List of basic biochemistry topics

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For a more comprehensive list, see the List of biochemistry topics.

Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes and transformations in living organisms, including the structure and function of cellular components, such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules.

The following list of topics is provided as an overview of and introduction to biochemistry:

Contents 1 Essence of biochemistry 2 Branches of biochemistry 3 History of biochemistry 4 Basic biochemistry concepts 5 Biochemistry scholars 6 Leaders in biochemistry 7 Biochemistry lists 8 See also 9 External links

[edit] Essence of biochemistry

Biochemistry is the science deals with chemical composition and its reactions, happening in the living cells of organisms, such as mammals, vertebrates, plants and all living organisms.

Main article: Biochemistry

[edit] Branches of biochemistry

[edit] History of biochemistry

Main article: History of biochemistry

[edit] Basic biochemistry concepts

• Major categories of bio-compounds:
  • Carbohydrates : sugar -- disaccharide -- polysaccharide -- starch -- glycogen
  • Lipids : fatty acid -- fats -- essential oils -- oils -- waxes -- cholesterol
  • Nucleic acids : DNA -- RNA -- mRNA -- tRNA -- rRNA -- codon -- adenosine -- cytosine -- guanine -- thymine -- uracil
  • Proteins :
    • amino acid -- glycine -- arginine -- lysine
    • peptide -- primary structure -- secondary structure -- tertiary structure -- conformation -- protein folding
• Chemical properties:
  • molecular bond -- covalent bond -- ionic bond -- hydrogen bond -- ester -- ethyl
  • molecular charge -- hydrophilic -- hydrophobic -- polar
  • pH -- acid -- alkaline -- base
  • oxidation -- reduction -- hydrolysis
• Structural compounds:
  • In cells: flagellin -- peptidoglycan -- myelin -- actin -- myosin
  • In animals: chitin -- keratin -- collagen -- silk
  • In plants: cellulose -- lignin -- cell wall
• Enzymes and enzyme activity:
  • enzyme kinetics -- enzyme inhibition
  • proteolysis -- ubiquitin -- proteasome
  • kinase -- dehydrogenase
• Membranes : fluid mosaic model -- diffusion -- osmosis
  • phospholipids -- glycolipid -- glycocalyx -- antigen -- isoprene
  • ion channel -- proton pump -- electron transport -- ion gradient -- antiporter -- symporter -- quinone -- riboflavin
• Energy pathways :
  • pigments : chlorophyll -- carotenoids -- xanthophyll -- cytochrome -- phycobilin -- bacteriorhodopsin -- hemoglobin -- myoglobin -- absorption spectrum -- action spectrum -- fluorescence
  • Photosynthesis : light reaction -- dark reaction
  • Fermentation : Acetyl-CoA -- lactic acid
  • Cellular respiration : Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) -- NADH -- pyruvate -- oxalate -- citrate
  • Chemosynthesis
• Regulation
  • hormones : auxin
  • signal transduction -- growth factor -- transcription factor -- protein kinase -- SH3 domain
  • Malfunctions : tumor -- oncogene -- tumor suppressor gene
  • Receptors : Integrin -- transmembrane receptor -- ion channel
• Techniques : electrophoresis -- chromatography -- mass spectrometry -- x-ray diffraction -- Southern blot -- fractionation -- Gram stain

[edit] Biochemistry scholars

[edit] Leaders in biochemistry

[edit] Biochemistry lists

Main article: List of biochemistry topics

[edit] See also

• Wikiversity:Topic:Biochemistry

[edit] External links

Find more about Biochemistry on Wikipedia's sister projects:
	Dictionary definitions
	Textbooks
	Quotations
	Source texts
	Images and media
	News stories
	Learning resources

• The Virtual Library of Biochemistry and Cell Biology
• Biochemistry, 5th ed. Full text of Berg, Tymoczko, and Stryer, courtesy of NCBI.
• Biochemistry, 2nd ed. Full text of Garrett and Grisham.
• Costa Rican Biotechnology Society
• Cell Biochemistry
• Biochemistry (the scientific jounal).

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