Olivetti
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Olivetti Tecnost | |
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| Type | Public |
| Founded | Ivrea, Italy |
| Founder | Camillo Olivetti |
| Headquarters | Turin, Italy |
| Area served | Europe South America |
| Key people | Nicolò Nefri Chairman Giovanni Ferrario (CEO) Massimo Canturi Managing Director |
| Industry | information technology |
| Products | computer printers calculators microsystems photocopiers computer peripherals hardware |
| Employees | 1,570 (2005) |
| Parent | Telecom Italia |
| Website | http://www.olivetti.it |
Ing. C. Olivetti & Co., SpA., known as Olivetti, is an Italian manufacturer of computers, printers and other business machines.
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[edit] History
The company was founded as a typewriter manufacturer in 1908 in Ivrea, near Turin, by Camillo Olivetti. The firm was mainly developed by his son Adriano Olivetti, who also developed a new management system. Olivetti opened its first overseas manufacturing plant in 1930, and its Divisumma electric calculator was launched in 1948. Olivetti produced Italy's first electronic computer, the transistorised Elea 9003, in 1959, and purchased the Underwood Typewriter Company that year. In 1964 the company sold its electronics division to the American company General Electric. It continued to develop on its own new computing products such as Programma 101, regarded as the first personal computer produced by a company.
Olivetti was famous for the attention it gave to design: "[a] preoccupation with design developed into a comprehensive corporate philosophy, which embraced everything from the shape of a space bar to the color scheme for an advertising poster".[1] In 1952, the Museum of Modern Art held an exhibit titled "Olivetti: Design in Industry"; many Olivetti products remain part of the museum's permanent collection. Another major show, mounted by the Musée des Arts Décoratifs in Paris in 1969, toured five other cities.[2] Olivetti was also renowned for the caliber of the architects it engaged to design its factories and offices, including Le Corbusier, Louis Kahn, Gae Aulenti, and many others.[3]
From the 1940s to the 1960s, Olivetti industrial design was led by Marcello Nizzoli, responsible for the Lexicon 80 (1948) and the iconic portable Lettera 22 (1950). Later, Mario Bellini and Ettore Sottsass directed design. Bellini designed the Programma 101 (1965), Divisumma 18 (1973) and Logos 68 (1973) calculators and the TCV-250 video display terminal (1966), among others. Sottsass designed the Tekne 3 typewriter (1958), Elea 9003 computer (1959), the Praxis 48 typewriter (1964), the Valentine]portable typewriter (1969), and others. Michele De Lucchi designed the Art Jet 10 ink-jet printer (1999) (winner of the Compasso d'Oro) and the Gioconda calculator (2001).[4] George Sowden worked for Olivetti from 1970 until 1990, and designed their first desk top computer, L1, in 1978 (following ergonomic research lasting two years). In 1991, Sowden won the the prestigious ADI Compasso d'Oro Award for the design of the Olivetti fax OFX420.
Olivetti's first modern personal computer, the M20 with Zilog Z8000 CPU, was released in 1982. In 1985 it acquired a controlling share in the British computer manufacturer Acorn Computers Ltd; a third partner was Thomson SA. Olivetti sold the Thomson MO6 and Acorn BBC Master Compact with brand names Olivetti Prodest PC128 and PC128s respectively. The company continued to develop personal computers until it sold its PC business in 1997.
The Luxembourg-based company Bell S.A. acquired a controlling stake in Olivetti in 1999, but sold it to a consortium including the Pirelli and Benetton groups two years later. In 2003 Olivetti was absorbed into the Telecom Italia group, maintaining a separate identity as Olivetti Tecnost.
Olivetti today operates in Italy and Switzerland, and has sales associates in 83 countries. Research and development are located in Agliè, Arnad, Carsoli, and Scarmagno in Italy, and Yverdon, Switzerland.
[edit] Famous Olivetti users
- William F. Buckley
- Francis Ford Coppola
- Joe Eszterhas
- Patrick Leigh Fermor
- Günter Grass
- Stephen King
- Cormac McCarthy
- Kevin Mitnick
- Indro Montanelli
- Anna Piaggi
- Sylvia Plath
[edit] References
- ^ Martin, Jonathan (2006). International Directory of Company Histories. Answers.com. Thomson Gale. Retrieved on 2008-04-23.
- ^ Woodham, Jonathan (1997). Twentieth Century Design. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 160. ISBN 0192842048.
- ^ Nathan H. Shapira, Renzo Zorzi, Design Process: Olivetti 1908-1978, catalogue of a show at the Frederick S. Wight Art Gallery of UCLA, 1979.
- ^ History & Culture Photo Archive. telecomitalia.it. Telecom Italia. Retrieved on 2008-04-22.
[edit] External links
- Official site
- History of Olivetti at Telecom Italia
- Olivetti Lexicon 80, a work of art. Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved on 2007-11-19.
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