Erskine Hamilton Childers
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| Erskine Childers | |
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| In office 25 June 1973 – 17 November 1974 |
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| Preceded by | Éamon de Valera |
| Succeeded by | Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh |
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| Born | 11 December 1905 London, England |
| Died | 17 November 1974 (aged 68) Dublin, Ireland |
| Political party | Fianna Fáil |
| Profession | politician |
Erskine Hamilton Childers (11 December 1905 – 17 November 1974) served as the fourth President of Ireland from 1973 until his death in 1974. He was a TD from 1938 until 1973. Childers served as Minister for Posts and Telegraphs (1951–1954, 1959–1961, and 1966–1969), Minister for Lands (1957–1959), Minister for Transport and Power (1959–1969), and Minister for Health (1969–1973). He was appointed Tánaiste of the Republic of Ireland in 1969.
His father Robert Erskine Childers was a leading Irish Republican and author of the espionage thriller The Riddle of the Sands, and was executed during the Irish Civil War.
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[edit] Early life
Childers was born in London, to a Protestant family originally from Glendalough, Ireland. Although also born in England, his father, Robert Erskine Childers, had had an Irish mother and had been raised by an uncle in County Wicklow, and after the First World War took his family to live there. His mother, Mary Alden Childers was a Bostonian that was from a family directly related to the Mayflower landing in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Robert Erskine Childers and his wife, Mary, later emerged as prominent and outspoken Irish Republican opponents of the political settlement with Britain which resulted in the establishment of the Irish Free State.[1] Childers was educated at Gresham's School, Holt,[2] and the University of Cambridge, hence his striking British upper class accent. In 1922, when Childers was sixteen, his father was executed by the new Irish Free State on politically-inspired charges of gun-possession. Before his execution, in a spirit of reconciliation, the older Childers obtained a promise from his son to seek out and shake the hand of every man who had signed the death warrant. [3] After attending his father's funeral, Childers returned to Gresham's[2], then two years later he went on to Trinity College, Cambridge[4].
[edit] Career
After finishing his education, he worked for a period in a tourism board in Paris until the then Taoiseach of Ireland Éamon de Valera invited him back to Ireland to work for the Irish Press. He became a naturalised Irish citizen in 1938. A member of Fianna Fáil, he held a number of ministerial posts in the cabinets of Éamon de Valera, Seán Lemass and Jack Lynch, becoming Tánaiste in 1969. Erskine's period as a minister was controversial. One commentator described his ministerial career as "spectacularly unsuccessful". Others praised his willingness to take tough decisions. He was outspoken in his opposition to Charles Haughey in the aftermath of the Arms Crisis, when Haughey and another minister, both having been sacked, were sent for trial amid allegations of a plot to import arms for the Provisional IRA. (Haughey and the other minister, Neil Blaney, were both acquitted.)
In a political upset, Childers was elected the fourth President of Ireland on 30 May 1973, defeating Tom O'Higgins by 635,867 votes to 578,771. Childers, though 67, was a vibrant, extremely hard-working president who earned universal respect and popularity, in the process making the office of President a highly visible and useful institution. However, he died suddenly of a heart attack in November 1974, while making a public speech to the Royal College of Physicians in Dublin.
[edit] Funeral
Childers's state funeral in St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, was attended by world leaders including the Vice-President of the United States, Earl Mountbatten of Burma (representing Queen Elizabeth II), the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and leader of the Opposition, and presidents and crowned heads of state from Europe and beyond. He was buried in the grounds of Derralossary church in Roundwood, County Wicklow.
[edit] Succession
Initially it was expected that President Childers' popular widow, Rita, would be offered the office of president to continue his work, but it went instead to the former Chief Justice, Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh.
[edit] Family
Childers was survived by his second wife, Rita, and children from both his marriages. A son, Erskine Childers, by his first wife Ruth Ellen Dow, was a UN civil servant and Secretary General of the World Federation of United Nations Associations. A daughter by his second wife Rita, Nessa Childers, is a councillor for the Green Party on Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council.
[edit] Political career
| Oireachtas | ||
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| Preceded by Matthew Davis (Fianna Fáil) |
Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála for Athlone-Longford 1938–1948 |
Succeeded by Constituency abolished |
| Preceded by Newly created constituency |
Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála for Longford-Westmeath 1948–1961 |
Succeeded by Constituency abolished |
| Preceded by Newly created constituency |
Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála for Monaghan 1961–1973 |
Succeeded by Brendan Toal (Fine Gael) |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by Conn Ward |
Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Local Government 1944–1948 |
Succeeded by Brendan Corish |
| Preceded by James Everett |
Minister for Posts & Telegraphs 1951–1954 |
Succeeded by Michael Keyes |
| Preceded by Joseph Blowick |
Minister for Lands 1957–1959 |
Succeeded by Micheál Ó Móráin |
| Preceded by — |
Minister without portfolio 23 Jul. 1959–27 Jul. 1959 |
Succeeded by — |
| Preceded by Newly created office |
Minister for Transport & Power 1959–1969 |
Succeeded by Brian Lenihan |
| Preceded by Joseph Brennan |
Minister for Posts & Telegraphs 1966–1969 |
Succeeded by Patrick Lalor |
| Preceded by Frank Aiken |
Tánaiste 1969–1973 |
Succeeded by Brendan Corish |
| Preceded by Seán Flanagan |
Minister for Health 1969–1973 |
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| Preceded by Éamon de Valera |
President of Ireland 1973–1974 |
Succeeded by Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh |
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[edit] Notes
- ^ Young , John, Erskine H Childers (Colin Smythe) (1985) ISBN 0861401956, pp. 5-7
- ^ a b I Will Plant Me a Tree: an Illustrated History of Gresham's School by S.G.G. Benson and Martin Crossley Evans (James & James, London, 2002)
- ^ article in Time magazine
- ^ http://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=425
[edit] References
- Official Republic of Ireland, Presidential Bio : http://www.president.ie/index.php?section=34&lang=eng
[edit] Additional reading
John N. Young, Erskine H. Childers: President of Ireland
[edit] See also
[edit] External Links
Headstone at Derralossary Church
