Zosterops
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| Zosterops | ||||||||||||
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 Japanese White-eye
Zosterops japonicus |
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Some 75, see text. |
Zosterops is a genus of birds containing the typical white-eyes. They are traditionally placed in the white-eye family Zosteropidae which may actually be a part of the Timaliidae however (Jønsson & Fjeldså 2006).
This genus has the highest number of species among the white-eyes by far. They occur in the Afrotropic ecoregion, the Indomalaya zone, and the Australasia ecozone. Typical white-eyes can reach a length between 8 and 15 cm. Their most characteristic feature is the conspicuous white feather ring around the eyes, though some species lack it.
[edit] Systematics
A review of new DNA sequence data (Jønsson & Fjeldså 2006) suggests that the genus might not be monophyletic. Few species have been researched however, with the highest density of sampled taxa being from Micronesia. There, it appears, a more distinct eastern lineage and a western one closer to East Asian species occur. The relationships of the former to the Rukia white-eyes need investigation. Also, the Cape White-eye seems to stand apart from the rest but this is by no means certain.
- African Yellow White-eye, Zosterops senegalensis
- Cameroon Green White-eye, Zosterops (senegalensis) stenocricotus
- Kirk's White-eye, Zosterops (senegalensis) kirki
- Pemba White-eye, Zosterops vaughani
- Chestnut-sided White-eye, Zosterops mayottensis
- Seychelles (Chestnut-sided) White-eye, Zosterops (mayottensis) semiflava - extinct (late 19th century)
- Montane (Broad-ringed) White-eye, Zosterops poliogastrus - formerly poliogaster
- Kulal White-eye, Zosterops (poliogastrus) kulalensis
- Taita White-eye, Zosterops (poliogastrus) silvanus
- South Pare White-eye, Zosterops (poliogastrus) winifredae
- Kikuyu White-eye, Zosterops (poliogastrus) kikuyuensis.
- White-breasted White-eye, Zosterops abyssinicus
- Cape White-eye, Zosterops pallidus
- Orange River White-eye, Zosterops (pallidus) pallidus
- Madagascar White-eye, Zosterops maderaspatanus
- Mount Karthala White-eye, Zosterops mouroniensis
- Sao Tome White-eye, Zosterops ficedulinus
- Annobon White-eye, Zosterops griseovirescens
- Mascarene White-eye, Zosterops borbonicus
- Réunion Grey White-eye, Zosterops (borbonicus) borbonicus
- Mauritius Grey White-eye, Zosterops (borbonicus) mauritianus
- Reunion White-eye, Zosterops olivaceus
- Mauritius Olive White-eye, Zosterops chloronothos
- Seychelles White-eye, Zosterops modestus
- Sri Lanka White-eye, Zosterops ceylonensis
- Chestnut-flanked White-eye, Zosterops erythropleurus
- Oriental White-eye, Zosterops palpebrosus
- Japanese White-eye, Zosterops japonicus
- Borodino Islands White-Eye, Zosterops japonicus daitoensis
- Lowland White-eye, Zosterops meyeni
- Enggano White-eye, Zosterops salvadorii
- Bridled White-eye, Zosterops conspicillatus - possibly poly- or paraphyletic
- Guam Bridled White-eye, Zosterops (conspicillatus) conspicillatus - extinct (1983)
- Rota Bridled White-eye, Zosterops rotensis - recently split from Z. conspicillatus
- Plain White-eye, Zosterops hypolais
- Caroline Islands White-eye, Zosterops semperi
- Black-capped White-eye, Zosterops atricapilla - formerly atricapillus
- Everett's White-eye, Zosterops everetti
- Yellowish White-eye, Zosterops nigrorum
- Mountain White-eye, Zosterops montanus
- Christmas Island White-eye, Zosterops natalis
- Javan White-eye, Zosterops flavus
- Yellow-bellied White-eye, Zosterops chloris
- Ashy-bellied White-eye, Zosterops citrinella - formerly citrinellus
- Pearl-bellied White-eye, Zosterops grayi
- Golden-bellied White-eye, Zosterops uropygialis
- Sulawesi White-eye, Zosterops consobrinorum
- Black-ringed White-eye, Zosterops anomalus
- Yellow-spectacled White-eye, Zosterops wallacei
- Black-crowned White-eye, Zosterops atrifrons
- Sangihe White-eye, Zosterops nehrkorni
- Seram White-eye, Zosterops stalkeri
- Creamy-throated White-eye, Zosterops atriceps
- Black-fronted White-eye, Zosterops minor
- White-throated White-eye, Zosterops meeki
- Black-headed White-eye, Zosterops hypoxanthus
- Biak White-eye, Zosterops mysorensis
- Capped White-eye, Zosterops fuscicapilla - formerly fuscicapillus
- Buru Yellow White-eye, Zosterops buruensis
- Ambon Yellow White-eye, Zosterops kuehni
- New Guinea White-eye, Zosterops novaeguineae
- Australian Yellow White-eye, Zosterops luteus
- Louisiade White-eye, Zosterops griseotinctus
- Rennell White-eye, Zosterops rennellianus
- Banded White-eye, Zosterops vellalavella
- Ganongga White-eye, Zosterops splendidus
- Splendid White-eye, Zosterops luteirostris
- Solomon Islands White-eye, Zosterops kulambangrae
- Kulambangra White-eye, Zosterops murphyi
- Yellow-throated White-eye, Zosterops metcalfii
- Grey-throated White-eye, Zosterops rendovae
- Malaita White-eye, Zosterops stresemanni
- Santa Cruz White-eye, Zosterops santaecrucis
- Silvereye, Zosterops lateralis
- Lord Howe Silvereye, Zosterops (lateralis) tephropleurus - formerly tephropleurus
- Lord Howe White-eye, Zosterops strenuus - formerly strenua; extinct (c.1918)
- Slender-billed White-eye, Zosterops tenuirostris
- White-chested White-eye, Zosterops albogularis
- Large Lifou White-eye, Zosterops inornatus
- Layard's White-eye, Zosterops explorator
- Yellow-fronted White-eye, Zosterops flavifrons
- Green-backed White-eye, Zosterops xanthochroa - formerly xanthochrous
- Small Lifou White-eye, Zosterops minutus
- Samoan White-eye, Zosterops samoensis
- Dusky White-eye, Zosterops finschii
- Grey-brown White-eye, Zosterops cinereus
- Yap Olive White-eye, Zosterops oleagineus - sometimes placed in Rukia (as R. oleaginea)
- Togian White-eye, Zosterops somadikartai - described in 2008
- Wangi Wangi White-eye Zosterops sp. nov. - discovered in 2003
[edit] References
- Jønsson, Knud A. & Fjeldså, Jon (2006): A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds (Aves: Passeri). Zool. Scripta 35(2): 149–186. doi::10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00221.x (HTML abstract)
[edit] External links
- Zosterops videos on the Internet Bird Collection
