Vaganova Ballet Academy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Vaganova Ballet Academy is probably the most famous and influential classical ballet school in the world. Established in 1738, the Vaganova Academy is based in St. Petersburg, Russia and is named after the internationally renowned dancer, ballet mistress and teacher Agrippina Vaganova, who founded the method of classical ballet training that has been taught at the school since the 1920s. Graduates of the school include some of the most famous ballet dancers, choreographers and teachers in history and many of the worlds leading ballet schools have adopted elements of the Vaganova method into their own training.
The Vaganova Ballet Academy is the associate school of the Mariinsky Ballet, one of the Worlds leading ballet companies, although students of the school are successful in achieving employment with ballet and contemporary companies worldwide, such as the Bolshoi Ballet, The Royal Ballet and American Ballet Theatre.
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[edit] History
The school was established at the decree of Empress Anna Ivanovna of Russia and opened with twelve boys and twelve girls on 4th May 1738, at the Winter Palace in St Petersburg. The school was originally known as the Imperial Theatre School and its founder director was the French ballet master and teacher Jean-Baptiste Lande. The school grew rapidly and it soon became known as the Imperial Ballet School, after the formation of the Imperial Russian Ballet company. The Imperial Russian Ballet was the predecessor of today's Mariinsky Ballet, which remains one of the worlds leading ballet companies to this day, with the Vaganova Academy as its associate school.
Nearly all the early teachers at the school were from Western Europe and schooled in the French ballet method of the Paris Opera Ballet, including Franz Hilferding and Giovanni Canzianni. The first Russian teacher at the school was Ivan Valberg. After the spread of ballet in Europe, the development of the school was influenced by a number of other teachers and methods, including Christian Johannson, a student of August Bournonville, and the Italian methods of Enrico Cecchetti, Pierina Legnani and Carlotta Brianza. Other renowned 19th century dancers and ballet masters who taught at and were influential in the development in the school include Charles Didelot, Jules Perrot, Arthur Saint-Leon, Lev Ivanov, Marius Petipa and Mikhail Fokine.
Since 1836 the school has been situated on Rossi Street in St Petersburg. Following the upheaval of the Russian Revolution of 1917, St Petersburg was renamed Leningrad after the communist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin. The Imperial Ballet School was dissolved by the Soviet Government and later re-established on the same site, as the Leningrad State Choreographic School. The Imperial Russian Ballet was also dissolved as a result of the revolution and was re-established as the Soviet Ballet. The company was later renamed the Kirov Ballet following the assassination of the Bolshevic revolutionary Sergey Kirov in 1938. Despite later being given the current name Mariinsky Ballet, the company is still commonly known as the Kirov Ballet by the majority of Western audiences and the company still use the title Kirov Ballet when touring internationally.
It was also following the Russian revolution that Agrippina Vaganova joined the school as a teacher in 1920.
[edit] Vaganova
- See also: Vaganova method
The greatest development in the history of the school came when Agrippina Vaganova joined the school as a teacher. Vaganova graduated from the former Imperial Ballet School in 1897 and danced with the Imperial Russian Ballet, retiring from the stage early to pursue her teaching career following the Russian revolution. As the Soviet Government had not yet re-established the school at that time, Vaganova began her teaching career at the privately owned School of Russian Ballet eventually joining the new Leningrad State Choreographic School in 1920. Vaganova was to become possibly the most renowned ballet teacher of all time and is most noted for authoring "The Principles of Classical Dance", which outlines the training system which she created and heads the list of numerous works produced by teachers of the school.
Vaganova's students would become some of the most famous ballet dancers of all time and in recognition of her achievements, the school was named in her honour in 1957, six years after her death. There are a number of variations in the name of the school, but the official title in current use is the Vaganova Ballet Academy.
[edit] Today
[edit] Overview
The Vaganova Ballet Academy is one of the Worlds leading ballet schools and currently has over 300 students. Like other similar institutions, competition for a place at the school is very fierce with over 3000 children auditioning each year, 300 of these being from St Petersburg. Approximately 60 students are selected annually, with approximately 25 eventually graduating from the school having completed the full course of training. The School employs approximately 75 dance teachers, 30 piano teachers, 40 academic teachers and 40 accompanists. The Director of the school is Leonid Nadirov and the Artistic Director is former Kirov Ballet dancer and choreographer Altynai Asylmuratova.
[edit] Auditions
Auditions for the school being in June and children must be at least 10 years old to apply.
The audition process is divided into three sections.
- Aptitude: to assess the candidate's proportions, height of jump, degree of turnout and general appearance etc
- Physical: an examination by a specialist medical practitioner to assess the physiological possibilities of the candidate
- Artistic: to assess the candidate's musicality, rhythm, co-ordination and artistic talent
[edit] Training
All students at the school begin by studying a programme of dance training, secondary school level education, French language and piano lessons. As they progress through the school, the programme becomes more intensive, with new subjects being added to the curriculum as the students become more advanced. In the first year, students study classical and historical dance progressing to character dance in the fourth year and pas de deux and mime in the sixth year. At the end of the 8th year of training, all students dance in a graduation gala at the Mariinsky Theatre. The most successful students may be offered a contract with the Mariinsky Ballet company, with the majority seeking employment with ballet companies in Russia and worldwide, including leading companies such as the Bolshoi Ballet, The Royal Ballet and American Ballet Theatre.
