Nicotinic antagonist

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A nicotinic antagonist is a type of anticholinergic which inhibits the action at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These compounds are mainly used for peripheral muscle paralysis in surgery, but some centrally acting compounds such as bupropion, mecamylamine and 18-methoxycoronaridine block nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain and can be used for treating drug addiction.

Comparison
Mechanism	Antagonist	Preferred receptor	Clinical use
Ganglionic blocking agents	Hexamethonium	Ganglion type	none^[1]
	Mecamylamine	Ganglion type
	Trimethaphan	Ganglion type	Rarely used for blood pressure decrease during surgery^[1]
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents	Atracurium	Muscle type	muscle relaxant in anaesthesia^[1]
	Doxacurium	Muscle type
	Mivacurium	Muscle type
	Pancuronium	Muscle type	muscle relaxant in anaesthesia^[1]
	Tubocurarine	Muscle type	Rarely used ^[1]
	Vecuronium	Muscle type	muscle relaxant in anaesthesia^[1]
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents	Succinylcholine	Muscle type
Centrally acting nicotinic antagonists	18-Methoxycoronaridine	α3β4

[edit] References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Rang, H. P. (2003). Pharmacology. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 0-443-07145-4. Page 149

[edit] External links

MeSH Nicotinic+antagonists

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v • d • e Antihypertensives (C02) and diuretics (C03)

Sympatholytic agents (including alpha)	centrally acting/antiadrenergics: Clonidine • Guanfacine • Methyldopa • Moxonidine • Rilmenidine • adrenergic uptake inhibitor (Rescinnamine, Reserpine) ganglion-blocking/nicotinic antagonist (Mecamylamine, Trimethaphan) peripherally acting/antiadrenergics (Prazosin, Guanethidine, Indoramin, Doxazosin)

Vasodilators	Diazoxide • Hydralazine • Minoxidil • Nitroprusside • Phentolamine

Other antihypertensives	serotonin antagonist (Ketanserin) • endothelin receptor antagonist (Bosentan, Ambrisentan, Sitaxsentan)

Low ceiling diuretics	Thiazide (Bendroflumethiazide, Chlorothiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide) • Chlortalidone • Indapamide • Quinethazone • Mersalyl • Metolazone • Theobromine • Cicletanine

High ceiling diuretics	Loop diuretic (Bumetanide, Furosemide, Torasemide)

Potassium-sparing diuretics	ESC blockers (Amiloride, Triamterene) • aldosterone antagonists (Spironolactone, Eplerenone, Potassium canrenoate, Canrenone)

v • d • e

Skeletal Muscle relaxants (M03)

Peripherally acting
(primarily antinicotinic,
neuromuscular-blocking drugs)

Curare Alkaloids (Non-Depolarising)	Alcuronium, Dimethyltubocurarine, Tubocurarine

quaternary ammonium compounds (Non-Depolarising)	Atracurium, Cisatracurium, Doxacurium chloride, Fazadinium bromide, Gallamine, Hexafluronium, Metocurine, Mivacurium chloride, Pancuronium, Pipecuronium bromide, Rocuronium bromide,Vecuronium

Choline Derivatives (Depolarising)	Suxamethonium, Succinylcholine

Other	Botulinum toxin

Centrally Acting

Directly acting

Dantrolene

v • d • e Receptor agonists, antagonists, and reuptake inhibitors

BA/M: 5-HT (serotonin) receptor	Serotonin receptor agonist • Serotonin antagonist (5-HT₃) • Serotonin uptake inhibitor (SSRI)

BA/M: Dopamine receptor	Dopamine agonist • Dopamine antagonist • Dopamine reuptake inhibitor

BA/M: Adrenergic receptor	Adrenergic agonist (Alpha, Beta₂) • Adrenergic antagonist (Alpha, Beta) • Adrenergic uptake inhibitor

BA/M: Histamine receptor	Histamine agonist • Histamine antagonist (H₁, H₂)

Acetylcholine receptor	Cholinergic (Muscarinic, Nicotinic) • Anticholinergic (Muscarinic, Nicotinic) • Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

AA: GABA receptor	GABA agonist • GABA antagonist

AA: Glutamate receptor	NMDA receptor (NMDA receptor antagonist)

Categories: Pharmacology stubs

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Nicotinic antagonist

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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