Soyuz 12
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| Soyuz 12 | |||||
| Mission statistics | |||||
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| Mission name | Soyuz 12 | ||||
| Crew size | 2 | ||||
| Call sign | Урал (Ural - "Ural") | ||||
| Launch date | September 27, 1973 12:18:16 UTC Gagarin's Start |
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| Landing | September 29, 1973 11:33:48 UTC |
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| Mission duration | 1d/23:15:32 | ||||
| Number of orbits | 31 | ||||
| Related missions | |||||
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Soyuz 12 was the test flight of the newly-redesigned Soyuz spacecraft that was intended to provide greater crew safety in the wake of the Soyuz 11 tragedy. The crew capacity of the capsule had been decreased from three to two cosmonauts to allow for space suits to be worn during launch, re-entry, and potentially hazardous maneuvers such as docking.
Cosmonauts Vasili Lazarev and Oleg Makarov were to evaluate the design, which proved to be successful and well-behaved.
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[edit] Crew
Number in parentheses indicates number of spaceflights by each individual prior to and including this mission.
- Vasili Lazarev (1) - Commander
- Oleg Makarov (1) - Flight Engineer
[edit] Backup crew
- Aleksei Gubarev - Commander
- Georgi Grechko - Flight Engineer
[edit] Reserve crew
- Pyotr Klimuk - Commander
- Vitali Sevastyanov - Flight Engineer
[edit] Mission parameters
- Mass: 6720 kg
- Perigee: 306 km
- Apogee: 348 km
- Inclination: 51.0°
- Period: 91.0 min
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