Rum baba
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A rum baba or baba au rhum is a small yeast cake saturated in liquor, usually rum, and sometimes filled with whipped cream or pastry cream. It is most typically made in individual servings (about a 2" tall slightly tapered cylinder) but sometimes can be made in larger forms similar to those used for Bundt cakes.
The batter for baba is even richer than that for brioche, and includes eggs, milk, and butter.
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[edit] History
The original form of the baba was similar to the babka, a tall cylindrical yeast cake. The name means 'old woman' or 'grandmother' in the Slavic languages, and has nothing to do with Ali Baba; babka is a diminutive of the same word.
The modern version "Baba au Rhum" (Rum Baba), with dried fruit and soaking in rum, was invented in France in 1835 or before. Today, the word "Baba" in France and pretty much everywhere else outside eastern Europe usually refers to the modified french version, more correctly named "Baba au Rhum" ("Rum Baba")
The original Baba was introduced into France in the 18th century via Alsace and Lorraine. This is attributed to Stanislas, the exiled king of Poland [1][2]. However, legends crediting of Stanislas with the innovation of the "Baba au Rhum" are certainly false, theories giving partial credit to Stanislas seem possible, though partially unlikely: the Larousse Gastronomique reports that Stanislas had the idea of soaking a dried Kugelhopf (a cake roughly similar to the baba and already common in Alsace-Lorraine when he arrived there) with alcohol. Other sources have Stanislas doing this with a baba instead of a Kugelhopf, which is a little more plausible and would better explain the motivation to add alcohol to a dried cake. Another possibly plausible version [3] is that when Stanislas brought back a baba from one of his voyages, it was already dried. Nicolas Stohrer, one of his pâtissiers (or possibly just apprentice pâtissiers at the time), solved the problem by addition of adding Malaga wine, saffron, dried and fresh raisin and crême pâtissière. While some books have Stanislas naming the cake "Ali-Baba" because he would have been reading the 1001 Nights at the time, this is most probably a false attempt at explaining the origin of the name by someone who didn't know the polish baba cake (Baba Polonais).
Either way, Courchamps states in 1839 that the descendants of Stanislas served the baba with a saucière containing sweet malaga wine mixed with one sixth of Tanaisie Licquor.
Nicolas Stohrer followed Stanislas' daughter Maria Leszczyńska to Versailles as her pâtissier in 1725 when she married King Louis XV, founded his Pâtisserie in Paris in 1730. One of his descendants allegedly came to the idea of using Rum in 1835. While he is believed to have done so on the fresh cakes (right out of the mold), it is a common practice today to let the baba dry a little so that it soaks up better. Later, the recipe was refined by mixing the Rum with aromatized sugar sirup.
Finally, in 1844, other parisian pâtissiers, the Julien Brothers, invented the "Savarin" which is strongly inspired by the "Baba au Rhum" but is soaked with a different alcohol mixture and uses a circular (ring) cake mold instead of the simple round (cylindrical) form. The ring form is nowadays often associated with the Baba au Rhum as well, and the name "Savarin" is also sometimes given to the rum-soaked circular cake.
The baba was later brought to Naples by French cooks, and became a popular Neapolitan specialty, under the name babà or babbà.
[edit] External Links and References
- ^ Courchamps, Dictionnaire Général de la Cuisine Française, 1839
- ^ Grimod de La Reynière, "Almanach des gourmands", 1806
- ^ History of the Baba according to the Pâtisserie Stohrer (possibly biased): http://www.stohrer.fr/historique/index.html
- article about the history of the Baba, with references to historical texts: http://www.leguidedesconnaisseurs.be/article271.html
