United States Ambassador to the Netherlands
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The United States Mission to The Netherlands consists of the Embassy located in The Hague and a consular office located in Amsterdam.
In 1782, John Adams was appointed America's first Minister Plenipotentiary to The Netherlands. According to the United States Department of State, the same year came formal recognition by the Netherlands of the United States as a separate and independent nation, along with badly needed financial help that indicated faith in its future. These loans from Friesland and the United Provinces, which have been called "the Marshall Plan in reverse," were the first the new government received.
The American Embassy building in The Hague opened on 4 July 1959. It was designed by architect Marcel Breuer. Notable Americans such as former Presidents Adams and John Quincy Adams, General Hugh Ewing and Iraqi Envoy L. Paul Bremer have held the title of Ambassador.
[edit] Ambassadors
Diplomatic Terms
Career FSO: After 1915, The United States Department of State began classifying ambassadors as career Foreign Service Officers (FSO) for those who have served in the Foreign Service for a specified amount of time.
Political appointee: A person who is not a career foreign service officer, but is appointed by the president; often to reward political friends.
Appointed: The date that the ambassador took the oath of office—also called “commissioning.” This follows confirmation of a presidential appointment by the Senate, or a congressional-recess appointment by the president. In the case of a recess appointment, the ambassador must be later confirmed by the Senate.
Presented Credentials: The date that the ambassador presented his letter of credence to the head of state or appropriate authority of the receiving nation. At this time the ambassador officially becomes the representative of his country. This would normally occur a short time after the ambassador’s arrival on station. The host nation may reject the ambassador by not receiving the ambassador’s letter, but this occurs only rarely.
Terminated mission: Usually the date that the ambassador left the country. In some cases a letter of recall is presented, ending the ambassador’s commission, either as a means of diplomatic protest or because the diplomat is being reassigned elsewhere and replaced by another envoy.
Chargé d’affaires: The person in charge of the business of the embassy when there is no ambassador commissioned to the host country. See chargé d’affaires.
ad interim: For the time being; in the meantime. See ad interim.
- John Adams
- 19-Apr-1782 to 30-Mar-1788
- Charles W. F. Dumas
- 15-Oct-1782 1790
- Interim
- William Short
- 18-Jun-1792 to 19-Dec-1792
- John Quincy Adams
- 06-Nov-1794 to 20-Jun-1797
- William Vans Murray
- 20-Jun-1797 to 02-Sep-1801
- William Eustis
- 20-Jul-1815 to 05-May-1818
- Alexander H. Everett
- 04-Jan-1819 to 07-Apr-1824
- Christopher Hughes
- 10-Jul-1826 to 28-Jan-1830
- William Pitt Preble
- 28-Jan-1830 to 02-May-1831
- Auguste Davezac
- 30-Dec-1831 to 13-Jul-1839
- Harmanus Bleecker
- 13-Jul-1839 to 22-Aug-1842
- Christopher Hughes
- 22-Aug-1842 to 28-Jun-1845
- Auguste Davezac
- 28-Jun-1845 to 16-Sep-1850
- George Folsom
- 16-Sep-1850 to 11-Oct-1853
- August Belmont
- 11-Oct-1853 to 22-Sep-1857
- Henry C. Murphy
- 24-Sep-1857 to 08-Jun-1861
- James S. Pike
- 08-Jun-1861 to 29-May-1866
- Albert Rhodes
- 19-Oct-1866 to 01-Dec-1866
- Hugh Ewing
- 01-Dec-1866 to 31-Oct-1870
- Charles T. Gorham
- 15-Dec-1870 to 09-Jul-1875
- James Birney
- 29-Mar-1876 to 20-Apr-1882
- William L. Dayton
- 26-Sep-1882 to 08-Jun-1885
- Isaac Bell, Jr.
- 08-Jun-1885 to 29-Apr-1888
- Robert Barnwell Roosevelt
- 10-Aug-1888 to 17-May-1889
- Samuel R. Thayer
- 24-May-1889 to 07-Aug-1893
- William E. Quinby
- 11-Aug-1893 to 26-Jul-1897
- Stanford Newel
- 19-Aug-1897 to 30-Jun-1905
- David J. Hill
- 15-Jul-1905 to 01-Jun-1908
- Arthur M. Beaupre
- 15-Jun-1908 to 25-Sep-1911
- Lloyd Bryce
- 16-Nov-1911 to 10-Sep-1913
- Henry van Dyke
- 15-Oct-1913 to 11-Jan-1917
- John W. Garrett
- 11-Oct-1917 to 18-Jun-1919
- William Phillips
- 23-Apr-1920 to 11-Apr-1922
- Richard M. Tobin
- 01-May-1923 to 29-Aug-1929
- Gerrit John Diekema
- 20-Nov-1929 20-Dec-1930
- Died at post
- Laurits S. Swenson
- 29-Apr-1931 to 05-Mar-1934
- Grenville T. Emmet
- 21-Mar-1934 to 21-Aug-1937
- George A. Gordon
- 10-Sep-1937 to 13-May-1940
- Dutch government leaves for England, anticipating German occupation
- Anthony J. Drexel Biddle, Jr.
- 27-Mar-1941 to 01-Dec-1943
- Served in England
- Stanley K Hornbeck
- 08-Dec-1944 to 07-Mar-1947
- Served in England
- Herman B. Baruch
- 12-Apr-1947 to 26-Aug-1949
- Selden Chapin
- 27-Oct-1949 to 30-Oct-1953
- H. Freeman Matthews
- 25-Nov-1953 to 11-Jun-1957
- Philip Young
- 27-Jun-1957 to 20-Dec-1960
- John S. Rice
- 06-May-1961 to 27-May-1964
- William R. Tyler
- 23-Jun-1965 to 20-Jun-1969
- J. William Middendorf II
- 09-Jul-1969 to 10-Jun-1973
- Kingdon Gould, Jr.
- 18-Oct-1973 to 30-Sep-1976
- Robert J. McCloskey
- 22-Oct-1976 to 10-Mar-1978
- Geri M. Joseph
- 06-Sep-1978 to 17-Jun-1981
- William J. Dyess
- 02-Sep-1982 to 19-Jul-1983
- L. Paul Bremer
- 31-Aug-1983 to 25-Aug-1986
- John Shad
- 24-Jun-1987 to 23-Feb-1989
- C. Howard Wilkins, Jr.
- 13-Jul-1989 to 11-Jul-1992
- Thomas H. Gewecke
- Jul-1992 to Jul-1993
- Interim
- Michael Klosson
- Jul-1993 to Mar-1994
- Interim
- K. Terry Dornbush
- 16-Mar-1994 to 28-Jul-1998
- Cynthia P. Schneider
- 02-Sep-1998 to 17-Jun-2001
- Clifford Sobel
- 06-Dec-2001 to 24-Aug-2005
- Roland Arnall
- 2006 to 7-Mar-2008
- James Culbertson
- Nomination still to be approved
