ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ

From Wikipedia

Eucalyptus ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎾᎾᎢ ᎦᏥᏄᎳ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏪᏴ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎧᎸᎬ Gippsland, ᎤᏍᏗ ᏓᏆᎴᎷ, Australia. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ Eucalyptus albens (ᎤᏁᎬ ᎧᏁᏌᎢ)

ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ softwoods ( conifer ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ) ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ Sierra Nevada ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎢᏗᏢ California

decidous broadleaf (Beech) ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Slovenia.

coniferous (ᏃᏥ) ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ

ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎾᎿ San Juan ᎠᎽᏰᎵ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ Washington.

ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᏡᎬ(ᎠᎴ, ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ, ᎦᏅᏙᎬ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎤᏤᎵᏛ ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᎠᏂᏃᎯᎵᏙᎲ). ᎤᏙᎯᏳᎯᏯ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏩᏎᏍᏗ ᎾᎿ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏗ ^[1]. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ ᎦᎪᏘ ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎫᏢᏗ ᎡᏆ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ ᎯᎠ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎢᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏯᎾᏛᏁᏗ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᎦᏔ ᏅᏓᏳᏓᎴᏅ ᏬᏗᎨ dioxide ᎡᎳᏗ ᎢᎦᎵᏍᏙᏗ, gantlai ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ, hydrologic ᎠᏕᏴᎠᏍᎬ modulator, ᎠᎴ ᎦᏙᎯ conservers, ᎪᏪᎳᏅ ᎠᎪᎵᏰᏗ ᏌᏊ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎤᎵᏍᎨᏛ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎯᎠ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎤᏤᎵ biosphere.

ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏂᎦᏛ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎠᎨᎳᏍᏗ ᏡᎬ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ, ᎾᎾᎢ ᏂᎦᏛᎢ ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᏡᎬ-ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏩᏒ ᎭᏢᏃ ᏂᎬᏩᏍᏛ ᎠᏥᎸ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏙᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎦᏟᏐᏗᎩ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ, ᎠᎴ ᎭᏢᏃ ᎯᎠ ᏄᏍᏗᏓᏅ ᎤᎭ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᏄᎵᏍᎨᏗᏴᎾ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏂᎬᏩᏍᏛ processes ᎠᎴ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏴᏫ activities. ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏙᏗ, ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ dominated ᎾᎥᎢ angiosperms (broadleaf ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ) ᎠᎴ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ-ᎤᏪᎾᎢ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ dominated ᎾᎥᎢ gymnosperms (conifer ᎠᎴ needleleaf ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ), ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏓ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏗ (ᎾᏍᎩᎾᎢ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ, ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ-ᎤᏲᎢᏳᏛᎾᎮᏕᎩ aspen ᎠᎴ ᎣᏍᏛᏗᏍᏗ ᏓᏂᏙᎦ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏴᏢ ᎢᏗᏢ ᎤᏜᏅᏛ). ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᏱᏓᏟᎶᏍᏔᏅ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏒ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᏡᎬ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ (ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎦᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ), ᎠᎴ ᏗᎦᏃᏢᎩ ᎦᏲᎵ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎦᏬᎯᎸᏙᏗ ᎡᏆ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ (e.g., taiga ᎠᎴ ᎠᏤᏫᏍᎬ montane coniferous ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ). ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎣᏪᏅᏒ ᎤᎪᏗᏗ gantlai ᎠᎴ ᎦᎪᏘ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ, ᎠᎴ biomass ᎾᏍᎩ ᎢᎬᏂᏏᏍᎩ ᏌᏊᎭ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎦᎸᎳᏗ ᎤᏠᏱᎭᎢ ᏐᎢ ᎢᏴ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ. ᎤᏣᏘ ᎪᎯ biomass ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎡᎳᏗᏢ-ᎦᏙᎯ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎾᏍᏕᏢ iyahdvnelidasdi ᎠᎴ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏛᏍᏗ ᏗᎫᎪᏙᏗ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎦᎪᏘ ᎢᎦᏛ. ᎯᎠ ᎦᎪᏘ ᏑᏓᎴᎩ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎨᏐ lignin, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏗᎦᏃᏢᎩ ᎤᏍᎦᏃᎳ ᏗᎫᎪᏙᏗ ᎢᎬᏁᏗ ᎤᏠᏱᎭᎢ ᎬᏙᏗ ᏐᎢ ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᏭᏚᎸᏛ ᏗᎬᏙᏗ ᏯᏛᎿ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ cellulose ᎠᎴ carbohydrate.

ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎠᎴ differentiated ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ woodlandᎾᎥᎢ ᎯᎠ ᏫᎬᏍᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ coverage: ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎯᎠ ᏚᏩᏂᎦᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎧᏁᏍᎦ ᏧᏓᎴᎿᎢ ᏕᏡᎬ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᏗᏠᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ interlock, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᎿᎢ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᏍᏆᎵᏍᏗ ᏧᏓᎴᎾᎯ ᏂᏕᎬᎢ ᎭᏫᏂᏗᏢ ᎡᏍᎦᏂ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ. woodland ᎤᎭ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎠᏍᏚᎢᏛ ᎠᏰᎵ, ᎬᏙᏗ ᏕᏡᎬ spaced ᎤᏗᏗᏢ ᏧᎦᎴᏅᏓ, ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ sunlight ᎠᏴᏍᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎠᏂ (ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᏂᎬᏅ).

ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏂᏯᏩᏍᎩ ᏄᎬᏫᏳᏒ forested biomes ᎠᎴ:

• ᎠᎦᏍᎬ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ (ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎴ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ)
• taiga
• ᎡᎷᏪᎢ hardwood ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ
• ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎤᎧᏲᏗ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ

[edit] ᏗᏓᎴᎾᏔᏅ ᏗᎦᏘᏌᏅᎩ

ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ classified ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᏫᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᏗᎦᏘ specificity. ᏌᏊ ᏯᏛᎿ ᎦᎶᎯᏍᏗ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᏓᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎯᎠ biome ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏙ ᎤᏍᏗ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎬᏂᎨᏒ ᏄᏍᏗ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎤᎦᎶᎬ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏓᏛᏂᏌᏁᎲ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ (ᎢᏳᏃ ᎤᏅᏌ ᎠᎴ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎠᎴ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ). ᏄᏓᎴ ᎤᎾᏤᎵᏛ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏃ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎠᏒᎾᏍᏗᏱ ᎾᏓᏛᏂᏌᏁᎲ broadleaf ᏕᏡᎬ, coniferous (ᏴᎩ-leaved) ᏕᏡᎬ, ᎠᎴ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ.

• ᏗᎦᏘᎸᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨᎠᎦᏁᎸ ᎯᎠ subarctic ᎡᎶᎯ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᎠᎴ ᎠᎴ ᏂᎦᎥᏊ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎠᎴ coniferous.
• ᎡᎷᏪᎢ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ ᎢᏧᎳ broadleaf ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ (e.g., ᎡᎷᏪᎢ ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ) ᎠᎴ ᎦᏌᏆᎸ coniferous ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ (e.g., ᎡᎷᏪᎢ coniferous ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎠᎴ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ rainforest). ᎤᎦᎾᏩ ᎡᎷᏪᎢ ᎡᎶᎯ ᎠᏍᏓᏅᏅ ᎠᎵᏍᏕᎸᏗ broadleaf ᎦᏌᏆᎸ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᎠᎧᏁᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ.

• ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎴ subtropical ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏛ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ rainforest, ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎴ subtropical ᎦᏚᎵᏓ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ, ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎴ subtropical ᎤᎧᏲᏗ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ, ᎠᎴ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎴ subtropical coniferous ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ.

• ᎢᎬᏱᏗᏢ classifies ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎤᎾᏤᎵ overall ᏄᎵᏂᎬᎬ ᎠᏛᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ developmental ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ ᎠᏲᏓᏜᎥ (e.g. ᎠᎦᏴᎵ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ vs. ᏔᎵᏁ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ).

• ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ classified ᎤᏟ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎧᎵ ᏗᎪᎥᎯ ᏚᎳᏏᏔᏅᎩ ᎾᎿ ᎯᎠ ᎾᏓᏛᏂᏌᏁᎲ ᏡᎬ ᎢᏧᎳᎭ ᏗᏂᏱᎴᎩ ᎡᏙᎠ, ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎤᏂᎪᏗᏗ ᏄᏓᎴᎿᎥ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎢᏗᎦᎪᏘ (e.g., ponderosa ᏃᏥ/Douglas-ᎢᏤ ᎠᏓ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ).

[edit] ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᎵᏙᎲ

ᎯᎠ ᎠᏏᎾᏍᏛ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎨᏒᎢ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᎯ, ᎾᎯᏳᎢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᎵᏙᎲ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎨᏒᎢ ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᏩᏎᎸᎯ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ forestry, ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎵᏍᏛ sustainable resource ᎤᏲᏨᎯ. ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ecologists ᎤᏓᏂᏝᏅ ᎾᎿ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᏧᎾᏟᎶᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎴ processes, ᎤᏠᏱᎭ ᎬᏙᏗ ᎯᎠ ᎠᎵᏐᏍᏛ elucidating ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎠᎴ ᎢᏳᎵᏍᏙᏗ ᎠᎾᎵᏐᏈᎸᏍᎬ. Foresters ᎢᏳᏓᎵᎭ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎾᎿ ᎠᏓ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᎠᎴ silviculture, ᎠᏠᏯᏍᏗᏍᎩ ᏡᎬ ᎠᏤᎯᏐᏗᏱ ᎠᎴ ᎤᏛᏏᏗᏒ processes.

ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎾᏍᏋ ᎠᏲᎶᎬ ᎯᎳᎪ ᎢᏳ logging, ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎠᏥᎸ, ᏧᏄᏦᏍᏔ ᎠᎦᏍᎬ, herbivores, ᎠᎴ ᎥᏳᎩ, ᏄᎾᏛᏅ ᏐᎢ ᏧᏓᎴᏅᏓ, ᏂᎬᏂᏏᏍᎬ ᎤᏲᏨᎯ ᏕᏡᎬ. ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ, ᎤᎪᏗᏗ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎤᎭ ᎧᏃᎮᏍᎩ ᏄᎵᏍᏔᏅ ᏭᏪᏙᎢ ᎦᎸᏉᏔᏅ ᎾᎥᎢ ᎠᏂᏴᏫ ᎢᎦᏛ ᎢᎦᎢ ᎢᎦᏘ, ᎤᏁᎳᎩ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏊ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎾᏞᎬ ᏧᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎪᏢᎯᏌᏅ forestry ᎠᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏙᏗ ᎤᎭ ᎤᎵᏍᏕᎸᎲᎩ ᎪᏢᎯᏐᏗ ᎠᎴ ᏄᎶᏒᏍᏛᎾ ᎡᏆ ᏗᎦᏛᏗ ᎠᎴ ᎤᎶᏒᏍᏔᏅᎯ ᏓᏓᏛᎾᏍᏗᏍᎬ. ᏱᏂᎬᏛᎾ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᎭ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎾᏛᏁᎸ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏗ Ꮎ ᏂᎦᎥᎢ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏓ ᎬᏩᏚᏫᏛ 1.5 ᎢᏳᏆᏗᏅᏓ ᎢᏧᏟᎶᏛ (6,000 km²) ᎯᎠ nation’s 750 ᎢᏳᏆᏗᏅᏓ ᎢᏧᏟᎶᏛ (3,000,000 km²) forestland ᎨᏒᎢ ᎤᎴᎾᎯᏛ ᎦᏁᎸ ᏂᎦᏅᎯᏒ ᎠᎴ ᏚᏙᎳᏩᏛᎲ. ᎾᏍᎩ ᎨᏒᎢ utugi uwasv Ꮎ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎤᏩᏒ ᏫᎵ ᎤᏓᏲᎱᏎᏗ 20 25 ᎢᏳᏆᏗᏅᏓ ᎢᏧᏟᎶᏛ (80,000 100,000 km²) ᏚᏙᎳᏩᏛᎲ.

[edit] ᏓᏓᏚᎬ ᎪᏪᎵ

1. ↑ Lund, H. Gyde (coord.) 2006. ‘Definitions ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ, Deforestation, Afforestation, ᎠᎴ Reforestation'. Gainesville, VA: ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎠᏓᏃᎯᏎᏗ ᎾᎾᏛᏁᎲ. ᏰᎵ ᎠᏩᏛᏗ ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ : http://ᎣᏪᏅᏒ.comcast.ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏢ ᏚᎵᎬᏩᎳᏅ/~gyde/DEFpaper.htm

[edit] ᏫᏓᏎᎸᎢ

• 2006-01-13, Sciencedaily: Deep-rooted Plants Have Much Greater Impact On Climate Than Experts Thought Citat: "...ᎯᎠ ᎠᎫᎩᏍᏗ ᎤᎾᏍᏕᏢᏫᏓᏲᎯᏍᏗ rainwater ᏂᏛᎴᏅᏓ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏚᎢ ᎥᏓᎵ ᎠᏍᏛᎩ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᎴ redistribute ᎠᎹ...ᎧᏁᏉᎠ photosynthesis ᎠᎴ ᎯᎠ ᏙᎢ ᎠᎹ...ᎾᎥᎢ 40% ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎧᏲᏗ ᎢᏳ ᎤᏕᏘᏴᏌᏗᏒ...ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏚᎵᏓ ᎢᏳ ᎤᏕᏘᏴᏌᏗᏒ, ᎾᏍᎩ ᎯᎠ digakohidi ᏰᎵᏇ ᎠᏓᎾᏅ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎤᏣᏘ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ 10% ᎯᎠ ᎾᏕᏘᏴᎯᏒ ᏑᎾᎴᎢ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ ᎠᏍᏛᎩ ᏥᏄᏍᏗ 13 ᎠᏎᎯᎯ (43 ᏧᎾᎳᏏᏕᎾ) ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏙᎯ, ᎾᏍᏋ tapped ᎾᎯᏳᎨᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎤᎧᏲᏗ ᎢᏯᏅᏓ...ᏡᎬ ᎠᎲᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᎠᏥᏅᏏᏓᏍᏗ ᏧᎸᏫᏍᏓᏁᏗ ᎾᏍᎩᏯᎢ ᏗᏂᏤᎷᎯᏍᎩ ᎠᎵᏍᎪᎸᏙᏗ ᎠᎹ ᏗᏓᏁᏟᏴᏍᏗ yvwatuwidv ᎤᏣᏘ ᎦᏣᏄᎳᎯᎨ ᎬᎾᏬᏍᎬ ᎾᏍᎩ ᏰᎵᏇ ᎢᏳᏃ ᏰᎵ ᎢᏳᏍᏗ ᎧᏃᎮᏗ ᏗᎬᏩᎶᏒ ᎯᎠ ᎦᏙᎯ..."

[edit] ᎠᎪᏩᏛᏗ ᎾᏍᎩ ᎾᏍᏇ

ᏂᎦᎥ

• Biosphere
• Ecological ᎠᏍᏓᏩᏗᏒ
• ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᏧᎾᏕᎶᏆᏍᏗ
• ᏓᎧᏁᎲ (terrain)
• ᎦᎪᏘ
• ᎦᎷᎯᏍᏗ
• ᎠᏓᎴᏂᏍᎬ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ
• Rainforest
• ᎠᏥᎸᏉᏗ ᏴᏫ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ
• ᎡᎷᏪᎢ broadleaf ᎠᎴ ᎦᏟᏌᏅ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ
• ᎡᎷᏪᎢ coniferous ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ
• ᏡᎬ
• ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎴ subtropical coniferous ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ
• ᎤᎦᎾᏭ ᎠᎴ subtropical ᎦᏚᎵᏓ broadleaf ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ
• ᎢᏴ ᎠᏂᏙᎾᎥ

Activities ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎠᎾᏓᏛᏂ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ

• Controlled ᎦᎴᏴᏒ
• Deforestation
• ᎢᏤ ᎠᏓ ᏓᏍᏟᏁᎦ
• Logging ᎠᎴ ᏚᏳᎪᏛ ᎢᏯᏛᏁᎸ ᏂᎨᏒᎾ logging
• Reforestation
• ᎠᏓᏁᎳᏅᎯ ᏗᎦᎶᎪᏗ
• Sustainable ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎠᏓᏅᏖᎵᏙᎲ

ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎾᎥᎢ ᏙᏱᏗᏢ ᎦᏚᎲ

• ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ Sweden
• ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎯᎠ ᎠᏫᏒᏗ ᎠᏰᎵ ᎤᎾᏙᏢᏒ
• Ꭴ.. ᎬᎾᏕᎾ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ

ᏠᎨᏏ

• ᏙᎪᏩᎸ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ
• ᏙᎪᏩᎸ ᏕᏡᎬ ᎭᏫᎾᏗᏢ ᎦᏁᎳ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ
• ᏙᎪᏩᎸ Ꭴ.. ᎤᏔᏂᏗ ᎦᏙᎯ ᎠᏙᎯ ᎢᎾᎨ

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