Oscilloscope

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Illustration showing the interior of a cathode-ray tube for use in an oscilloscope. Numbers in the picture indicate:

Deflection voltage electrodes
Electron gun
Electron beam
Focusing coil
Phosphor-coated inner side of the screen

A Tektronix model 475A portable analogue oscilloscope, a very typical instrument of the late 1970s. This dual-trace, dual-sweep instrument had a horizontal bandwidth of 250 MHz, a maximum vertical sensitivity of 5 mV per division, and maximum (unmagnified) horizontal sweep speed of 10 ns per division. The vertical controls are on the left with Channel 1 above and Channel 2 below. The horizontal sweep controls are on the right with the Main Trigger above and the Delayed Trigger below. The CRT controls are below the screen. The metal loop to the lower right of the screen provided a calibration signal for voltage and current probes.

An oscilloscope (sometimes abbreviated CRO, for cathode-ray oscilloscope, or commonly just scope or O-scope) is a piece of electronic test equipment that allows signal voltages to be viewed.

Usually it shows a two-dimensional graph of one or more electrical potential differences (vertical axis). These are plotted as a function of time or of some other voltage (horizontal axis).

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A typical oscilloscope is usually box shaped with a display screen, numerous input connectors, control knobs and buttons on the front panel. To aid measurement, a grid called the graticule is drawn on the face of the screen. Each square in the graticule is known as a division.

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Oscilloscope

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