Guibert de Nogent

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Guibert de Nogent (1053–1124) foi um historiador Beneditino, teólogo e autor de autobiografia. Guibert foi relativamente desconhecido em seu tempo, sendo virtualmente não mencionado por seus contemporâneo. A atenção sobre ele foi chamada só recentemente por estudante que se interessam mais por sua extensiva autobiografia e personalidade que revela o interior da vida medieval.

Guibert nasceu de pais nobres deClermont-en-Beauvaisis. De acordo com suas memórias o trabalho desde cedo custou sua vida e de sua mãe. Seu pai foi violento, inconsequente e morreu um ano após seu nascimento. His mother was domineering, of great beauty and intelligence, and of aggressive puritanical bent. She assumed control of his education, isolating him from his peers and put with a private tutor, from the ages of six to twelve. Guibert remembers the tutor as brutally exacting, and incompetent. Around the age of twelve his mother retired to an abbey near St. Germer de Fly (or Flay), and Guibert soon followed: entering the Order at St. Germer, he studied with great zeal, devoting himself at first to the secular poets Ovid and Virgil—an experience which left its imprint on his works—later changing to theology, through the influence of Anselm of Bec, afterwards of Canterbury.

Em 1104, he was chosen abbot of the poor and tiny abbey of Nogent-sous-Coucy (founded 1059) and henceforth took a more prominent part in ecclesiastical affairs, where he came into contact with bishops and court society. More importantly it gave him time to engage in his passion for writing. His first major work of this period is his history of the First Crusade called Dei gesta per Francos ("God's deeds performed by the Franks"), finished in 1108 and touched up in 1121. The history is largely a paraphrase, in ornate style, of the Gesta Francorum of an anonymous Norman author; Crusade historians have traditionally not been forthcoming with favourable reviews; the fact that he stays so close to Gesta Francorum, and the difficulty of his Latin, make it seem superfluous. Recent editors and translators, however, have called attention to his excellent writing and original material. More importantly, Dei gesta provides invaluable information about the reception of the crusade in France, both for the general public and Guibert's own personal reactions. Guibert personally knew crusaders, had grown up with crusaders, and had talked with them about their memories and experiences on their return.

Da leitura moderna de sua autobiografia (De vita sua sive monodiarum suarum libri tres), ou Memoirs, escrito em 1115, é o mais interessante trabalho de Guibert. Escrito perto de sua morte num modelo de Confissões de Santo Augustinho, traçando sua vida da infância através de suas dificuldades, ele fornece piturescas passagen do seu próprio tempo e sobre os costumes de seu país. The description of the short-lived commune of Laon is an historical document of the first order. He provides invaluable information on daily life in castle and monastery, on educational methods then in vogue, and insights into some of the major and minor personalities of his time. His work is coloured by his personal passions and prejudices, and these add to the value of the work for they provide a window into one person's perspective on the medieval world.

[editar] Referências

• Recursos
• Biografia mais completa (em francês)
• Guibert de Nogent, chroniqueur laonnois por Jacques Chaurand Membro da Sociedade história e arqueológica de Vervins e da Thiérache
  • The Autobiography Of Guibert. C.C. Swinton Bland, translater,The Autobiography of Guibert, Abbot of Nogent-sous-Coucy (Londres: George Routledge: New York: E.P. Dutton, 1925) de Internet Archive
    • Memoirs and [1] from the Internet Medieval Sourcebook. Excerpts from the English translation by C.C. Swinton Bland.
  • On the Saints and their Relics da Internet Medieval Sourcebook
  • The Revolt in Laon da Internet Medieval Sourcebook.
  • On the First Crusade, incluindo versão de Guibert do Papa Urbano speech and impressions of Peter the Hermit.
  • Obras de Guibert of Nogent no Projeto Gutenberg
    • The Deeds of God through the Franks, e-texto do Projeto Gutenburg. Traduzido por Robert Levine 1997.
• Livros
  • Paul J. Archambault (1995). A Monk's Confession: The Memoirs of Guibert of Nogent. ISBN 0-271-01481-4
  • John Benton, ed. (1970). Self and Society in Medieval France: The Memoirs of Abbot Guibert of Nogent. A revised edition of the 1925 C.C. Swinton Bland edition, includes introduction and latest research. ISBN 0-8020-6550-3 (1984 reprint, Editora da Universidade de Toronto).
  • Robert Levine (1997). The Deeds of God through the Franks : Tradução por Guibert de Nogent de `Gesta Dei per Francos' . ISBN 0-85115-693-2
  • Jay Rubenstein (2002). Guibert of Nogent: Portrait of a Medieval Mind. ISBN 0-415-93970-4pt:Guibert de Nogent