Hydroxylammonium chloride
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Hydroxylammonium chloride | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Other names | Hydroxylamine hydrochloride |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [5470-11-1] |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | ClH4NO |
| Molar mass | 69.492 g/mol |
| Appearance | white crystalline solid |
| Density | 1.67 g/cm³, solid |
| Melting point |
ca 159 °C |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | [1] |
| EU classification | Corrosive (C) Toxic (T) |
| NFPA 704 |
 1
3
1
|
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Hydroxylammonium chloride is the hydrochloric acid salt of hydroxylamine. Hydroxylamine is a biological intermediate in the nitrification (biological oxidation of ammonia with oxygen into nitrite) and in the anammox (biological oxidation of nitrite and ammonium into dinitrogen gas) which are important in the nitrogen cycle in soil and in wastewater treatment.
[edit] Applications
Hydroxylammonium chloride is used in organic synthesis for preparation of oximes and hydroxamic acids from carboxylic acids, N- and O- substituted hydroxyamines, and addition reactions of carbon-carbon double bond.
During the acetyl bromide method of extracting lignin from lignocellulosic biomass, hydroxylammonium chloride can be used to remove bromine and polybromide from the solution.
In surface treatments, it is used in the preparation of anti-skinning agents, corrosion inhibitors, and cleaner additives. It is also a starting material for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals manufacturing. In the rubber and plastics industries, it is an antioxidant, vulcanization accelerator, and radical scavenger.
It is also used as a fixative for textile dyes, auxiliary in some dyeing processes, as a metal extraction and flotation aid, as an antioxidant in fatty acids and soaps, and as a color stabilizer and emulsion additive in color films.
[edit] References
- Fukushima, R.S., Dehority, B.A., Loerch, S.C., 1991. J. Anim. Sci 69: 295-304 http://jas.fass.org/cgi/content/abstract/69/1/295
- Elstner, E.F., Heupel, A., 1975 Analytical Biochemistry 70 616-620 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/817618
