May 2006 Java earthquake

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**May 2006 Java earthquake**

Date	27 May 2006
Magnitude	6.2 M_w
Countries/ regions affected	Indonesia
Casualties:	5,782 dead 36,000+ injured [1]

The May 2006 Java earthquake occurred at 05:54 local time on 27 May 2006 (22:54 GMT 26 May), in the Indian Ocean around 25 km (15 miles) south-southwest of the Indonesian city of Yogyakarta, near Galur, on the southern side of the island of Java (8.007° S 110.286° E), 17.1 km below the seabed, according to the U.S. Geological Survey; Jakarta's Meteorology and Geophysics Agency determined the hypocentre to be about 37 km south of Yogyakarta, 33 km below the seabed. The earthquake had a magnitude of 6.3.^[1] Two aftershocks, measured at 4.8 and 4.6, occurred between 4 and 6 hours later.

1 Casualties
2 Origin
3 Response
4 Reconstruction
5 See also
6 References
7 External links

[edit] Casualties

A fallen pinnacle from damaged Prambanan temple caused by the quake.

According to the latest news, there have been 5,782 deaths, while 36,299 people have been injured, 135,000 houses damaged, and an estimated 1.5 million left homeless.^[2] 3,580 of those deaths and more than 1,892 injuries occurred in the area of Bantul, while 1,668 others died in villages in the southern parts of Klaten district.^[3] Around five million people live within 50 km of the epicentre.^[4]

Coastal residents fled inland in fear of a tsunami, but such an event did not transpire. Borobudur, an ancient Buddhist stupa well north of the earthquake area, apparently survived completely intact,^[5] but the Hindu temple at Prambanan which, being located on the city outskirts, is significantly closer to the main earthquake area, suffered substantial damage and was closed for assessment.^[6]^[7]^[8] The Royal Graveyard of Imogiri, just east of Bantul, was extensively damaged and has been closed to public access.

[edit] Origin

Collapsed houses in Klaten.

The earthquake is thought to have been tectonic in origin and not directly associated with the ongoing eruption of nearby Mount Merapi, although the earthquake is reported to have caused increased activity in the volcano.^[5] The isle of Java lies on the boundaries of the Australian plate and the Eurasian plate. This position places it on the Ring of Fire and predisposes it to common earthquakes and other tectonic activity. The interaction of the two plates below the surface of the Earth caused this earthquake.

[edit] Response

Although Tsunami warnings were issued in the early aftermath of the earthquake, the earthquake did not cause any tsunami activity.

[edit] Political

Patients being treated at a hospital in Yogyakarta.

President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono moved the army to the central Java province to aid rescue efforts and the evacuation of victims. A team of Cabinet Ministers was also sent to oversee the operations.

[edit] International aid

Many countries and organizations offered foreign aid to the devastated region,

Japan promised $10 million USD, sent two medical teams and also announced that it will send troops to help out^[9]

United Kingdom offered four million pounds ($7,436,800 USD)^[9]

Saudi Arabia promised $5 million USD, plus food, medical equipment and tents, while the United Arab Emirates and Kuwait each pledged $4 million USD^[9]

European Union offered three million euros ($3,800,000 USD)^[10]

United States offered $5 million; US military joins relief effort^[11]

Australia offered 7.5 million Australian dollars ($5,675,000 USD) in aid relief, including 27 member medical team among over 80 personnel^[12]

China offered $2 million U.S dollars^[13]

Canada offered two million Canadian dollars ($1.8 million USD)^[14]

India put forward an aid package worth $2 million.^[15]

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) donated $1.6 million USD worth of emergency supplies to devastated areas, teaming up with Islamic Relief Worldwide who provided the transportation. In addition, local Indonesian LDS members prepared thousands of meals, hygiene kits, cots, mattresses, and blankets for those requiring medical attention.^[16]

The Netherlands promised 1 million euros in May plus an extra 10 million euros one month later, Belgium has pledged $832,000, while Norway, France and Italy have offered either medical teams or relief supplies^[9]

The Red Cross, Red Crescent, OXFAM as well as UNICEF provided tents and emergency supplies to the victims.^[10] Japan and Malaysia are to send medical teams to the affected region^[17]

Singapore offered humanitarian relief assistance in the form of a 35-member Armed Forces Medical Team, a 43-member Civil Defense Force Disaster Assistance and Rescue Team, as well as $50,000 USD worth of emergency supplies^[18]

The United Nations World Health Organization sent medicines and communications equipment, enough emergency health kits to last 50,000 people three months, and surgical kits for as many as 600 operations^[19]

Vietnam offered 1,000 tons of rice to Indonesia.^[20]

Isle of Man offered £30,000 (US$56,291) to Indonesia^[21]

King Abdullah II of Jordan ordered to dispatch a plane laden with humanitarian relief to alleviate the suffering of Indonesian earthquake victims that hit Java. The aid included blankets, medicines and other medical equipment.^[22]

MERCY Malaysia (http://www.mercy.org.my/read.php?id=24) sent 6 Missions to Jogja the first being sent on the 28th of May 2006. Datuk Dr. Jemilah Mahmood, President of MERCY Malaysia (Mission Leader) and Saiful Nazri, Programme Officer from MERCY Aceh Office went there on the first mission travelling by a special United Nations Humanitarian Air Services (UNHAS) flight from Banda Aceh along with other international organisations based in Aceh and two (2) tonnes of medical supplies contributed by the international agencies from Aceh. The first team had secured ground logistics for the subsequent teams coming in from Kuala Lumpur.

Eric Edmeades, a Canadian motivational speaker and entrepreneur, was vacationing in Bali when the earthquake happened. He rented a large truck and filled with food, water and medical supplies and drove for four days to the earthquake site where he proceeded to conduct first-hand relief work supplying food, water and medical attention to people in need. This spontaneous act had such a profound effect on Edmeades that he now dedicates a significant portion of his efforts on relief work in the third world including the construction of schools in East Africa.^[23]

[edit] Media

Most international wire services have already had reporters or 'stringers' in the area due to the Mount Merapi eruption to the north of Yogyakarta.

Yogyakarta for many is associated with Borobudur and Prambanan, even though both locations are some distance away from the town. As a result, news stories tend to emphasize the condition of those places. Borobudur suffered no damage whereas Prambanan, which is much closer to the epicentre, has according to reports,^[7] suffered significant damage.

The reporting of the immensity of the problems that are daily evolving following the earthquake is also competing with the crisis in East Timor (Timor Leste) in the media of some countries like Australia and New Zealand.

[edit] Reconstruction

The earthquake's shallow depth was a major factor, but the scale of the damage was made worse by failure to meet safe building standards and employ basic earthquake-resistant construction methods, according to FuturArc. Most homes in the area were built with low-quality materials without structural frames and reinforcing pillars. Many deaths and injuries occurred when buildings and walls collapsed.

The government was slow to implement assistance in reconstructing private houses, leading many homeowners to repair or rebuild their homes either by themselves or with community help. Reconstruction in some areas was aided by relief agencies, like the Red Cross Red Crescent.

Villagers rebuilt their homes with extremely limited resources, using simple affordable materials. They turned to traditional materials, such as bamboo, because of the damage inflicted by collapsing brick walls.