I (b.1630, r.1676-84)
- Shahajirao Bhonsle of Thanjavur (b.1672, r.1684-1712)
- Serfojirao I of Thanjavur (b.1679, r.1712-1729)
- Tukojirao Bhonsle of Thanjavur (b.1677, r.1729-1736)
- Venkoji II of Thanjavur a.k.a. Ekoji II (b.1694, r.1636-1737)
- Pratapasimha Bhonsle of Thanjavur (r.1737-63)
- Tulojirao Bhonsle of Thanjavur (b.1738, r.1763-87), elder son of Pratapasimha
- Serfoji II of Thanjavur (r.1787-93 & 1798-99, d.1832); adoptive son of Tuloji Bhonsle
- Ramaswami Amarasimha Bhonsle (r.1793-98); younger son of Pratapasimha
State was annexed by the British in 1799
[edit] Holkar Maharajas Rulers of Indore
- Malharrao Holkar (I) (r. 2 November 1731 - 19 May 1766)
- Malerao Khanderao Holkar (r. 23 August 1766 - 5 April 1767)
- Punyaslok Rajmata Ahilyadevi Holkar (as a regent) (r. 5 April 1767 - 13 August 1795)
- Tukojirao Holkar (I) (r. 13 August 1795 - 29 January 1797)
- Kashirao Tukojirao Holkar(r. 29 January 1797 - 1798)
- Yashwantrao Holkar (I) (r. 1798 - 27.11.1811)
- Malharrao Yashwantrao Holkar (III) (r. November 1811 - 27 October 1833)
- Martandrao Malharrao Holkar (r. 17 January 1834 - 2 February 1834)
- Harirao Vitthojirao Holkar (r. 17 April 1834 - 24 October 1843)
- Khanderao Harirao Holkar (r. 13 November 1843 - 17 February 1844)
- Tukojirao Gandharebhau Holkar (II) (r. 27 June 1844 - 17 June 1886)
- Shivajirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 17 June 1886 - 31 January 1903)
- Tukojirao Shivajirao Holkar (III) (r. 31 January 1903 - 26 February 1926)
- Yashwantrao Holkar (II) (r. 26 February 1926 - 1961)
- Usha Devi Maharaj Sahiba Holkar XV Bahadur, Maharani of Indore (r. 1961 - present)
Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India.
[edit] Scindia Rulers of Gwalior
- Ranojirao Scindia, Patil of Kanherkheda near Satara
- Jayappa Scindia, (d.1755) established rule over much of north India
- Janakappa I Scindia, (r.1755-1761)
- Interregnum
- Mahadji Shinde (r.1768-94)
- Daulatrao Scindia, (r.1794-1827)
- Janakappa II Scindia, (b.1805, r.1827-43) adopted by his predecessor's widow
- Jayajirao Scindia (b.1835, r.1843-66)
- Madhavrao Scindia II (b.1876, r.1886-1925)
- Jivajirao Scindia (b.1916, r.1925-47, d.1961)
Following the independence of India in 1947, the state acceded unto the Dominion of India.
[edit] The major Muslim vassals of the Mughal/British Paramountcy (1707-1856)
[edit] Nawabs of Bengal (1707-1770)
- Murshid Quli Jafar Khan (1707-1727)
- Siraj ud din (1727-1739)
- Sarfraz Khan (1739-1740)
- Alivardi Khan (1740-1756)
- Siraj Ud Daulah (1756-1757)
- Mir Jafar (1757-1760)
- Mir Qasim (1760-1763)
- Mir Jafar (1763-1765)
- Najm ud Daulah (1765-1766)
- Saif ud Daulah (1766-1770)
[edit] Nawabs of Awadh/Oudh (1719-1858)
- Saadat Khan (1719-1737)
- Safdar Jang (1737-1753)
- Shuja-ud-Daula (1753-1775)
- Asaf-Ud-Daula (1775-1797)
- Wazir Ali Khan(1797-1798)
- Saadat Ali Khan (1798-1814)
- Ghaziuddin Haider (1814-1827)
- Nasiruddin Haider (1827-1837)
- Muhammad Ali Shah (1837-1842)
- Amjad Ali Shah (1842-1847)
- Wajid Ali Shah (1847-1856)
- Birjis Qadra (1856-1858)
[edit] Nizams of Hyderabad (1720-1948)
- Mir Qamaruddin Khan, Nizal ul Mulk, Asif Jah I (1720-1748)
- Mir Ahmed Ali Khan Nasir Jang Nazam-ud-Dowlah (1748-1750)
- Nawab Hidayat Mohuddin Sa'adu'llah Khan Bahadur, Muzaffar Jang (1750-1751)
- Nawab Syed Mohammed Khan, Amir ul Mulk, Salabat Jang (1751-1762)
- Nawab Mir Nizam Ali Khan Bahadur, Nizam ul Mulk, Asif Jah II (1762-1803)
- Nawab Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikandar Jah, Asif Jah III (1803-1829)
- Nawab Mir Farkhonda Ali Khan Nasir-ud-Daulah, Asif Jah IV (1829-1857)
- Nawab Mir Tahniat Ali Khan Afzal ud Daulah, Asif Jah V (1857-1869)
- Nawab Mir Mahboob Ali Khan, Asif Jah VI (1869-1911)
- Nawab Mir Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII (1911-1948)
[edit] Rulers of Mysore/Khudadad (1399-1950)
[edit] Wodeyar Dynasty (First rule, 1399-1782)
- Yaduraya (1399–1423)
- Hiriya Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar I (1423–1459)
- Thimmaraja Wodeyar I (1459–1478)
- Hiriya Chamaraja Wodeyar II (1478–1513)
- Hiriya bettada Chamaraja III Wodeyar (1513–1553)
- Thimmaraja Wodeyar II (1553–1572)
- Bola Chamaraja Wodeyar IV (1572–1576)
- Bettada Devaraja Wodeyar (1576–1578)
- Raja Wodeyar I (1578–1617)
- Chamaraja Wodeyar V (1617–1637).
- Raja II Wodeyar (1637–1638)
- (Ranadhira) Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar I (1638–1659)
- Dodda Devaraja Wodeyar (1659–1673)
- Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar (1673–1704)
- Kantheerava Narasaraja Wodeyar II (1704–1714)
- Dodda Krishnaraja Wodeyar (1714–1732)
- Chamaraja Wodeyar VI (1732–1734)
- (Immadi) Krishnaraja II Wodeyar (1734–1766)
- Nanajaraja Wodeyar (1766–1770)
- Bettada Chamaraja Wodeyar VII(1770–1776)
- Khasa Chamaraja Wodeyar VIII (1766–1782), he was still king while Hyder Ali was the ruler of Mysore
Reign of the Kings of Mysore (Wodeyar line) is interrupted by the reigns of Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan.
[edit] Islamic Rulers of Mysore (1766-1799)
- Hyder Ali (1766-1782), Muslim commander deposing the Hindu Maharaja, fought the British and Nizams of Hyderabad in the first 2 Anglo-Mysore Wars
- Tipu Sultan (Tiger of Mysore) (1782-1799), son of Hyder Ali, considered the greatest ruler of Mysore, assumed the novel style Badshah bahadur of Khudadad (thus claiming the paramountcy of India instead of the Mughal 'mere' Badhshah), fought the British, Marathas and Nizams of Hyderabad in the 4 Anglo-Mysore Wars (where he invented iron rockets), allied to the French, and lost everything
[edit] Wodeyar Dynasty (Restored) (1799-1950)
- (Mummudi) Krishnaraja III Wodeyar (1799 - 1868)
- Chamaraja Wodeyar IX (1868 - 1894)
- H.H. Vani Vilas Sannidhana, queen of Chamaraja Wodeyar IX served as regent from 1894 to 1902
- (Nalvadi) Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV (1894 - 1940)
- Jayachamaraja Wodeyar Bahadur (1940 - 1950)
[edit] Sikh Empire (1801-1849)
- Maharaja Ranjit Singh (b.1780, Coronated April 12, 1801, d.1839)
- Kharak Singh (b.1801, d.1840), Eldest son of Ranjit Singh.
- Nau Nihal Singh (b.1821, d.1840), Grandson of Ranjit Singh.
- Sher Singh (b.1807, d.1843), Son of Ranjit Singh.
- Duleep Singh (b.1838, Coronated 1843, d.1893), Youngest son of Ranjit Singh.
The British Empire annexed Punjab in c.1845-49 AD; after two Anglo Sikh Wars
[edit] Maharaja of Cochin (Perumpadapu Swaroopam 1503 - 1964)
Veerakerala Varma nephew of Cheraman Perumal is supposed to be the first king of Cochin (This was around 7th Century AD). But the only record we have is from 1503 AD.
- Unniraman Koyikal I (---- to 1503)
- Unniraman Koyikal II (1503 to 1537)
- Veera Kerala Varma (1537-1565)
- Keshava Rama Varma (1565-1601)
- Veera Kerala Varma (1601-1615)
- Ravi Varma (1615-1624)
- Veera Kerala Varma (1624-1637)
- Godavarma (1637-1645)
- Veerarayira Varma (1645-1646)
- Veera Kerala Varma (1646-1650)
- Rama Varma (1650-1656).
- Rani Gangadharalakshmi (1656-1658).
- Rama Varma (1658-1662).
- Goda Varma (1662-1663)
- Veera Kerala Varma(1663-1687)
- Rama Varma (1687-1693)
- Ravi Varma (1693-1697)
- Rama Varma (1697-1701)
- Rama Varma (1701-1721)
- Ravi Varma (1721-1731)
- Rama Varma (1731-1746)
- Veera Kerala Varma (1746-1749)
- Rama Varma (1749-1760)
- Veera Kerala Varma (1760-1775)
- Rama Varma (1775-1790)
- Rama Varma (1790-1805)- SHAKTHAN THAMPURAN
- Rama Varma (1805-1809)- Vellarapalli-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Vellarapali")
- Veera Kerala Varma (1809-1828) - Karkidaka Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "karkidaka" month(ME))
- Rama Varma (1828-1837) - Thulam-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Thulam" month (ME))
- Rama Varma (1837-1844) - Edava-Maasathil Theepett1a Thampuran (King who died in "Edavam" month (ME))
- Rama Varma (1844-1851) - Thrishur-il Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Thrishivaperoor" or Thrishur)
- Veera Kerala Varma (1851-1853) - Kashi-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Kashi" or Varanasi)
- Ravi Varma(1853-1864) - Makara Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Makaram" month (ME))
- Rama Varma(1864-1888) - Mithuna Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Mithunam" month (ME))
- Kerala Varma(1888-1895) - Chingam Maasathil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chingam" month (ME))
- Rama Varma(1895-1914) - aka Rajarshi, Abdicated Highness (Left for heavenly abode in 1932)
- Rama Varma(1914-1932) - Madrasil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in Madras or Chennai)
- Rama Varma(1932-1941) - Dhaarmika Chakravarthi (King of Dharma), Chowara-yil Theepetta Thampuran (King who died in "Chowara")
- Kerala Varma (1941-1943) - Midukkan (syn: Smart, expert, great.) Thampuran
- Ravi Varma(1943-1946) - Kunjappan Thampuran (Brother of Midukkan Thampuran)
- Kerala Varma(1946-1948) - Ikya-Keralam (Unified Kerala) Thampuran
- Rama Varma (1948-1964) - Pareekshit Thampuran
ME - Malayalam Era
[edit] British Emperors of India (1877-1947)
- Queen-Empress Victoria (1877-1901)
- King-Emperor Edward VII (1901-1910)
- King-Emperor George V (1910-1936)
- King-Emperor Edward VIII (Jan-Dec 1936)
- King-Emperor George VI (1936-1947)
[edit] Kings of India and Pakistan
After independence, but before declarations of republics:
- George VI, King of India (1947-1950) and King of Pakistan (1947-1952)
- Elizabeth II, Queen of Pakistan (1952-1956)
[edit] See also
- History of South Asia
- History of India
- Middle kingdoms of India
- List of Mauryan emperors
- List of Mughal emperors
- Sikh Empire
- List of Indian Princely states
- Rulers of Malwa
- Emperor, Emperor of India, Paramount ruler
- Nawab, Nizam, Padishah, Shah, Sultan
- Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Punjab.
- Governor General of India
