Robert Hallam
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| Denomination | Catholic |
|---|---|
| Senior posting | |
| See | Salisbury |
| Title | Bishop of Salisbury |
| Period in office | 1407–1417 |
| Predecessor | Nicholas Bubwith |
| Successor | John Chandler |
| Personal | |
| Date of death | September 4, 1417 |
Robert Hallam (died September 4, 1417), was an English churchman, Bishop of Salisbury and English representative at the Council of Constance. He was Chancellor of the University of Oxford from 1403 to 1405.
Hallam had been educated at Oxford. On leaving the chancellorship, he was nominated in May of 1406 by Pope Innocent VII as Archbishop of York, but the appointment was vetoed by King Henry IV in the same year.[1] However, in 1407 he was consecrated by Pope Gregory XII at Siena as Bishop of Salisbury.[2] At the Council of Pisa in 1409 he was one of the English representatives. On June 6, 1411 Antipope John XXIII (Baldassare Cardinal Cossa) purported to make Hallam a cardinal, but this title was not recognized.
At the Council of Constance, in November 1414, Hallam was the chief English envoy. There he took a prominent position, as an advocate of Church reform and of the superiority of the council to the pope. He played a leading part in the discussions leading to the deposition of Antipope John XXIII on May 29, 1415, but was less concerned with the trials of Jan Hus and Jerome of Prague. Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, through whose influence the council had been assembled, was absent during the whole of 1416 on a diplomatic mission in France and England; but when he returned to Constance in January of 1417, as the open ally of the English king, Hallam as Henry V's trusted representative obtained increased importance, and contrived to emphasize English prestige by delivering the address of welcome to Sigismund. Afterwards, under Henry's direction, he supported the emperor in trying to secure a reform of the Church, before the council proceeded to the election of a new pope. This matter was still undecided when Hallam died suddenly on September 4, 1417.[2] After his death the cardinals were able to secure the immediate election of a new pope, (Martin V, elected on November 11): It has been said that the abandonment of the reformers by the English was due entirely to Hallam's death; but it is more likely that Henry V, foreseeing the possible need for a change of front, had given Hallam discretionary powers which the bishop's successors used. Hallam himself had the confidence of Sigismund and was generally respected for his straightforward independence. He was buried in the cathedral at Constance, where his tomb near the high altar is marked by a brass of English workmanship.
[edit] Notes
[edit] References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
- Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology, Third Edition, revised, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
| Roman Catholic Church titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Thomas Langley |
Archbishop of York election quashed 1406–1407 |
Succeeded by Henry Bowet |
| Preceded by Nicholas Bubwith |
Bishop of Salisbury 1407–1417 |
Succeeded by John Chandler |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Hallam, Robert |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Chancellor of Oxford University; Archbishop of York-elect; Bishop of Salisbury |
| DATE OF BIRTH | |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 4, 1417 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | Constance |
