Reginald Bevins
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(John) Reginald Bevins, PC (20 August 1908 – 16 November 1996) was a British politician who served as a Liverpool Member of Parliament for fourteen years. A lower-middle class Conservative, he served in the governments of the 1950s and 1960s, playing an important role in establishing independent television.
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[edit] Early life
Bevins was one of five children born to a Liverpool lower middle class family, and was educated at the Dovedale Road School and then at Liverpool Collegiate School. He joined the insurance business, and also became interested in politics: he joined the Labour Party. In 1935 he was elected to Liverpool City Council.
[edit] Wartime service
At the outbreak of the Second World War, enlisted in the Royal Artillery. He served as a gunner in 1940, and served in the middle East and in Europe. He ended the war a Major in the Royal Army Service Corps, and also a strong supporter of the Conservative Party such that he immediately went in search of a Parliamentary nomination. He was chosen for the West Toxteth division, a Labour-held seat; he lost by 4,814 votes, on a pro-Labour swing much less than the national average.
[edit] Search for a seat
Bevins, who remained on the City Council after his change of parties, became a popular figure in the Liverpool Conservative Association. In 1947 he was chosen to fight the Liverpool Edge Hill division in a by-election. Although he did not win, he reduced the Labour majority to under 2,000. Boundary changes announced the next year created a united seat in Liverpool Toxteth, and the sitting Member of Parliament for East Toxteth, Patrick Buchan-Hepburn, chose to move constituencies to Beckenham; Bevins was chosen to try to keep the new seat Conservative.
[edit] Parliament
He succeeded at the 1950 general election by 2,620 votes. When the Conservative Party returned to office in 1951, Bevins was appointed as Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Minister of Housing and Local Government, Harold Macmillan. His knowledge of Liverpool municipal housing issues was valuable to the Minister who was leading a housing drive. In November 1953, he was brought into the government himself as Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Works.
[edit] Rise through Government
Macmillan, who became Prime Minister in January 1957, moved Bevins back to the Ministry of Housing and Local Government. He had a key role in guiding through Parliament the Rent Act 1957, which removed rent control and was highly controversial. After the 1959 general election, Bevins was appointed Postmaster-General, placing him in control of a government department. Although the role was not in the cabinet and low in the formal priorities, it had a higher public profile than this situation would suggest. Bevins was also appointed to the Privy Council and became "The Right Honourable Reginald Bevins".
[edit] Postmaster General
Among the responsibilities for the Postmaster General was television. Bevins was, like Macmillan, a supporter of commercial television when many in the Conservative Party regarded it as un-British. He had guidance from Norman Collins, a friend of Macmillan and involved in Associated TeleVision. He had a delicate role as the profitability of the new medium was high; Bevins observed that when Lord Thomson said commercial television was "a licence to print money", he had been more indiscreet than inaccurate. In November 1962, Bevins was telephoned by journalists who asked him about the new BBC satire programme That Was The Week That Was; Bevins said he intended to do something about it. Macmillan immediately sent him a memo telling him to do nothing.
After the Great Train Robbery in August 1963, Bevins was criticised for laxity in security as the robbery had happened on a mail train. He moved to increase security but resisted calls to have armed police guarding the trains. That October, Bevins was shocked at the choice of Sir Alec Douglas-Home as the new Prime Minister to replace Macmillan, as he thought Douglas-Home was part of the upper-class traditional leadership of the Conservatives who would find it difficult to win support from the mass of the country.
The General Post Office workers' pay negotiations of 1964 were particularly fraught. The government was running an incomes policy but Bevins pressed for an offer of 5%; the Cabinet insisted on a lower offer, which resulted in a strike threat. The eventual settlement was 6·5%, and Bevins ended up taking the blame for fuelling wage inflation; he felt resentful, on the ground that his own approach would have led to a lower settlement.
[edit] Defeat
At the 1964 general election, Bevins lost his marginal seat. He immediately declared he would have no further political involvement until the upper-class establishment was removed from the leadership; although supporting Reginald Maudling, he was cheered by Edward Heath's election in 1965. He knew he would have no chance of a comeback in politics and wrote a book called The Greasy Pole that year, which laid bare his bitterness with his treatment. He also called for reforms of Parliamentary procedure to reduce the Parliamentary week to three days and to sit for only 20 weeks in the year.
Bevins went back into industry, working for Francis Industries, an engineering company. His son Anthony Bevins became a political journalist.
[edit] References
- John Biffen, "Reginald Bevins: Prototype Thatcherite" (Obituary), The Guardian, 19 November 1996
- "Reginald Bevins" (Obituary), The Times, 19 November 1996
- Patrick Cosgrave, "Reginald Bevins" (Obituary), The Independent, 19 November 1996
- "Who Was Who", A & C Black
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Patrick Buchan-Hepburn (East) Joseph Gibbins (West) |
Member of Parliament for Liverpool Toxteth 1950–1964 |
Succeeded by Richard Crawshaw |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by Hugh Molson |
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Works 1953–1957 |
Succeeded by Harmar Nicholls |
| Preceded by Enoch Powell |
Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Housing and Local Government 1957–1959 |
Succeeded by Sir Keith Joseph |
| Preceded by Ernest Marples |
Postmaster General 1959–1964 |
Succeeded by Anthony Wedgwood Benn |
