House of Czartoryski
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Czartoryski (Polish plural Czartoryscy) is the surname of a Polish-Lithuanian magnate family also known as the Familia. They used the Czartoryski Coat of arms and were the leading noble family of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 18th century.
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[edit] History
The Czartoryski is a family of a Grand Ducal Lithuanian descent. Their ancestor is the Grand Duke of Lithuania Algirdas's son, known after his baptismal name Constantine, who became a Prince of Czartorysk in Volhynia. His son Vasili Konstantinovich is considered a progenitor of the Czartoryski family.
It was his descendant Prince Kazimierz Czatroryski (1674-1741) Duke of Klewan and Zukow, Castellan of Wilnow who reawakened their royal ambitions at the end of the 17th century. An intelligent, well educated man[citation needed], he married Isabella Morsztyn daughter of the Grand Treasurer of Poland and with their four children built "The Familia" with their four children, Michał, August, Teodor and Konstancja. The family became known and powerful under the lead of brothers Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski and August Aleksander Czartoryski in the late Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth of the 18th century, during the reigns of monarchs Augustus II the Strong and Stanisław Leszczyński. The family attained the height of its influence from the mid-18th century in the court of August III Wettin. The Czartoryski brothers gained a very powerful ally in their brother-in-law, Stanisław Poniatowski, whose son became the last king of independent Commonwealth, Stanisław August Poniatowski, near the end of the century.
The Czartoryski's Familia have seen the decline of the Commonwealth and the rise of anarchy and joined to camp which was determined to press ahead with the reforms, thus they sought the enactment of such constitutional reforms as the abolition of the liberum veto.
Although the family estate at Puławy was confiscated by Russian Empire in 1794, during the third partition of Poland, the Familia continued to wield significant cultural power for decades after, notably through the princes Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski and Adam Jerzy Czartoryski.
[edit] Coat of Arms and Motto
The Czartoryski family used the "Czartoryski" arms and their motto was: Bądź co bądź (Let it be what has to be). The coat of arms is a modification of Vytis/Pahonia coat - the traditional Gediminids (Gediminaičiai) coat that is the official Coat of Arms of the Republic of Lithuania and a traditional symbol of Belarus.
[edit] Notable members
Notable members include:
- Adam Jerzy Czartoryski (1770-1861)
- Adam Karol Czartoryski (b. 1940)
- Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski (1734-1823)
- Adam Ludwik Czartoryski (1872-1937)
- August Aleksander Czartoryski (1697-1782)
- Augustyn Józef Czartoryski (1907-1946)
- Beatified August Czartoryski (1858-1893)
- Beatified Jan Franciszek Czartoryski (1897-1944)
- Jerzy Konstanty Czartoryski (1828-1912)
- Kazimierz Czartoryski (1674-1741)
- Konstanty Adam Czartoryski (1773-1860)
- Michał Fryderyk Czartoryski (1696-1775)
- Professor Pawel Czartoryski (1924-1999)
- Piotr Michał Czartoryski (1908-1993)
- Roman Jacek Czartoryski (1898-1958)
- Witold Czartoryski (1824-1865)
- Witold Leon Czartoryski (1864-1945)
- Władysław (Ladislaus) Czartoryski (1828-1894)
