Hyporheic zone
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The hyporheic zone is a region beneath and lateral to a stream bed, where there is mixing of shallow groundwater and surface water. The flow dynamics and behavior in this zone (termed hyporheic flow) is recognized to be important for surface water/groundwater interactions, as well as fish spawning, among other processes.
The flow dynamics are controlled by the pressure variabilities arising on the stream-bed when the flowing water is diverted by stream-bed irregularities created by benthic fauna, moving sand dunes and other obstacles. The mechanism of hyporheic flow can be triggered also by groundwater upwelling seepage beneath the stream-bed and alongside the stream banks.
The term hyporheic was originally coined by Orghidan[1] in 1959 by combining two Greek words: hypo (below) and rheos (flow).
[edit] References
- ^ Orghidan, T. (1959). "Ein neuer Lebensraum des unterirdischen Wassers: Der hyporheische Biotop". Archiv für Hydrobilogie 55: 392–414.
[edit] External links
- An article on the hyporheic zone of streams, and water purification. Includes a diagram.
- The Hyporheic Network is a knowledge-transfer network on groundwater - surface water interactions and hyporheic zone processes. It provides a wealth of information and links to other resources on this topic.
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