Manandafy Rakotonirina
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Manandafy Rakotonirina (born 30 October 1938[1][2]) is a Malagasy politician.
Born in Fandriana, in Fianarantsoa Province, he received his primary and secondary education in Ambositra and Antsirabe and attended the University of Antananarivo. He then became an assistant at the Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie and a Professor of Sociology. As a convinced socialist, he joined the Madagasikara Otronin'ny Malagasy party,[1][2] within which he called for the involvement of the proletariat of Antananarivo.[1]
Rakotonirina was in favor of a popular uprising, and in April 1971 he was arrested.[1][2] He helped organize the May 1972 protests against President Philibert Tsiranana.[2] On December 27, 1972, he founded the Movement for Proletarian Power (MFM) with Rakotonirainy Germain. In May 1973, he was again arrested in connection with a commemoration of May 1972.[1][2]
Although the MFM did not actively oppose the regime of Didier Ratsiraka when it came to power in 1975, Ratsiraka dissolved the party in September 1976 and Rakotonirina was placed under house arrest, which lasted until January 1977. Following this, he agreed to reform his party within the ruling National Front for the Defence of the Revolution coalition; he became a member of the Supreme Council of the Revolution and was entrusted with heading the Economic Commission.[1][2]
Rakotonirina later contested the March 1989 presidential election, receiving just under 20% of the vote and taking second place, behind Ratsiraka.[1][2][3] From late 1991 to 1993, he was co-president of the transitional Committee for Economic and Social Recovery along with Richard Andriamanjato.[1][4] Rakotonirina was a candidate in the November 1992 presidential election, taking third place with 10.2% of the votes cast, behind Albert Zafy and Ratsiraka.[1][3] He was elected to the National Assembly from Manandrina in the 1993 parliamentary election, serving until 1998.[1] He was a candidate for Prime Minister in the National Assembly vote on August 9, 1993, but came in third place, receiving 32 votes against 55 for the winner, Francisque Ravony, and 46 for Roger Ralison (both of whom were from the pro-Zafy Committee of Active Forces).[5]
Rakotonirina's party had moved towards liberalism,[6] and it renamed itself the Militant Party for the Development of Madagascar. He continued to lead the party through declining fortunes.[citation needed] In 2001, he played a major role in convincing Marc Ravalomanana to claim a majority in the first round of the presidential election and to refuse to participate in a second round of voting. His alternative strategy of taking to the streets proved ultimately successful, and Rakotonirina became a Special Advisor to the president.[6]
Despite this, Rakotonirina stood against Ravalomanana in the December 2006 presidential election. In this he received only 0.33% of the votes,[3][7] after experiencing difficulties distributing ballots to polling stations. After being prevented from taking papers to stations on the day of the election, he refused to cast his own vote, and called for a re-run.[8]
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j MANANDAFY (French).
- ^ a b c d e f g "Manandafy, la tête pensante de Ravalomanana?", Afrique Express, N° 246, March 14, 2002 (French).
- ^ a b c Elections in Madagascar, African Elections Database.
- ^ History of the National Assembly, official website of the National Assembly (French).
- ^ "Aug 1993 - New government", Keesing's Record of World Events, Volume 39, August, 1993 Madagascar, Page 39587.
- ^ a b "Mfm de Manandafy Rakotonirina :Trente trois années de lutte…" (French)
- ^ 2006 presidential election results from the High Constitutional Court (French).
- ^ "President takes early lead in Madagascar poll", Associated Press (International Herald Tribune), December 3, 2006.
