"How Do You Sleep?" is a song from John Lennon's 1971 album Imagine, in which he implicitly disparages former Beatles songwriting partner Paul McCartney. It features a particularly intricate slide guitar part played by George Harrison. Despite the overtness of the attack, Lennon later claimed that the song was more about himself than McCartney, and certainly one or two lines, notably "jump when your momma tells you anything", sound as though they are directed more at Lennon's relationship with Yoko Ono than McCartney's with Linda, though it could be seen as a reference to Paul's claims of hearing from his dead mother Mary in the song Let it Be. And the song begins with the puzzling statement "So Sgt. Pepper took you by surprise", a sentiment which applies more to Lennon than McCartney, the latter having been the principal driving force behind creating the album.

The overwhelming impression of the song, however, is an attack on McCartney, such as in the lines "The only thing you done was yesterday/And since you've gone you're just another day." Considering the puns involved, these two lines particularly stand out since it was Paul McCartney who composed the Beatles' song "Yesterday" and also later in his solo career wrote "Another Day". Besides making satirical reference to other McCartney songs, the lyrics also refer to the Paul is dead hoax ("Those freaks was right when they said you was dead").

Lennon felt attacked by McCartney, who admitted that lines in the song "Too Many People" on the album Ram were intended as digs at Lennon (though Lennon and Yoko Ono thought the whole album was intended as such).^{[citation needed]} The song "How Do You Sleep?" was their reply. McCartney's song "Let Me Roll It" on the album Band On The Run set an end to their public battle.