Maryland, My Maryland
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"Maryland, My Maryland" is the official state song of Maryland. The song is set to the tune of "O Tannenbaum" and the lyrics are from a nine-stanza poem written by James Ryder Randall. While the words were penned in 1861, it was not until April 29, 1939, that the state's general assembly adopted "Maryland, My Maryland" as the state song[1].
Written originally as a poem, the song refers to Maryland's history and geography and specifically mentions several historical figures of importance to the state. It has been called America's "most martial poem".
The third verse of this song is sung annually at the Preakness Stakes by the United States Naval Academy men's glee club.
In 1962 Edmund Wilson (1895-1972) used the phrase "patriotic gore" from the song as the title of his book on the literature of the American Civil War.[1]
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[edit] Origin
The poem was a result of events at the beginning of the American Civil War. During the secession crisis, President Abraham Lincoln (referred to in the poem as "the despot" and "the tyrant") ordered federal troops to be brought to Washington, D.C. to protect the capital. Many of these troops were brought through Baltimore City, a major transportation hub. There was a lot of Confederate sympathy in Maryland at the time and riots ensued in April 1861. Several people were killed in the Baltimore riots, including a friend of James Ryder Randall. Randall, a native Marylander, was teaching at Poydras College in Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana, at the time and, moved by the news of his friend's death, wrote the nine-stanza poem, "Maryland, My Maryland". The poem was a plea to his home state of Maryland to secede from the Union and join the Confederacy. It was first published in the New Orleans Sunday Delta on 26 April 1861.
The poem was quickly turned into a song by putting it to the tune "O Tannenbaum" (also known as "Lauriger Horatius") and became instantly popular in Maryland and throughout the South. It was sometimes called "the Marseillaise of the South." Confederate States Army bands planyed the song after they crossed into Maryland territoy during the Maryland Campaign in 1862.[2]
"Florida, My Florida" and "Michigan, My Michigan" are set to the same tune. Both of them were written after "Maryland, My Maryland".
[edit] Melody
The melody was arranged as a march, with a second strain that is a variation on the "O Tannenbaum" theme, which is played after the Tannenbaum theme, then the two themes are played together to produce counterpoint. The march remains a popular instrumental standard with New Orleans traditional brass bands and traditional jazz bands. Many who know the tune in these contexts are unfamiliar with the lyrics.
[edit] Lyrics
I
- The despot's heel is on thy shore,
- Maryland!
- His torch is at thy temple door,
- Maryland!
- Avenge the patriotic gore
- That flecked the streets of Baltimore,
- And be the battle queen of yore,
- Maryland! My Maryland!
II
- Hark to an exiled son's appeal,
- Maryland!
- My mother State! to thee I kneel,
- Maryland!
- For life and death, for woe and weal,
- Thy peerless chivalry reveal,
- And gird they beauteous limbs with steel,
- Maryland! My Maryland!
III
- Thou wilt not cower in the dust,
- Maryland!
- Thy beaming sword shall never rust,
- Maryland!
- Remember Carroll's sacred trust,
- Remember Howard's warlike thrust,-
- And all thy slumberers with the just,
- Maryland! My Maryland!
IV
- Come! 'tis the red dawn of the day,
- Maryland!
- Come with thy panoplied array,
- Maryland!
- With Ringgold's spirit for the fray,
- With Watson's blood at Monterey,
- With fearless Lowe and dashing May,
- Maryland! My Maryland!
V
- Come! for thy shield is bright and strong,
- Maryland!
- Come! for thy dalliance does thee wrong,
- Maryland!
- Come to thine own anointed throng,
- Stalking with Liberty along,
- And chaunt thy dauntless slogan song,
- Maryland! My Maryland!
VI
- Dear Mother! burst the tyrant's chain,
- Maryland!
- Virginia should not call in vain,
- Maryland!
- She meets her sisters on the plain-
- "Sic semper!" 'tis the proud refrain
- That baffles minions back amain,
- Maryland!
- Arise in majesty again,
- Maryland! My Maryland!
VII
- I see the blush upon thy cheek,
- Maryland!
- For thou wast ever bravely meek,
- Maryland!
- But lo! there surges forth a shriek,
- From hill to hill, from creek to creek-
- Potomac calls to Chesapeake,
- Maryland! My Maryland!
VIII
- Thou wilt not yield the Vandal toll,
- Maryland!
- Thou wilt not crook to his control,
- Maryland!
- Better the fire upon thee roll, Better the blade, the shot, the bowl,
- Than crucifixion of the soul,
- Maryland! My Maryland!
IX
- I hear the distant thunder-hum,
- Maryland!
- The Old Line's bugle, fife, and drum,
- Maryland!
- She is not dead, nor deaf, nor dumb-
- Huzza! she spurns the Northern scum!
- She breathes! she burns! she'll come! she'll come!
- Maryland! My Maryland!
[edit] References
- ^ Wilson, Edmund. (1962). Patriotic Gore: Studies in the Literature of the American Civil War. New York: Farrar Strauss & Giroux. Republished in 1994 by W. W. Norton. ISBN-10: 0393312569 / ISBN-13: 978-0393312560 .
- ^ Scharf, J. Thomas (1967 (reissue of 1879 ed.)), History of Maryland From the Earliest Period to the Present Day, vol. 3, Hatboro, PA: Tradition Press, pp. 494
- Maryland State Archives (2004). Maryland State Song - "Maryland, My Maryland". Retrieved 27 Dec. 2004.
- The Morrison Foundation for Musical Research, Inc. (15 Jan. 2004). James Ryder Randall (1839 - 1908). Retrieved 27 Dec. 2004.
