Marshal of the Sejm
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| Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland Marszałek Senatu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej |
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Marshal of the Sejm also known as Sejm Marshal, Chairman of the Sejm or Speaker of the Sejm (Polish: Marszałek Sejmu pronounced [marˈʃawɛk ˈsɛjmu]) is the title of the speaker (chair) of the Sejm (since the 15th century, the lower house of the Polish parliament). In modern Poland, the full title is Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland.
[edit] Related historical offices
In Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth there was also an office of Sejmik Marshal.
In Galicia, from 1861, the chairman of the National Sejm of Galicia with its seat at Lwów, bore the title, Marszałek krajowy (National Marshal or Country Marshal). In the Kingdom of Poland, from 1916 to 1918, the title was Marszałek Rady Stanu (Marshal of the Council of State).
In the Second Polish Republic, the Marshal of the Sejm was elected from among the deputies for the duration of the Sejm's term. Until 1935 (when superseded by the Senate Marshal), the Marshal or Chairman of the Sejm substituted for the President of Poland in the latter's absence or disability (Acting President of the Republic of Poland).
[edit] Modern Marshals of the Sejm
Today the Marshal of the Sejm is the chairman of the Presidium of the Sejm (Prezydium Sejmu) and the Convention of Seniors (Konwent Seniorów). The Marshal oversees the work of the Sejm, supervises procedural sessions of the Sejm, and convenes and chairs the proceedings of the Convention of Seniors and the Presidium of the Sejm. He (or she) appoints the Chief of the Chambers (of the Sejm, and of the Senat), and since 1989 substitutes for the President of Poland in the event of that office's vacancy.
His deputy is the Vice-Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland.
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