गिरिजा प्रसाद कोइराला
नेपाली विकिपीडियाबाट
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गिरिजा प्रसाद कोईराला (जन्म १९२१) नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री हुनुहुन्छ। उहाँ हालसम्म चार पटक नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री भईसक्नु भएको छ - १९९१ देखि १९९४, १९९८ देखि १९९९, २००० देखि २००१, र २००६ देखि हाल बहाल रहनु भएको छ। उहाँ सन् १९५९ पछिको पहिलो जननिर्वाचित प्रधानमन्त्री हुनु भएको थियो। त्यति बेला उहाँका दाजु विश्वेश्वर प्रसाद कोइराला र उहाँको राजनैतीक पार्टी नेपाली कङ्ग्रेसले नेपालको प्रथम लोकतान्त्रिक चुनाबमा अत्याधिक बहुमत ल्याएको थियो। उहाँ नेपाली कङ्ग्रेसका सभापति र सात राजनैतीक दलहरूको मोर्चाको नेता हुनुहुन्छ। उहाँ ६० वर्षभन्दा धेरै समय देखि राजनीतिमा संलग्न हुनुहुन्छ। उहाँले आफ्नो राजनैतीक जीवनको सुरुवात, आफ्नो गृहनगर वीराटनगरको जुटमिलका मजदूर नेताको रूपामा सुरु गर्नु भएको थियो।
विषयसूची |
[परिवर्तन्] परिवार र सुरूवाती जीवन
गिरिजा प्रसाद कोइराला भारतको बिहारको सहरसा जिल्लाको तादी भन्ने ठाउँमा सन् १९२१ मा जन्मेका थिए। [1] त्यसबेला यीनका बुबा-आमा निर्वासित जीवन विताइरहेका थिए। गिरिजा कृष्ण प्रसाद कोइराला तथा दिव्या कोइरालाका कान्छा छोरा हुन्। उनका दुई दाजूहरू वि.पी. कोइराला तथा मातृका प्रसाद कोइराला नेपालका प्रधानमन्त्री भएका थिए। सन् १९२९ मा परिवार सँगै नेपाल फर्केका गिरिजाले सुषमा कोइरालासित विवाह गरे। सुजाता कोइराला गिरिजा प्रसादकी छोरी हुन्। उनले भारतको Delhi University अन्तरगतको Kirori Mal College मा अध्ययन गरेका थिए।
[परिवर्तन्] राजनैतीक जीवन
In 1948 Koirala founded the Nepal Mazdoor Congress, later known as the Nepal Trade Union Congress. In 1952 he became the President of the Morang district नेपाली Congress र held that office till he was arrested र imprisoned by King Mahendra following the 1960 royal coup. Upon उनका release in 1967, Girija Prasad Koirala, along with other leaders र workers of the party, was exiled in India until उनका return to Nepal in 1979. Koirala was General Secretary of the नेपाली Congress Party from 1975 to 1991.[2] Mr Koirala was actively involved in the 1990 Jana Andolan which led to the overthrow of the Panchayat system र the introduction of a multi-party policy in the country.
[परिवर्तन्] प्रथम कार्यकाल (२६ मे १९९१ - ३० नोभेम्बर १९९४)
He was elected Member of Parliament in 1991 in Nepal's first multi-party democratic elections following the Jana Aandolan from the Morang-1 र Sunsari-5 constituencies. The नेपाली Congress won 110 of the 205 seats in the Pratinidhi Sabha, the lower house of parliament. He was subsequently elected the leader of the नेपाली Congress parliamentary party र appointed Prime मन्त्री by King Birendra.
During उनका first term, parliament inacted legislation to liberalize the education, media र health sectors of the country. The सरकार founded the Purwanchal University र the BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS) in the Eastern Development region र granted licenses to the private sector to run medical र engineering colleges in various parts of the country. The सरकार also undertook the construction of the BP Memorial Cancer hospital भरतपुरमा with assistance from the सरकार of China.
He was forced to dissolve parliament र call for elections in November 1994 after a procedural defeat on the floor of the House when 36 MPs of उनका party voted against a सरकार sponsored motion. This led to the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist Leninist)-led coalition coming to power in the elections that followed.
[परिवर्तन्] दोश्रो कार्यकाल (१५ एप्रिल १९९८ - ३१ मे १९९९)
Koirala took over as Prime मन्त्री from Surya Bahadur Thapa following the collapse of the coalition सरकार led by Thapa. Koirala first headed a नेपाली Congress minority सरकार until December 25th, 1998 after which he headed र a three-party coalition सरकार with the Communist Party of Nepal (UML) र the Nepal Sadhbhawana Party.
[परिवर्तन्] तेश्रो कार्यकाल (२२ मार्च २००० - २६ जुलाई २००१)
Koirala became Prime मन्त्री in 2000 for उनका third term following the resignation of Krishna Prasad Bhattarai who faced an impending vote of no-confidence from dissidents within उनका own party.[3] At that time Nepal was fighting a civil war against the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). During उनका third term as Prime Minister, उनका सरकार was plagued by allegations of corruption. Following the royal massacre of Nepal, Koirala was further criticized for उनका inability to handle the crisis. Koirala resigned in July 2001 following which the military was mobilized in the civil war for the first time, something Koirala had unsuccessfully attempted to do while in office. He was replaced by उनका one-time protege former Prime मन्त्री Sher Bahadur Deuba.
[परिवर्तन्] चौथो कार्यकाल (३० एप्रिल २००६ - )
After the reinstatement of the Pratinidhi Sabha on April 24, 2006 following the Loktantra Andolan, Mr. Koirala was selected to become Prime मन्त्री by the leaders of the Seven Party Alliance (SPA).
On July 3rd, 2006, he suffered chest pains र was rushed to hospital in serious condition. Only week before he returned from Bangkok after medical tests र treatmant were carried out. Only day after he was admitted in hospital he was to give a "policy र program" speech at parliament.
During उनका fourth term, Mr Koirala tabled legislation to strip the King of उनका powers र sought to bring the Army under parliamentary control through the new Military Act. Both measures passed overwhelmingly. On November 7th, 2006, Mr Koirala र the leaders of the SPA signed an agreement with the CPN (Maoist) to end the insurgency र hold elections to a constituent assembly. On November 21, 2006, Mr. Koirala signed the landmark Comprehensive Peace Accord with Maoist र rightly declared, "Politics of violence र terror has ended." Furthermore, on November 28, 2006 the Government of Nepal led by Mr. Koirala engaged in sigining another landmard tripatriat agreement with the Maoist rebel group र United Nations on the issue of Monitoring of the Management of Arms र Armies.
[परिवर्तन्] विवाद
Koirala has several opponents among the नेपाली public. His governments have been alleged of corruption on occasions. During उनका third term, he was constantly dogged by the corruption scandal called the Lauda Air Corruption Scam in which he has been alleged of massive siphoning of funds from the leasing of over-priced Boeing jets. [4]However, none have been substantiated.
| पूर्वाधिकारी ज्ञानेन्द्र वीर विक्रम शाहदेव |
नेपालको राष्ट्रप्रमुख ई.सं.२००७–हाल सम्म वि.सं.२०६४ -- हालसम्म |
उत्तराधिकारी - |
| पूर्वाधिकारी कृष्णप्रसाद भट्टराई |
नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री मे २६, १९९१–नोवेम्बर ३०, १९९४ |
उत्तराधिकारी मनमोहन अधिकारी |
| पूर्वाधिकारी सूर्य बहादुर थापा |
नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री एप्रिल १५, १९९८–मे ३१, १९९९ |
उत्तराधिकारी कृष्ण प्रसाद भट्टराई |
| पूर्वाधिकारी कृष्ण प्रसाद भट्टराई |
नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री मार्च २२, २०००–जुलाई २६, २००१ |
उत्तराधिकारी शेरबहादुर देउबा |
| पूर्वाधिकारी ज्ञानेन्द्र वीर विक्रम शाहदेव |
नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री अप्रिल ३०, २००६–हाल सम्म |
उत्तराधिकारी - |
| पूर्वाधिकारी कृष्णप्रसाद भट्टराई |
नेपाली कांग्रेसका सभापति ??–हाल सम्म |
उत्तराधिकारी - |
| पूर्वाधिकारी ?? |
नेपाली कांग्रेसका महामन्त्री ??–?? |
उत्तराधिकारी सुशिल कोइराला |
