Robert Charles Winthrop

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Robert Charles Winthrop

Robert Charles Winthrop
22nd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
In office December 6, 1847 – March 4, 1849
President	James K. Polk
Preceded by	John W. Davis
Succeeded by	Howell Cobb
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts's 1st district
In office November 9, 1840 – May 25, 1842 November 29, 1842 – July 30, 1850
Preceded by	Abbott Lawrence Nathan Appleton
Succeeded by	Nathan Appleton Samuel A. Eliot
United States Senator from Massachusetts
In office July 30, 1850 – February 1, 1851
Preceded by	Daniel Webster
Succeeded by	Robert Rantoul, Jr.
Born	May 12, 1809 Boston, Massachusetts
Died	November 16, 1894 (aged 85) Boston, Massachusetts
Political party	Whig
Spouse	Elizabeth Cabot Blanchard
Alma mater	Harvard University
Profession	Philanthropy

Portrait by Daniel Huntington, 1882

Robert Charles Winthrop (May 12, 1809 – November 16, 1894) was an American lawyer and philanthropist and one time Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts to Thomas Lindall Winthrop (1760-1841) and Elizabeth Bowdoin Temple (1769-1825), attended the prestigious Boston Latin School, and graduated from Harvard University in 1828. On March 12, 1832, he married Elizabeth Cabot Blanchard (1809-1842), with whom he had three children.

After studying law with Daniel Webster he was admitted to the bar in 1831 and practiced in Boston. He served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1835 to 1840, and served as Speaker of the House of that body from 1838 to 1840.

Winthrop was elected as a Whig to the 26th United States Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Abbott Lawrence; he was reelected to the 27th Congress and served from November 9, 1840, to May 25, 1842, when he resigned. He was subsequently elected to the 27th Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of his successor, Nathan Appleton; he was reelected to the 28th and to the three succeeding Congresses and served from November 29, 1842 until to July 30, 1850, and served as the Speaker of the House during the 30th Congress.

After Daniel Webster resigned to become Secretary of State in 1850, Winthrop resigned from House and was appointed by fellow Whig Governor George Briggs to fill the remainder of Webster's Senate term. Winthrop's views proved no more palatable to abolitionists than did Webster's, and he failed to win reelection by the Legislature to either of Massachusetts' Senate seats in 1851. Later that year, Winthrop actually won a popular plurality in the race for Massachusetts Governor but as the state Constitution required a majority, the election was thrown into the Legislature and the same coalition of Democrats and Free Soilers defeated him again. His final venture into elected political office was as a presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1852. Afterwards, Winthrop became an independent, unsuccessfully supporting Millard Fillmore, John Bell, and George McClellan.

With his political career over at the young age of 41, Winthrop spent the remainder of his life in literary, historical, and philanthropic pursuits.^[1] He was a major early patron of the Boston Public Library and president of the Massachusetts Historical Society from 1855 to 1885, during which time he wrote a biography of his ancestor John Winthrop. He served as the president of the Massachusetts Bible Society for several years where he advocated that Christian morality was the necessary condition of a free society.^[2] His most notable contributions came as permanent Chairman and President of the Peabody Education Fund Trustees, which he served from 1867 to his death. As well as steering the contributions of the Peabody Trust, Winthrop gave his own money to various Southern schools, the most long lasting of which was the $1500 of seed money provided to a teacher's college that renamed itself Winthrop University in gratitude. He became a noted orator, delivering the eulogy for George Peabody in 1870 and at the ceremony that opened the Washington Monument in 1884.

He died in Boston in 1894, and is interred in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Winthrop is a great-great-grandfather of United States Senator and 2004 Presidential candidate John Kerry, and a seventh generation descendant of the founding governor the Massachusetts Bay Colony, John Winthrop.

[edit] See also

• Dudley-Winthrop family

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Robert Charles Winthrop at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
• Robert C. Winthrop at Find A Grave
• Winthrop's role as Chairman of the PEF
• Robert Winthrop, "Addresses and Speeches on Various Occasions," Little, Brown and Company, 1852 - 776 pages)

Wikisource has original works written by or about:

Robert Charles Winthrop

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v • d • e United States Senators from Massachusetts Class 1: Dalton • Cabot • Goodhue • Mason • Adams • Lloyd • Gore • Ashmun • Mellen • Mills • Webster • Choate • Webster • Winthrop • Rantoul • Sumner • Washburn • Dawes • Lodge, Sr. • Butler • Walsh • Lodge, Jr. • J. Kennedy • Smith • E. Kennedy Class 2: Strong • Sedgwick • Dexter • Foster • Pickering • Varnum • Otis • Lloyd • Silsbee • Davis • Bates • Davis • Everett • Rockwell • Wilson • Boutwell • Hoar • Crane • J. Weeks • Walsh • Gillett • Coolidge • Lodge, Jr. • S. Weeks • Saltonstall • Brooke • Tsongas • Kerry