United States House of Representatives elections, 1954
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The U.S. House election, 1954 was an election for the United States House of Representatives in 1954 which occurred in the middle of President Dwight Eisenhower's first term. Eisenhower's Republican Party lost eighteen seats in the House, giving the Democratic Party a majority that it would retain in every Congressional election until 1994.
Perhaps the most major reason for the Republican defeat was the fallout from the Army-McCarthy Hearings, in which prominent Republican Senator Joe McCarthy accused countless political and intellectual figures of having Communist ties, usually with no evidence.
Sam Rayburn of Texas became Speaker of the House, exchanging places with new Minority Leader Joseph W. Martin, Jr. of Massachusetts.
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[edit] Overall results
| Party | Total Seats (change) | Seat percentage | Popular Vote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 232 | +19 | 53.3% | 52.1% |
| Independents | 0 | -1 | 0.0% | 0.2% |
| Republican Party | 203 | -18 | 46.6% | 47.0% |
| Totals | 435 | +0 | 100.0% | 100.0% |
| 80.1-100% Republican | 80.1-100% Democratic |
| 60.1-80% Republican | 60.1-80% Democratic |
| House seats by party holding plurality in state | |
| 6+ Republican gain | 6+ Democratic gain |
| 3-5 Republican gain | 3-5 Democratic gain |
| 1-2 Republican gain | 1-2 Democratic gain |
| no net change |
[edit] California
| District | Incumbent | Party | Elected | Status | Opponent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California 1 | Hubert B. Scudder | Republican |
|
Running | Hubert B. Scudder (R) 59.1% Max Kortum (IP) 40.9% |
| California 2 | Clair Engle | Democratic |
|
Running | Clair Engle (D) (unopposed) |
| California 3 | John E. Moss | Democratic |
|
Running | John E. Moss (D) 65.3% James H. Phillips (R) 34.7% |
| California 4 | William S. Mailliard | Republican |
|
Running | William S. Mailliard (R) 61.2% Philip A. O'Rourke (D) 36.7% George R. Andersen (IP) 2.1% |
| California 5 | John Shelley | Democratic |
|
Running | John Shelley (D) (unopposed) |
| California 6 | Robert Condon | Democratic |
|
Running | John F. Baldwin, Jr. (R) 50.9% Robert Condon (D) 49.1% |
| California 7 | John J. Allen, Jr. | Republican |
|
Running | John J. Allen, Jr. (R) 53% Stanley K. Crook (D) 47% |
| California 8 | George P. Miller | Democratic |
|
Running | George P. Miller (D) 65.4% Jesse M. Ritchie (R) 34.6% |
| California 9 | J. Arthur Younger | Republican |
|
Running | J. Arthur Younger (R) 54.5% Harold F. Taggart (D) 45.5% |
| California 10 | Charles S. Gubser | Republican |
|
Running | Charles S. Gubser (R) 61.2% Paul V. Birmingham (D) 38.8% |
| California 11 | Justin L. Johnson | Republican |
|
Running | Justin L. Johnson (R) 52.6% Carl Sugar (D) 47.4% |
| California 12 | Allan O. Hunter | Republican |
|
Running | Bernice F. Sisk (D) 53.8% Allan O. Hunter (R) 46.2% |
| California 13 | Ernest K. Bramblett | Republican |
|
Retiring | Charles M. Teague (R) 52.5% Timothy I. O'Reilly (D) 47.5% |
| California 14 | Harlan Hagen | Democratic |
|
Running | Harlan Hagen (D) 65% Al Blain (R) 35% |
| California 15 | Gordon L. McDonough | Republican |
|
Running | Gordon L. McDonough (R) 56.9% Frank P. O'Sullivan (D) 43.1% |
| California 16 | Donald L. Jackson | Republican |
|
Running | Donald L. Jackson (R) 60.8% S. Mark Hogue (D) 39.2% |
| California 17 | Cecil R. King | Democratic |
|
Running | Cecil R. King (D) 60.1% Robert H. Finch (R) 39.9% |
| California 18 | Craig Hosmer | Republican |
|
Running | Craig Hosmer (R) 55% Joseph M. Kennick (D) 45% |
| California 19 | Chet Holifield | Democratic |
|
Running | Chet Holifield (D) 74.8% Raymond R. Pritchard (R) 25.2% |
| California 20 | John Carl Hinshaw | Republican |
|
Running | John Carl Hinshaw (R) 71.2% Eugene Radding (D) 28.8% |
| California 21 | Edgar W. Hiestand | Republican |
|
Running | Edgar W. Hiestand (R) 58.7% William E. "Bill" Roskam (D) 41.3% |
| California 22 | Joseph F. Holt | Republican |
|
Running | Joseph F. Holt (R) 58.2% William M. "Bill" Costley (D) 41.8% |
| California 23 | Clyde Doyle | Democratic |
|
Running | Clyde Doyle (D) 70.9% Frank G. Bussing (R) 27.3% Olive T. Thompson (IP) 1.8% |
| California 24 | Glenard P. Lipscomb | Republican |
|
Running | Glenard P. Lipscomb (R) 56.9% George Arnold (D) 43.1% |
| California 25 | Patrick J. Hillings | Republican |
|
Running | Patrick J. Hillings (R) 65.2% John S. Sobieski (D) 34.8% |
| California 26 | Samuel William Yorty | Democratic |
|
Retiring | James Roosevelt (D) 60.1% Theodore R. "Ted" Owings (R) 39.9% |
| California 27 | Harry R. Sheppard | Democratic |
|
Running | Harry R. Sheppard (D) 64.8% Martin K. Barrett (R) 35.2% |
| California 28 | James B. Utt | Republican |
|
Running | James B. Utt (R) 66.2% Harriet Enderle (D) 33.8% |
| California 29 | John J. Phillips | Republican |
|
Running | John J. Phillips (R) 58% Bruce Shangle (D) 42% |
| California 30 | Bob Wilson | Republican |
|
Running | Bob Wilson (R) 60.4% Ross T. McIntire (D) 39.6% |
[edit] See also
| Preceded by 1952 |
U.S. House elections | Succeeded by 1956 |
[edit] References
- Bean Louis, Influences in the 1954 Mid-Term Elections. Washington: Public Affairs Institute, 1954
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