Kavachi
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Kavachi is one of the most active submarine volcanoes in the SW Pacific. Located south of Vangunu Island in the Solomon Islands, it is named after a sea god of the New Georgia Group islanders, and is also referred to locally as Rejo te Kavachi ("Kavachi's oven’). The volcano has become emergent at least 9 times since its first recorded eruption in 1939.
In May 2000, an international research team aboard the CSIRO research vessel FRANKLIN fixed the position of the volcano at 8° 59.65'S, 157° 58.23'E. At that time the vent of the volcano was below sea level, however frequent eruptions were ejecting molten lava up to 70m above sea level, and sulfurous steam plumes up to 500m. The team mapped a roughly conical feature rising from 1,100 m water depth, with the volcano having a basal diameter of about 8km.
When the volcano erupted in 2003, a 15 meter high island formed above the surface, but it disappeared soon after. Similar short-lived islands emerged several times during the 20th century.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program: Kavachi
- http://www.csiro.au/files/mediarelease/mr2000/Prvolcano.htm
- NPR interview with expedition Chief Scientist Dr Brent McInnes - http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1074693
- http://www.volcano.com.au
- http://volcano.und.edu/vwdocs/volc_images/southeast_asia/kavachi.html
- http://ems.anu.edu.au/images/fullfront/Kavachi.html
- http://www.thewildernesslodge.org/kavachi.htm
- http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v405/n6786/full/405499b0.html
- Baker, E.T., Massoth, G.J., de Ronde, C.E.J., Lupton, J.E., Lebon, G., and McInnes, B.I.A. 2002. Observations and sampling of an ongoing subsurface eruption of Kavachi volcano, Solomon Islands, May 2000, Geology, 30 (11), 975-978. (geology.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/reprint/30/11/975.pdf)
- Dunkley, P.M., 1983. Volcanism and the evolution of the ensimatic Solomon Islands Arc, in Shimozuro, D. And Yokoyama, I.,(eds.), Arc Volcanism: Physics and Tectonics. Tokyo, Terrapub, 225-241.
- Johnson, R.W. and Tuni, D. 1987. Kavachi, an active forearc volcano in the western Solomon Islands: Reported eruptions between 1950 and 1982, in B. Taylor and N.F. Exon, (eds.), 1987, Marine Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry of the Woodlark Basin-Solomon Islands, Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources Earth Science Series, v. 7: Houston, Texas, Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources.
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