List of Lithuanians

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of Lithuanians, both people of Lithuanian descent and people with the birthplace or citizenship of Lithuania.

In a case when a person was born in the territory of former Grand Duchy of Lithuania and not in the territory of modern Lithuania, only persons, who named themselves Lithuanians or were strictly connected to Lithuania in other way, are included.

Contents 1 Arts 1.1 Architecture and sculpture 1.2 Literature 1.3 Theater and cinema 1.4 Music 1.5 Painters and graphic artists 2 Politics 3 Science 4 Mathematics 5 Economy 6 Sports 7 Religion 7.1 Roman Catholicism 7.2 Judaism 7.3 Eastern Orthodoxy 8 Other 9 Fictional 10 Related to Lithuania by birthplace (before 1918) or citizenship (after 1918) or origin 11 See also 12 References

[edit] Arts

[edit] Architecture and sculpture

• Robertas Antinis Jr. (1946–), sculptor and artist
• Juozas Bakis(1922-2003), sculptor, artist - known for iconic sculptures - trained and taught in Germany
• Gediminas Baravykas (1940–1995), one of the best-known Soviet architects
• Vytautas Brėdikis (1930–), planner of Antakalnis and Lazdynai microdistricts in Vilnius
• Vincas Grybas (1890–1940), one of the influential early monumental sculptors
• Laurynas Gucevičius (1753–1798), architect of Vilnius Cathedral
• Gintaras Karosas (1968–), sculptor, founder of Europos Parkas;
• Vytautas Lansbergis-Žemkalnis (1893–1993), one of the famous architects in the interwar Lithuania
• Juozas Mikėnas (1901–1964), sculptor
• Algimantas Nasvytis (1928–), architect, Minister of Construction and Urbanistics (1990)
• Kęstutis Pempė (1949–), architect, chairman of the Architects Association of Lithuania
• Bronius Pundzius (1907–1959), sculptor
• Petras Rimša (1881–1961), one of the first professional sculptors in Lithuania
• Antanas Vivulskis (1877–1919), architect of Three Crosses in Vilnius
• Juozas Zikaras (1881–1944), sculptor and designer the interwar years' Lithuanian litas

[edit] Literature

Main article: List of Lithuanian authors

• Jurgis Baltrušaitis (1873–1944), poet and diplomat, the first Symbolist poet
• Antanas Strazdas (1760-1833), priest and poet, signed in Polish as Antoni Drozdowski, the best know work was Pulkim ant Kely (Let us Fall Our Kness) and the poem The Thrush.
• Antanas Baranauskas (1835–1902), priest and poet, author of The Pine Groove of Anykščiai (Lithuanian: Anykščių šilelis)
• Kazys Binkis (1893–1942), poet and playwright, leader of Lithuanian Futurism movement
• Bernardas Brazdžionis (1907–2002), an influential romantic poet
• Petras Cvirka (1909–1947), short story writer and active supporter of communism
• Romualdas Granauskas (1939–), writer about the identity crisis during the Soviet times
• Juozas Grušas (1901–1986), one of the most productive writers and playwrights under the Soviet rule
• Jurga Ivanauskaitė (1961–2007), the best known modern female writer
• Vincas Kudirka (1858–1899), writer and poet, author of the national anthem of Lithuania
• Maironis (real name Jonas Mačiulis, 1862–1932), priest and poet, best known patriotic poet
• Vytautas V. Landsbergis (1962-), writer, published many children's books.
• Justinas Marcinkevičius (1930–), one of the most prominent poets during the Soviet rule
• Marcelijus Martinaitis (1936–), writer famous for The Ballads of Kukutis, a mock-epic
• Martynas Mažvydas (1510–1563), author of the first book in Lithuanian language
• Icchokas Meras (1934–), Lithuanian-Jewish writer about the Holocaust
• Vincas Krėvė-Mickevičius (1882–1954), writer and playwright, author of major interwar plays
• Oskaras Milašius (1877–1939), French-Lithuanian writer and diplomat
• Czeslaw Milosz (1911-), recipient of the 1980 Nobel Prize for Literature, was born in Seteksniai, Lithuania
• Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas (1893–1967), writer and poet, one of the best known Symbolist poets, author of the novel In the Shadows of the Altars (Lithuanian: Altorių šešėly)
• Salomėja Nėris (real name Salomėja Bačinskaitė-Bučienė, 1904–1945), the best known female poet during the interwar period
• Alfonsas Nyka-Niliūnas (1919–), poet, living in the United States
• Henrikas Radauskas (1910–1970), poet, one of the major figures of Lithuanian literature in exile
• Šatrijos Ragana (real name Marija Pečkauskaitė, 1877–1930), female writer
• Antanas Škėma (1911–1961), writer in exile, author of surrealistic novel The White Cloth (Lithuanian: Balta drobulė)
• Balys Sruoga (1896–1947), writer, poet, playwright, author of the novel The Forest of Gods (Lithuanian: Dievų miškas) about his experience in the Stutthof concentration camp
• Richard Unekis (1928-), author of the novel The Chase - made into the movie Dirty Mary Crazy Larry - living in US
• Judita Vaičiūnaitė (1937–2001), modern female poet exploring urban settings
• Vaižgantas (real name Juozas Tumas, 1869–1933), writer
• Antanas Vienuolis (1882–1957), writer, a major figure in Lithuanian prose
• Tomas Venclova (1937–), poet, political activist
• Žemaitė (real name Julija Beniuševičiūtė-Žymantienė, 1845–1921), one of the best known female writers

[edit] Theater and cinema

• Regimantas Adomaitis (1937–), theatre and film actor, successful both in Lithuania and Russia
• Artūras Barysas (1954–2005), "counter-culture" actor, singer, photographer, and filmmaker, known as the father of modern Lithuanian avant-garde.
• Donatas Banionis (1924–), actor, and star of Tarkovsky's Solaris
• Šarūnas Bartas (1964–), modern film director
• Charles Bronson (born Charles Dennis Buchinsky, Lithuanian name Karolis Bučinskis)(November 3, 1921 – August 30, 2003), American actor of "tough guy" roles
• Ingeborga Dapkūnaitė (1963–), internationally successful actress
• Gediminas Girdvainis (1944–), prolific theatre and movie actor
• Ann Jillian, (1950-), American television actress
• Rolandas Kazlas (1969–), well-known comedy actor
• Oskaras Koršunovas (1969–), best known modern theater director
• Tony Maciulis (1976-), U.S. television news producer and journalist
• George Maciunas (1931–1978), initiator of Fluxus movement
• Vaiva Mainelytė (1948–), popular actress remembered for the leading role in Bride of the Devil (Lithuanian: Velnio nuotaka)
• Arūnas Matelis (1961–), acclaimed documentary director
• Jonas Mekas (1922–), filmmaker, the godfather of American avant-garde cinema
• Juozas Miltinis (1907–1994), theater director from Panevėžys
• Nijolė Narmontaitė (1959–), actress
• Eimuntas Nekrošius (1952–), theater director
• Algimantas Puipa (1951–), film director
• Darius Radzius (1973-), U.S. television news journalist
• Kostas Smoriginas (1953–), popular actor and singer
• Jonas Vaitkus (1944–), theater director, director of Utterly Alone
• Adolfas Večerskis (1949–), theatre and film actor, director, General Director of Lithuanian National Drama Theatre
• Arūnas Žebriūnas (1930–), one of the most prominent film directors during the Soviet rule

[edit] Music

• Jurga Šeduikytė (1980-), art rock musician, won the Best Female Act and the Best Album of 2005 in the Lithuanian Bravo Awards and the Best Baltic Act at the MTV Europe Music Awards 2007.
• Linas Adomaitis (1976–), pop singer, participant in the Eurovision Song Contest
• Osvaldas Balakauskas (1937–), ambassador and classical composer
• Alanas Chošnau (1974–), singer, member of former music group Naktinės Personos
• Rytis Cicinas (1973–), popular pop singer
• Egidijus Dragūnas (1976–), leader of Sel, one of the first hip hop bands in Lithuania
• Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis (1875–1911), arguably most famous painter and composer
• Balys Dvarionas (1904–1972), composer
• Gintarė, pop artist, signed with SONY EMI in 1998
• Algirdas Kaušpėdas, architect and lead singer of Antis
• Anthony Kiedis, frontman and vocalist of the Red Hot Chili Peppers
• Vytautas Kernagis (1951–2008), one of the most popular bards
• Andrius Mamontovas (1967–), rock singer, co-founder of Foje and LT United
• Marijonas Mikutavičius (1971–), singer, author of Trys Milijonai, the unofficial sports anthem in Lithuania
• Irena Milkevičiūtė-Grigorian, opera singer (soprano), Primadonna of Lithuanian opera
• Vincas Niekus (1886-1938), composer
• Virgilijus Noreika (1935–), one of the most successful opera singers (tenor)
• Kipras Petrauskas (1885–1968), popular early opera singer (tenor)
• Stasys Povilaitis (1947–), one of the popular singers during the Soviet period
• Violeta Riaubiškytė (1974-), pop singer, TV show host
• Audrone Simonaityte-Gaižiūnienė (1944-), one of the more popular female opera singers (soprano)
• Virgis Stakėnas (1953–), singer of country-folk music
• Jonas Švedas (1908–1971), composer
• Violeta Urmanavičiūtė-Urmana, opera singer (soprano-mezzosoprano) appearing internationally
• Annette Zilinskas, original bassist with the early Bangles

[edit] Painters and graphic artists

• Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis (1875-1911), painter and composer. Asteroid 2420 Čiurlionis is named for him.
• Vladimiras Dubeneckis
• Stasys Eidrigevičius (1949- ) graphic artist.
• Paulius Galaunė
• Algirdas Griškevičius
• Petronele Gerlikiene (1905–1979), self-taught Lithuanian-American artist
• Petras Kalpokas
• Povilas Kaupas
• Algimantas Kezys Lithuanian-American photographer
• Stasys Krasauskas - graphic artist
• Antanas Samuolis - painter
• Šarūnas Sauka (1958-) painter.
• Boris Schatz (1867-1932) sculptor and founder of the Bezalel Academy.
• Natalie Shau (1984) Digital artist.
• Adolfas Valeška (1905-1994) Painter and graphic artist.
• William Zorach (1889-1966) Modern artists who died in Bath, Maine.
• Antanas Žmuidzinavičius - 1876–1966 painter.

[edit] Politics

• Valdas Adamkus (1926–), current President of Lithuania
• Jonas Basanavičius (1851–1927), "father" of the Act of Independence of 1918
• Algirdas Brazauskas (1932–), the former First secretary of Central Committee of Communist Party of Lithuanian SSR, the former president of Lithuania after 1990, and former Prime Minister of Lithuania
• Kazys Grinius (1866–1950), politician, third President of Lithuania
• Mykolas Krupavičius (1885–1970), priest behind the land reform in interwar Lithuania
• Vytautas Landsbergis (1932–), politician, professor, leader of Sąjūdis, the independence movement, former speaker of Seimas, member of European Parliament
• Stasys Lozoraitis (1898–1983), diplomat and leader of Lithuanian government in exile (1940–1983)
• Stasys Lozoraitis (junior) (1924–1994), politician, diplomat, succeeded his father as leader of Lithuanian government in exile (1987–1991)
• Antanas Merkys (1888–1955), the last Prime Minister of interwar Lithuania
• Rolandas Paksas (1956–), former President, removed from the office after impeachment
• Justas Paleckis (1899–1980), journalist and politician, puppet Prime Minister after Soviet occupation
• Kazimiera Prunskienė (1943–), the first female Prime Minister
• Mykolas Sleževičius (1882–1939), three times Prime Minister, organized Lithuanian Armed Forces
• Antanas Smetona (1874–1944), the first President (1919) and authoritarian leader (1926–1941)
• Antanas Sniečkus (1903–1974), First Secretary of the Lithuanian Communist Party (1940–1974)
• Aleksandras Stulginskis (1885–1969), President of Lithuania in the interwar period
• Antanas Terleckas (1928–), political activist
• Juozas Urbšys (1896–1991), the last Foreign Minister of interwar Lithuania
• Gediminas Vagnorius (1957–), the Prime Minister behind vagnorkės, the temporary currency
• Augustinas Voldemaras (1883–1942), the Prime Minister to Antanas Smetona
• Artūras Zuokas (1968–), controversial mayor of Vilnius city municipality

See also: List of Lithuanian rulers

[edit] Science

• Kazys Almenas - physicist, writer and essayist
• Algirdas Avižienis - extensive research in fault-tolerance
• Jurgis Baltrušaitis junior - art-historian, expert of medieval art
• Arunas L. Birutis - Nurse-Researcher. A pioneer of Lithuanian Nursing reform.
• Kazimieras Būga renowned linguist
• Simonas Daukantas - the first Lithuanian historian
• Jurgis Dobkevičius - Aircraft designer
• Birutė Galdikas - anthropologist
• Christopher John Danauskas - Famous Drexel alum, humanitarian
• Marija Gimbutienė - archeologist
• Vytautas Andrius Graičiūnas - management theorist
• Algirdas Julius Greimas - linguist who contributed to the theory of semiotics, and also researched Lithuanian mythology.
• Aleksandras Griškevičius - pioneer of aviation in Lithuania
• Jonas Jablonskis - Lithuanian practical linguist, founder of Standard Lithuanian
• Aaron Klug - physicist and chemist, and winner of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
• Konstantinas Sirvydas first Lithuanian lexicographer
• Kazimieras Simonavičius artillery and rocket scientist
• Vytautas Straižys - astronomer

[edit] Mathematics

• Aldona Aleškevičienė(Statulevičienė) - Probability theory and stochastic processes
• Raimundas Bentkus - Probability theory and stochastic processes
• Algimantas Jonas Bikelis - Probability theory and stochastic processes
• Vaclovas Bliznikas - Differential geometry
• Antanas Kestutis Bulota - Number theory
• Bronius Grigelionis - Probability theory and stochastic processes
• Kleopas Grincevicius - Differential geometry
• Feliksas Ivanauskas - Numerical analysis
• Jonas Kubilius - Number theory, recipient of Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas, University rector
• Antanas Laurincikas - Number theory
• Eugenijus Manstavicius - Number theory
• Vygantas I. Paulauskas - Probability theory and stochastic processes
• Vytautas Statulevicius - Probability theory and stochastic processes
• Father Albin Gurklis MIC - Research on the Hexagramma Mysticum

[edit] Economy

• Juozas Kazickas
• Nerijus Numavičius
• Bronislovas Lubys
• Darius Mockus
• Gintaras Marcinkevičius
• Gintautas Samuolis
• Mindaugas Marcinkevičius
• Ignas Staškevičius
• Tomas Juška
• Arvydas Avulis
• Andrius Janukonis
• Hubertas Grušnys.

[edit] Sports

• Virgilijus Alekna - Olympic, World and European champion in discus throwing
• Dick Butkus - NFL Hall of Fame linebacker
• Margarita Drobiazko - Ice dancer bronze medal at the European Championships (2000, 2006) and at World Championships (2000)
• Vitas Gerulaitis - Tennis player (member of the Lithuanian diaspora in the US)
• Daina Gudzinevičiūtė - Olympic gold medalist in shooting
• Žydrūnas Ilgauskas - Current NBA player with the Cleveland Cavaliers
• Edgaras Jankauskas - The most famous lithuanian football player and the only one becoming european champion in the 2003/2004 Champions League wen he played for FC Porto.
• Šarūnas Jasikevičius - European Basketball superstar, current player with Panathinaikos
• Joe Jurevicius - American football (NFL) wide receiver

Rory Corcoran- Wyoming Seminary Varsity Tennis Player

• Darius Kasparaitis - Former NHL player
• Linas Kleiza - Current NBA player with the Denver Nuggets
• Derek Krasauskas - professional skateboarder
• Albert Krevis - Former NFL player with the Cincinnati Bengals and New York Jets
• Markas Luckis - Chess player
• Diana Žiliūtė - Cyclist
• Vladas Mikenas - Chess player
• Šarūnas Marčiulionis - Former NBA player, used to play for the USSR; resurrected the Lithuania national team in the 1990s
• Artūras Karnišovas - famous basketball player
• Rimas Kurtinaitis - famous basketball player
• Remigijus Morkevicius - Muay Thai Kickboxer and MMA fighter.
• Eugenijus Riabovas - Head coach of Hearts FC
• Raimondas Rumšas - Cyclist
• Arvydas Sabonis - Former NBA player with Portland Trail Blazers, used to play for the USSR

• Gintas Umaras Won two gold medals at the 1988 Olympics in track cycling
• Žydrūnas Savickas - 5-time winner of the "Arnold‘s Strongest Man" 1st Place
• Austra Skujytė - Olympic medalist at decathlon
• Kim Slagus - Racewalker, Field Hockey player
• Darius Songaila - Current NBA player with the Washington Wizards
• Ramūnas Šiškauskas - EuroLeague star, nicknamed Lithuanian Scottie Pippen
• Johnny Unitas - Football player with the Baltimore Colts, member of NFL Hall of Fame
• Vidmantas Urbonas - a world ultra-triatlon champion
• Povilas Vanagas - Figure skater & ice dancer - bronze medal at the European Championships (2000, 2006) and at World Championships (2000)
• Eddie Waitkus - Baseball player
• Terri Zemaitis - All-American Collegiate (Penn State University) and Olympic (USA) volleyball player
• Dainius Zubrus - NHL player with the New Jersey Devils
• Diana Žiliūtė - Cyclist

[edit] Religion

[edit] Roman Catholicism

• Audrys Cardinal Bačkis
• Saint Casimir
• Monsignor Simon Morkunas - Lithuanian-American humanitarian
• Archbishop Blessed Jurgis Matulaitis-Matulevičius
• Archbishop Mečislovas Reinys
• Alfonsas Svarinskas
• Stephen A. Danauskas - historian and writer.
• Motiejus Valančius - bishop of Samogitia, historian and writer.
• Kazimieras Vasiliauskas
• Louis Vezelis- Lithuanian-American sedevacantist Franciscan bishop

[edit] Judaism

• Vilna Gaon
• Chaim Volozhin
• Eliyahu Eliezer Dessler
• Avraham Yeshayahu Karelitz
• Chaim Ozer Grodzinski

[edit] Eastern Orthodoxy

• Anthony, John, and Eustathios - courtiers under Algirdas, fourteenth century martyrs.
• Saint Charitina - Lithuanian noblewoman turned ascetic and abbess.
• Daumantas of Pskov - Lithuanian minor noble, became prince of Pskov and defender against the Teutonic Knights.
• Saint Athanasius - Born into a Lithuanian noble family, became a monk and martyr.

[edit] Other

• Tadas Blinda - Lithuanian Robin Hood
• Steponas Darius and Stasys Girėnas - pilots.
• Jurgis Kairys - aerobatic pilot, FAI World Grand Prix of Aviation FAIWGPA champion, famous of flight under 10 bridges in Vilnius. He also flew inverted under a bridge in Kaunas.
• Benediktas Mikulis - Lithuanian freedom fighter.
• Jokūbas Smuškevičius, also known as Yakov Smushkevich, Смушкевич Яков Владимирович (1902-1941) - general lieutenant of Soviet Army, Commander-in Chief of Soviet Air Force, twice Hero of Soviet Union.
• Vytautas Putna, also known as ru:Путна, Витовт Казимирович (1893-1937) - comcor (general lieutenant) of Red Army, Soviet military diplomat
• Ian Koshnick - politician/attorney (member of the Lithuanian diaspora in the US)
• Jeronimas Uborevičius. also known as ru:Уборевич, Иероним Петрович or Ieronim Uborevich (1896-1937) - comandarm 1rst rank (General of the Army) of the Red Army, commander of Armament of Red Army, later commander of military district.
• Antanas Gustaitis (1898-1941) - general of Lithuanian Air Force, engineer, designer of airplanes.
• Josifas Grigulevičius, also known as Григулевич Иосиф Ромуальдович (1913-1988) - famous Soviet intelligence agent in West Europe and Latin America, later historian of Catholic Church and Latin America (corresponding member of Academy of Sciences of USSR).
• Rimantas Stankevičius (1944-1990) - Soviet test pilot and cosmonaut.
• Feliksas Vaitkus - Sixth pilot to fly solo across the Atlantic.
• Abba Kovner (1918-1987) poet, writer, and partisan leader.
• Martha Skavronskaya - Empress Catherine I of Russia
• Jerry Siegel (1914-1996) - co-creator of Superman. Son of Lithuanian Jewish immigrants.
• Tony G (real name Antanas Guoga). World poker star, born in Kaunas.

[edit] Fictional

• Hannibal Lecter - Fictional cannibalistic genius appearing in four novels by author Thomas Harris and their film adaptations.
• Marko Ramius - Fictional captain of the submarine Red October in the novel The Hunt for Red October by Tom Clancy. Portrayed by Sean Connery in the 1990 film version.
• Jurgis Rudkus, the hero of Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle.

[edit] Related to Lithuania by birthplace (before 1918) or citizenship (after 1918) or origin

• Saul Anuzis (1959-), Chairman of the Michigan Republican State Committee 2005-present
• Leonard Cohen (1934-), singer-songwriter, poet, novelist, and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee
• Ann Jillian (1950-), American television actress and breast cancer activist, born to immigrant parents
• Sydney Brenner - biologist, winner of 2002 Nobel Prize in Physiology
• Robert Briscoe - Lord Mayor of Dublin
• Kristijonas Donelaitis (1714–1780), Prussian-Lithuanian priest and poet, author of The Seasons (Lithuanian: Metai)
• Elijah ben Solomon - the Gaon of Vilna
• Emma Goldman - Anarchist, feminist, activist aka 'Red Emma', Lithuania-born anarchist known for her writings and speeches. Deported from U.S.
• Nadine Gordimer - novelist and writer, winner of the 1991 Nobel Prize in literature and 1974 Booker Prize
• David Lee - physicist, winner of Nobel Prize in 1996 for physics
• Adam Mickiewicz - poet
• Czesław Miłosz - Polish poet and essayist, Nobel prize winner
• Józef Piłsudski - marshal of Poland
• Abraham Cahan
• Jacques Lipchitz - artist
• Karl Shapiro
• William Zorach
• S. J. Perelman
• Uriel Weinreich
• Bernard Berenson
• Hermann Minkowski - mathematician, one of Einstein's teachers
• Emmanuel Levinas - prominent philosopher
• Jascha Heifetz (1901-1987) - violinist
• Maury Povich - Paternal grandparents emigrated from Lithuania
• Jason Sudeikis - US actor and comedian, member of Saturday Night Live cast
• Stanley Kunitz - a noted American poet - mother was Lithuanian
• Genie Francis - American actress. Mother is of Lithuanian descent
• Ignacy Domeyko - geologist and mineralogist
• Johnny Unitas - former Baltimore Colts quarterback - parents were Lithuanian
• Annis Stukus - Canadian sports personality
• Richard Durbin - Illinois senator - Mother was Lithuanian
• Billy McNeill - Scottish soccer legend - Lithuanian mother
• Kevin Bieksa - Canadian hockey player
• Vlado Perlemuter - French pianist, born in Kaunas
• Joseph Garner - world famous film director
• Robert Z'Dar - American actor
• Robert Zemeckis - American film director
• Sean Penn - American actor. Father was of mixed Russian and Lithuanian descent
• John C. Reilly - American actor. Mother is of Lithuanian descent
• John Gielgud - British actor
• John Kiedis - also known as Spider or Blackie Dammett, father of Anthony Kiedis
• Anthony Kiedis - lead singer, Red Hot Chili Peppers
• Joanna Shimkus - actress born in Canada to Lithuanian emigres
• John Candy - Canadian actor (his mother of mixed Lithuanian descent)
• Laurence Harvey - actor (real name Laruschka Mischa Skikne)
• Charles Bronson, actor, born in Lithuanian emigrants family
• Jascha Heifetz - b.1901 d.1987 famous violinist
• Philip Glass - b.1937 composer (grandchild of Lithuanian Jewish migrants)
• Bob Dylan - American folk/rock musician
• Wayne Levonitis - lead singer/rock musician Sub Masters
• Antanas Mockus - Colombian mathematician, philosopher, and politician. Former mayor of Bogotá
• Antanas Sileika - Canadian author
• Leo Rautins - Canadian basketball player, national team coach, broadcaster
• Vydūnas (real name Vilhelmas Storosta, 1868–1953), German writer and philosopher, leader of Lithuanian cultural movement in the Lithuania Minor at the beginning of the 20th century

[edit] See also

• List of North European Jews
• List of Poles
• List of Belarusians
• List of people by nationality

[edit] References

• Šilbajoris, Rimvydas (2002). A Short History of Lithuanian Literature. Vilnius: Baltos lankos. ISBN 9955-429-76-3. 
• (Lithuanian) Vasiliauskas, Valdas (1999-12-27). "Šimtas įtakingiausių Lietuvos žmonių nuo 1900 iki 2000 (A Hundred of the Most Influential Lithuanians from 1900 to 2000)". Extra 49 (62).